Nanomedicine and Its Role in Surgical Wound Infections: A Practical Approach.

Surgical wound infections are a major cause of postoperative complications, contributing to surgical morbidity and mortality. With the rise of antibiotic-resistant pathogens, it is crucial to develop new innovative wound materials to manage surgical wound infections using methods that facilitate drug delivery agents and rely on materials other than antimicrobials. Nanoparticles, in particular, have captured researchers' interest in recent years due to their effectiveness in wound care.

Unraveling Elastic Fiber-Derived Signaling in Arterial Aging and Related Arterial Diseases.

Arterial stiffening is a significant risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension, atherosclerosis, and arteriopathy. The destruction of elastic fibers, accompanied by vascular inflammatory remodeling, is a key process in the progression of arterial stiffening and related pathologies. In young, healthy arteries, intact elastic fibers create a resilient microenvironment that maintains the quiescence of arterial cells.

COVID-19 infection is a significant risk factor for death in patients presenting with acute cholecystitis: a secondary analysis of the ChoCO-W cohort study.

Background: During the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, there has been a surge in cases of acute cholecystitis. The ChoCO-W global prospective study reported a higher incidence of gangrenous cholecystitis and adverse outcomes in COVID-19 patients. Through this secondary analysis of the ChoCO-W study data, we aim to identify significant risk factors for mortality in patients with acute cholecystitis during the COVID-19 pandemic, emphasizing the role of COVID-19 infection in patient outcomes and treatment efficacy.

A person-centered examination of adverse childhood experiences and associated distal health, mental health, and behavioral outcomes in the United Arab Emirates.

Background: An increasing body of evidence highlights the utility of examining adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) utilizing person-centered analytical approaches, particularly for understanding the organization and co-occurrence of ACEs, and their contributions to risk, vulnerability, and the development of intervention efforts.

Methods: In the first study of its kind, this paper uses Latent Class Analysis, to assess ACEs among a large community sample in Abu Dhabi, capital city of the United Arab Emirates, by examining patterns of ACEs and their associated impact on health, mental health, behavioral risk, and adult psychological function in a cross-sectional sample of 922 members of the Abu Dhabi community.

Results: Findings support a 3-class solution, representing low-to-no ACEs, Household ACEs, and Violence ACEs among this sample, with variability in the age, sex, and nationality status reflected across classes.

Effective cataract surgical and refractive error coverages in the state of Qatar.

Purpose: To evaluate the progress in Qatar's eye care since 2009, focusing on effective cataract surgical and refractive error coverages, leading to enhanced eye health strategies and action plans.

Methods: A modified Rapid Assessment of Avoidable Blindness (RAAB) survey was employed using multi-stage sampling in all persons 50 years and older in Qatar. The study focused on uncorrected refractive errors, cataract surgery coverage and effectiveness, and visual acuity assessment.

Translation and Validation of the Portuguese Version of the Rating-of-Fatigue Scale.

Background: The Rating-of-Fatigue (ROF) scale is a validated tool to measure changes in perceived fatigue in sports and everyday contexts; thus, this study aimed to translate and validate the Portuguese version of the ROF scale. For this, the study was composed of three phases. Phase 1 involved a comprehensive translation of the ROF scale into Portuguese, followed by a back-translation and a consolidation process to obtain the final version of the ROF scale in Portuguese.

Olea europaea L. cv. Nepal Leaf Extract Alleviates Dyslipidemia and Inflammation Related to Obesity in Rabbits: A Network Pharmacology Approach Revealing Effective Antihyperlipidemic Bioactive Compounds.

The current study investigated the effects of Olea europaea L. cv. Nepal (OEN) leaf extract on obesity-related disorders in rabbits.

Cardiopulmonary Echinococcus Infection.

Cystic echinococcosis (CE), a zoonotic infection caused by Echinococcus granulosus, primarily affects the liver and lungs. However, cardiac involvement is uncommon. This case report presents an unusual instance of heart involvement in a patient with CE.

Evaluating refrigeration and antibiotic treatment for maintaining urine electrophysiology.

Background: Electrophysiological analysis of urine has shown utility in differentiating between healthy and bladder cancer specimens, offering a rapid, label-free alternative to molecular methods. However, transporting and preserving urine samples from collection to the laboratory poses logistical challenges that could impact the reliability of electrophysiological measurements.

Objective: This study investigates the effects of prolonged refrigeration on the dielectric properties and ζ-potential of urine specimens and evaluate whether antibiotic treatment can enhance sample preservation without altering electrophysiological properties.

Injury Prevention Strategies in Female Football Players: Addressing Sex-Specific Risks.

There has been rapid growth in women's football worldwide; however, research on injury prevention strategies and physiological considerations specific to female athletes remains insufficient. Women's football has experienced an increase in injury prevalence, despite being underrepresented in sports literature, with less than 25% of research focused on this demographic. The incidence of injuries, particularly among young elite female footballers, is notably high, impacting long-term health outcomes such as osteoarthritis and contributing to shorter playing careers.

Separate and Combined Effects of Moderate-Intensity Exercise Training and Detraining with Protocatechuic Acid (PCA) on Myokines and Insulin-Signaling Pathways in Male Wistar Rats: A Preclinical Randomized Study.

: Exercise training positively modulates myokine secretion and improves glucose metabolism. Herein, we analyzed the effect of moderate-intensity training, detraining, and Protocatechuic Acid (PCA) supplementation on myokine secretions and regulation of insulin-signaling pathways. A five-arm study was conducted on 47 healthy male Wistar rats, trained at a moderate intensity level for four weeks (T0-T4).

The Potential Role of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells in Regeneration of Peripheral Nerves.

