Association of trace element levels in primary teeth and occurrence of Cleft lip and/or palate.

Background: Cleft lip and/or palate (CL/CP) are common congenital anomalies with multifactorial origins, potentially influenced by environmental factors, including multi-trace metal exposure. Primary teeth, which form in utero, offer a unique biomatrix for assessing early-life metal exposure, yet remain underexplored in CL/CP research.

Objective: This case-control study aimed to investigate the association between multi-trace metal exposure and CL/CP occurrence by analyzing primary teeth using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS).

Global burden of thyroid cancer in adolescents and young adults (aged 15-39 years) from 1990 to 2021: A systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Background: Thyroid cancer (TC) is the most common malignancy of the endocrine system and head-and-neck region, yet data on its burden in adolescents and young adults (AYAs) is lacking. This study aimed to estimate the global burden of TC among AYAs from 1990 to 2021.

Methods: Utilizing the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 data, we analyzed age-standardized rates of incidence, prevalence, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) on global, regional, and national scales.

Novel pharmaceutical treatment approaches for schizophrenia: a systematic literature review.

Purpose: Schizophrenia is a chronic and debilitating neuropsychiatric disorder affecting approximately 1% of the global population. Traditional antipsychotic treatments, while effective for positive symptoms, often have significant side effects and fail to address cognitive and negative symptoms. Novel pharmacological treatments targeting muscarinic receptors, TAAR1 agonists, serotonergic pathways, and glutamate modulation have emerged as promising alternatives.

Advances in Machine Learning Models for Healthcare Applications: A Precise and Patient-Centric Approach.

Background: Healthcare is rapidly leveraging machine learning to enhance patient care, streamline operations, and address complex medical issues. Though ethical issues, model efficiency, and algorithmic bias exist, the COVID-19 pandemic highlighted its usefulness in disease outbreak prediction and treatment optimization.

Aim: This article aims to discuss machine learning applications, benefits, and the ethical and practical challenges in healthcare.

Association between remnant cholesterol and chronic kidney disease: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background And Aims: Adequate lipid control has emerged as a key factor in the prevention and management of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Remnant cholesterol (RC), a lipoprotein with an established association with cardiovascular risk, has been investigated in the context of CKD. Given the conflicting results from recent studies, we performed this meta-analysis to summarize the existing evidence on the association between RC and CKD.

Threats and Mitigation Strategies for Electroencephalography-Based Person Authentication.

This work is aimed at investigating the potential risks linked to electroencephalography (EEG)-based person authentication and providing solutions to mitigate these issues. Authenticating a person by EEG involves verifying the legitimacy of the signals used for user identification. EEG signals serve as a biometric modality for authentication and verification.

Corrigendum: Mathematical modeling in autoimmune diseases: from theory to clinical application.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.

Indocyanine green fluorescence-guided surgery in the emergency setting: the WSES international consensus position paper.

Background: Decision-making in emergency settings is inherently complex, requiring surgeons to rapidly evaluate various clinical, diagnostic, and environmental factors. The primary objective is to assess a patient's risk for adverse outcomes while balancing diagnoses, management strategies, and available resources. Recently, indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence imaging has emerged as a valuable tool to enhance surgical vision, demonstrating proven benefits in elective surgeries.

Validity and reliability of the arabic national nutrition plans checklist.

Numerous efforts have been directed toward promoting nutrition in Arab countries. Implementing national nutrition plans and strategies is essential for addressing a country's nutritional situation synergistically and cost-effectively. Many Arabic-speaking countries have developed national nutrition plans and/or strategies.

Global research trends and hotspots in the application of lasers for acne treatment from 1986 to 2022: bibliometric and visual analysis.

Conventional acne treatments are associated with side effects from medication and antibiotic resistance, leading to the search for alternative therapeutic modes of action, such as lasers. The considered bibliometric and visual analysis was designed to present the research publications related to the application of lasers in the treatment of acne from 1986 to 2022, identifying the trends and foremost contributing countries, institutions, and journals. The Scopus database was used to explore publications related to the use of lasers for the treatment of acne.

Nepenthes pitcher fluid for the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles with biofilm inhibition, anticancer and antioxidant properties.

This is the first report of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesis utilizing the pitcher secretion from an insectivorous plant, specifically Nepenthes ventrata, through a microwave assisted green synthesis approach. The successful formation of AgNPs was validated through a comprehensive set of analyses, including UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, DLS analysis and Zeta potential measurements. In addition gas chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry analyses were conducted to examine the components present in the pitcher secretion.

Identification and functional characterisation of a novel DNASE1L3 variant (c.572A>G, p.Asn191Ser) in three Emirati families with systemic lupus erythematosus and hypocomplementaemic urticarial vasculitis.

Objectives: To evaluate the functional impact of a novel variant (c.572A>G, p.Asn191Ser) in three families with SLE and hypocomplementaemic urticarial vasculitis (HUV) from the United Arab Emirates.

Mononuclear cell recruitment during extracorporeal photopheresis: Partial results of a phase 1/2 randomized clinical trial in multiple sclerosis.

