Cone beam CT (CBCT) in radiotherapy: Assessment of doses using a pragmatic setup in an international setting.

Introduction: The imaging modality kV CBCT on linear accelerators (linacs) is utilised to verify positioning and anatomy in cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy treatment. There is a need for optimisation of radiological protection in kV CBCT imaging protocols to avoid unnecessarily high exposures to normal tissues surrounding the target.

Methods: A network of ICRP mentees from 23 countries were surveyed for available dosimetry equipment.

Comparative evaluation of ultrasound-assisted extraction with other green extraction methods for sustainable recycling and processing of date palm bioresources and by-products: A review of recent research.

The global food waste crisis has significantly contributed to climate change, water pollution, and land degradation. Date palm waste, including seeds, fronds, and fruit pulp residues, represents a valuable source of bioactive compounds with potential applications in food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries. This study presents a comparative evaluation of ultrasound-assisted extraction and other novel extraction techniques, such as pressure-based extraction, pulsed electric fields, microwaves, and natural deep eutectic solvents, for recovering bioactive compounds from date palm waste.

Sleep irregularity is associated with night-time technology, dysfunctional sleep beliefs and subjective sleep parameters amongst female university students.

Sleep irregularity has been linked to multiple deleterious consequences in clinical populations or community adults and adolescents, but little is known about young adults. In this study, we explored the relationships between two measures of sleep regularity and a wide range of factors (lifestyle behaviors, subjective sleep, clinical outcomes, and academic performance) in a sample of female, university students in the United Arab Emirates. A total of 176 participants were recruited.

Cellulose-based 3D printing bio-inks for biomedical applications: A review.

Cellulose is the most ubiquitous polymer found in nature. In recent years, cellulose derivatives of various kinds, such as cellulose esters and ethers, and nanocelluloses, have become popular bioprintable materials used for making bio-inks because of their affordability, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and printability. Nevertheless, the potential uses of nanocellulose and cellulose derivative-based bio-inks have not been thoroughly explored.

Prediction of Poisson's ratio for a petroleum engineering application: Machine learning methods.

Static Poisson's ratio (νs) is an essential property used in petroleum calculations, namely fracture pressure (FP). The νs is often determined in the laboratory; however, due to time and cost constraints, quicker and cheaper alternatives are sought, such as data-driven models. However, existing methods lack the accuracy needed for critical applications, necessitating the need to explore more accurate methods.

Usage Trends and Data Sharing Practices of Healthcare Wearable Devices Among US Adults: Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Health care wearable devices can transform health care delivery by enabling real-time, continuous monitoring that facilitates early disease detection, personalized treatments, and improved patient engagement. The COVID-19 pandemic has heightened awareness of the importance of health technology, accelerating interest in wearables as tools for monitoring health and managing chronic conditions. As we navigate the postpandemic era, understanding the adoption and data-sharing behaviors associated with wearable devices has become increasingly critical.

Polypharmacology and Neuroprotective Effects of Gingerol in Alzheimer's Disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative condition that results in brain shrinkage and the death of brain cells. The search for new treatment agents with many targets is now crucial due to the insufficient effectiveness, and adverse effects, including pharmacokinetic issues of traditional AD medications. Although phytochemicals have anti-disease characteristics and thus are widely used and accepted by people, researchers have also determined some of their most beneficial functions.

Eosinophilic Salpingitis.

Chronic salpingitis presents with various inflammatory patterns due to different causes. Eosinophil-rich salpingitis is rare and primarily associated with parasitic infestations. We aim to report our findings of eosinophil-rich salpingitis in a series of women who presented with ruptured hemorrhagic ovarian corpus luteum cysts and tubal schistosomiasis accompanied by ectopic tubal pregnancies.

Society of Critical Care Medicine Guidelines for the Treatment of Heat Stroke.

Rationale: Predicted increases in heat-related weather phenomena will result in increasing heat exposures and heat injuries, like heat stroke. Prompt recognition, early intervention, and evidence-based management are necessary to optimize outcomes.

Objectives: The objective of these guidelines was to develop evidence-based recommendations for the treatment of patients with heat stroke.

Society of Critical Care Medicine Guidelines on Adult Critical Care Ultrasonography: Focused Update 2024.

Rationale: Critical care ultrasonography (CCUS) is rapidly evolving with new evidence being published since the prior 2016 guideline.

Objectives: To identify and assess the best evidence regarding the clinical outcomes associated with five CCUS applications in adult patients since the publication of the previous guidelines.

Panel Design: An interprofessional, multidisciplinary, and diverse expert panel of 36 individuals including two patient/family representatives was assembled via an intentional approach.

The Definition of the Intensivist in the Era of Global Healthcare: 2024 Consensus Statement From the Society of Critical Care Medicine Defining Intensivist Task Force.

Objectives: The goal of this task force was to examine the 1992 definition of the intensivist, identify gaps, and initiate a path forward to define a concise and practical definition that could be applied globally.