Peripheral nerve injuries are common complications in surgical and dental practices, often resulting in functional deficiencies and reduced quality of life. Current treatment choices, such as autografts, have limitations, including donor site morbidity and suboptimal outcomes. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) have shown assuring regenerative potential due to their accessibility, ease of harvesting and propagation, and multipotent properties.

Machine Learning-Based Approaches for Breast Density Estimation from Mammograms: A Comprehensive Review.

Breast cancer, as of 2022, is the most prevalent type of cancer in women. Breast density-a measure of the non-fatty tissue in the breast-is a strong risk factor for breast cancer that can be estimated from mammograms. The importance of studying breast density is twofold.

A Contemporary Multifaceted Insight into the Association Between Diabetes Mellitus and Diverticular Disease: An Update About Geriatric Syndrome.

Diverticular disease, once considered a rare geriatric gastrointestinal condition, has now become a prevalent disorder associated with increased morbidity and healthcare costs. The spectrum of complications from diverticular disease ranges from incidental findings to more serious issues such as bleeding and diverticulitis. Symptomatic diverticular disease represents a significant economic burden in the western world.

Clinical Evidence of the Use of Mepolizumab in the Treatment of Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps: A Prospective Observational Study.

: Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) poses significant therapeutic challenges. The introduction of Mepolizumab, an anti-interleukin-5 monoclonal antibody, offers a new therapeutic option for patients with severe, uncontrolled CRSwNP. This prospective observational study aims to assess the efficacy and safety of Mepolizumab for treating severe CRSwNP in Italy.

Adoption of Artificial Intelligence in Rehabilitation: Perceptions, Knowledge, and Challenges Among Healthcare Providers.

Background/objectives: The current literature reveals a gap in understanding how rehabilitation professionals, such as physical and occupational therapists, perceive and prepare to implement artificial intelligence (AI) in their practices. Therefore, we conducted a cross-sectional observational study to assess the perceptions, knowledge, and willingness of rehabilitation healthcare providers to implement AI in practice.

Methods: This study was conducted in Saudi Arabia, with data collected from 430 physical therapy professionals via an online SurveyMonkey questionnaire between January and March 2024.

Orthodontic Management of Different Stages and Grades of Periodontitis According to the 2017 Classification of Periodontal Diseases.

The 2017 Periodontal Classification offers a comprehensive framework for the diagnosis and management of periodontitis based on staging and grading criteria. Orthodontic therapy is increasingly incorporated into the management of periodontitis to rectify malocclusion, pathological tooth migration, and occlusal stability. Nonetheless, few data directly correspond with this revised classification scheme.

Comparative Analysis of Whitening Outcomes of Over-the-Counter Toothpastes: An In Vitro Study.

: Whiter teeth are widely accepted as the most beautiful. With the growing demand for whiter teeth, several manufacturers have launched different brands of whitening toothpaste claiming to be effective in removing tooth stains and whitening teeth. The objective of this in vitro study was to evaluate and compare the whitening effect of eight over-the-counter available toothpastes by measuring the changes in color using a digital colorimeter in a simulated staining-brushing cycle model.

The Impact of Ozone on Periodontal Cell Line Viability and Function.

Periodontal diseases, including gingivitis and periodontitis, are chronic inflammatory conditions of the teeth' supporting structures that can lead to progressive tissue destruction and loss if left untreated. Basic treatments like scaling and root planing, alone or combined with antimicrobial agents, are the standard of care. However, with the increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance and the need for new ideas in therapy, adjunctive treatments like ozone therapy have gained attention.

Assessment of contraceptive use and side effects among women in five countries across the Middle East: a cross-sectional study.

Purpose: Contraceptive use and associated adverse effects are underreported in the Middle East. This study aimed to investigate contraceptive use and reported side effects in five Middle Eastern countries.

Methods: This study, conducted over eight weeks in the UAE, Egypt, Jordan, Syria, and Iraq, utilized an online closed-ended structured questionnaire to extract the study information.

Echoes of isolation: Exploring Arab family perspectives and health care providers' reflections in ICU settings during critical care.

Background: Families are reporting loss of interactions and communication in response to restrict isolation measures. Other tangible losses include income, access to resources, engagement, involvement in decision-making process and other planned activities. Listening to families' needs, concerns and say has been identified as one of the most important and least accomplished health care providers' roles in the intensive care units (ICUs).

Unfurling the Potential of Antiviral Agents Aimed for RNA Virus Ailment.

Globally, high mortality is brought on by RNA viruses, which are linked to chronic human disorders. Viruses dominate the WHO's current ranking of the top 10 global health hazards, especially RNA viruses. RNA viruses, like HIV, SARS-CoV-2, and influenza, which are among the most prevalent and frequently encountered RNA viruses, use RNA as their genetic material, making them prone to quick changes.

The Outcomes of A Multifaceted Educational Intervention to Reduce Moral Distress Among Critical Care Nurses.

Aim: To measure the outcome of the implementation of a multifaceted educational intervention on the impact of moral distress among critical care nurses.

Background: The complex nature of critical care settings exaggerates different morally distressing situations that require ongoing development of interventions to mitigate the impact of moral distress. Despite the availability of research that has addressed moral distress among nurses in the literature, there is a debate about the effectiveness of the applied interventions in reducing moral distress.

Gitelman syndrome presenting with lower limb paralysis: a case report.

Background: Gitelman syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder that affects the distal convoluted tubules of the kidneys. It often manifests through various symptoms, including muscle weakness, paresthesia, fatigue, or paralysis. Owing to the scarcity of case reports regarding Gitelman syndrome in the Middle East and North Africa region, it is imperative to spread awareness about this syndrome for prompt diagnosis.