Background: Despite the routine clinical use of extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) for the last decades, there has been no sufficient investigation on the intra-apheresis dynamics of mononuclear cells (MNCs).

Objective: This research aims to verify the "intra-apheresis recruitment" (IAR) of MNCs, which may be particularly useful in cases with low preapheresis MNC counts.

Methods: Prospective data of ECP procedures for patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) in the context of the PHOMS study (NCT05168384) were analyzed.

The awareness and knowledge of multiple sclerosis patients about their disease: A Lebanese cross-sectional study.

Background: Disease-related knowledge of people with multiple sclerosis (MS) can influence self-management, coping, treatment adherence, and clinical health outcomes. Studies assessing MS patients' knowledge are scarce.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the awareness and knowledge of Lebanese MS patients regarding their disease and identify the factors associated with poor knowledge.

Development and Validation of the "Basic Oral Health Assessment Tool" (BOHAT) for Nondental Health Care Professionals to Use With the Indian Adult Population: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Study.

Background: Oral health is a significant indicator of general health, well-being, and quality of life. The prevention of oral health problems requires periodic inspection of the oral cavity. Routine oral health examinations at the individual level appears to be one way to deliver quality oral health care but are too often missed as an opportunity for improved oral health in the nondental health care setting in India.

The composite governance mechanisms and sustainable economic performance of Pakistan's textile industry.

This study examines the influence of corporate governance mechanisms on the sustainable economic performance of the textile industry in Pakistan. Performance is measured by using a global reporting initiative (GRI 201-1), an economic performance approach. The composite corporate governance mechanism index (CGMI) construction consists of five sub-indices: board of directors, disclosure and transparency, audit committee, shareholder rights, and remuneration committee.

The Gut Microbiome and Colorectal Cancer: An Integrative Review of the Underlying Mechanisms.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. While the incidence and mortality of CRC have decreased overall due to better screening, rates in adults under 50 have risen. CRC can manifest as inherited syndromes (10%), familial clustering (20%), or sporadic forms (70%).

Stakeholders' Perceptions of Students with Disabilities Inclusion in Nursing Education in the United Arab Emirates.

The purpose of the study was to explore the perceptions of nursing education stakeholder of the inclusion of students with disabilities in nursing education programs in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and barriers to their inclusion. A sequential exploratory mixed-methods design was used. Data was collected using unstructured interviews and questionnaires.

Adsorption and Corrosion Inhibition Evaluation of Agro-Industrial Waste-Derived Sustainable Carbon Dots for Corrosion Protection of Q235 Steel in 5% HCl.

Nitrogen and sulfur codoped carbon dots (SB-CDs) were developed from sugar cane bagasse, an agro-industrial waste, and evaluated as an eco-friendly corrosion inhibitor for Q235B steel in HCl solution. The surface coverage of the adsorbed SB-CDs is strongly influenced by immersion time (6 and 72 h, both in static and dynamic conditions) and inhibitor concentration (20-200 mg/L). Maximum and uniform coverage is achieved with 150 mg/L SB-CDs.

Mechanistic Insights into Solvent-Mediated Halide-Specific Irreversible Transformation of Cu-MOF with Iodide Detection Capability.

The fascinating feature of metal-organic frameworks is that they can respond to external stimuli, unlike other inorganic materials. This feature corresponds to the framework's flexibility, which originates with the long-range crystalline order of the framework accompanied by cooperative structural transformability. We have synthesized a novel metal-organic framework comprised of Cu(I) nodes with pyrazine linkers and benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylate acting as template anions, named CUCAM-1 [Cu(Py)(BTC)].

Physiological and Neuromuscular Fatigue after 3-Minute Lateral Shuffle Movement at Different Speeds and Distances.

This study aimed to 1) investigate and compare physiological and neuromuscular fatigue after a 3-min lateral shuffle movement (LSM) at different speeds and distances, and 2) examine the relationship between the number of changes of direction (CODs) during LSM and fatigue-related variables. Twenty male college athletes (age: 20.9 ± 1.

Impact of dietary on performance, antioxidant status, carcass traits and pathological alteration in broilers exposed to ochratoxin A stress.

Introduction: This study examined the influence of , ochratoxin A (OTA), and their combination on growth, antioxidant status, liver and kidney functions, immunity, and carcass traits of broiler chickens.

Methods: 160 unsexed 1-day broiler chicks were divided into four treatment groups, each consisting of 4 replications of 10 chicks. The duration of this study was six weeks, during which the experimental groups were organized as follows: G1 consumed a basal diet (control), G2 consumed a basal diet treated with OTA at a level of 1 mg/kg of diet, G3 consumed a basal diet treated with at a level of 1 g/kg of diet, G4 consumed a basal diet treated with OTA at a level of 1 mg/kg of diet and at a level of 1 g/kg diet.

Elimination of hepatitis C in the Middle East: a narrative review of the efficacy of direct-acting antiviral therapies.

Background And Objective: Hepatitis C virus (HCV), is a major health concern in the Middle East. Recent advances in direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) have transformed the treatment of HCV. The DAA chosen depends on the HCV genotype (GT) responsible for the infection, presence of cirrhosis, and prior treatment attempts.