Design: A modified Delphi technique was used to develop a revised definition and roles of the intensivist. We determined a priori that 75% or greater participant agreement for the definition and essential roles of the intensivist was required.

Sensitivity to change of quadriceps and hamstrings muscle wearable electromyography outcomes during a professional soccer match.

Textile electromyography (EMG) was used to investigate neuromuscular activity during professional soccer matches, providing insights into performance optimization and injury prevention. This explorative study aimed to (1) describe the EMG activity of the quadriceps and hamstrings and (2) identify the metrics most sensitive to changes between the first and second half. Seven players (age: 23.

Preliminary validation of two math screening tools to identify gifted students in grades 3-5 in Jordan.

Introduction: Early screening for mathematically gifted students (MGSs) in Jordan and other Arab countries is limited, posing challenges in identifying and providing appropriate educational services. This study evaluates the validity and reliability of the Arabiya Calculation Test and Math Curriculum-Based Measurement (M-CBM) as tools for effectively screening and supporting MGSs in inclusive education settings. These tools were developed based on the Jordanian curriculum and international assessment tools and require further validation for use in other Arabic-speaking countries.

A comparative analysis of autograft choices of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction and their effects on muscle strength and joint biomechanics.

Introduction: Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) is crucial to restore knee stability and function after ACL injuries, especially in physically active individuals. Despite advances in surgical techniques and rehabilitation protocols, the choice of autograft has a significant impact on postoperative recovery, particularly on muscle strength and joint biomechanics. In this study, the effects of four autografts are investigated: Iliotibial band (ITB), combined ITB and hamstring tendon (ITB + HT), hamstring tendon (HT) and bone-tendon-bone (BTB) on quadriceps and hamstring peak torque (QPT and HPT) recovery and hamstring to quadriceps ratio (H:Q) to assess knee stability and function.

A structural genomics approach to investigate Dystrophin mutations and their impact on the molecular pathways of Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

Background: Dystrophin is a key protein encoded by the gene, serves as a scaffold linking the cytoskeleton to the extracellular matrix that plays a critical role in muscle contraction, relaxation, and structural integrity. Mutations, particularly single-point amino acid substitutions, can lead to dysfunctional Dystrophin, causing muscular dystrophies, with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) being the most severe form.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of 184 single-point amino acid substitutions on the structure and function of Dystrophin using computational approaches.

Immobilization of soybean peroxidase enzyme on hierarchical zeolite-ordered mesoporous carbon nanocomposite and its activity.

Immobilization of enzymes on inorganic supports such as silica and carbon materials is an effective approach for chemical surface modification. In this work, hierarchical zeolite (HZ-SAPO's) materials were fabricated by a modified method, and mesoporous carbon (CMK-3) was synthesized using the SBA-15 mesoporous silica as a template. A variety of biocatalysts was prepared using HZ-SAPO with CMK to furnish the nanocomposite biocatalyst.

A novel LC-MS/MS analysis of vitamin D metabolites in mice serum and hair: impact of diet and light exposure.

Introduction: Numerous physiological systems, such as the functioning of the immune system, bone health, and the regulation of expression of genes, depend critically on vitamin D. Considering the significance of vitamin D for health, it is critical to understand how it is metabolized and the factors that affect its levels.

Methods: The objective of this study was to develop and validate an LC-MS/MS method to examine the effects of light exposure and dietary vitamin D consumption on the levels of vitamin D and its metabolites in a mouse model under consistent growth conditions throughout the year.

The effects of a nutritional intervention on the sports nutrition knowledge and nutritional status of track and field athletes: protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Sports nutrition plays a crucial role in providing the fuel to meet the energy demands of athletes' training programmes, enhancing adaptations associated with training, and ensuring rapid recovery between workouts. However, evidence suggests that the dietary habits of many athletes are unsatisfactory when compared to sport-specific nutrition recommendations. This discrepancy is mainly due to a lack of up-to-date, evidence-based nutritional knowledge.

Validation of the Arabic version of the Gratitude Questionnaire (GQ-4) in a sample of non-clinical adults.

Background: Although gratitude is a culturally-sensitive construct, it has yet received limited research attention in Arab countries, hence hindering the understanding of its features, correlates, and cross-cultural specificities. To fill this gap, we sought to examine the psychometric properties of an Arabic translation of the 6-item Gratitude Questionnaire (GQ) in an Arabic-speaking sample of adults from the general population of Lebanon.

Method: We conducted a web-based survey including 601 participants (mean age 29.

Public perception on plastic pollution: a web-based study in Dhaka City, Bangladesh.

This study explores the attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control of Dhaka city residents toward plastic pollution, using the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) as a framework. A cross-sectional survey of 435 participants was conducted online, targeting adults (≥ 18 years) with internet access. The survey consisted of 10 items each for attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control, analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple regression to identify associations with sociodemographic factors such as age, education, and income.