Engineering for l-Threonine Hyperproduction Based on Multidimensional Optimization Strategies.

Exploring effective remodeling strategies to further improve the productivity of high-yield strains is the goal of biomanufacturing. However, the lack of insight into host-specific metabolic networks prevents timely identification of useful engineering targets. Here, multidimensional engineering strategies were implemented to optimize the global metabolic network for improving l-threonine production.

DSC-Net: Enhancing Blind Road Semantic Segmentation with Visual Sensor Using a Dual-Branch Swin-CNN Architecture.

In modern urban environments, visual sensors are crucial for enhancing the functionality of navigation systems, particularly for devices designed for visually impaired individuals. The high-resolution images captured by these sensors form the basis for understanding the surrounding environment and identifying key landmarks. However, the core challenge in the semantic segmentation of blind roads lies in the effective extraction of global context and edge features.

Vehicle detection and classification using an ensemble of EfficientDet and YOLOv8.

With the rapid increase in vehicle numbers, efficient traffic management has become a critical challenge for society. Traditional methods of vehicle detection and classification often struggle with the diverse characteristics of vehicles, such as varying shapes, colors, edges, shadows, and textures. To address this, we proposed an innovative ensemble method that combines two state-of-the-art deep learning models EfficientDet and YOLOv8.

LESA-Net: Semantic segmentation of multi-type road point clouds in complex agroforestry environment.

Point-cloud semantic segmentation is a visual task essential for agricultural robots to comprehend natural agroforestry environments. However, owing to the extremely large amount of point-cloud data in agroforestry environments, learning effective features for semantic segmentation from large-scale point clouds is challenging. Therefore, to address this issue and achieve accurate semantic segmentation of different types of road-surface point clouds in large-scale agroforestry environments, this study proposes a point-cloud semantic segmentation network framework based on double-distance self-attention.

Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis YLGB-1496-Toxicological evaluation.

Bifidobacterium infantis YLGB-1496, originally isolated from breast milk from a Taiwanese mother, is under study for use as a probiotic. As part of safety assessment, an Ames, in vivo mouse micronucleus, and in vivo mouse spermatocyte chromosome aberration assay were conducted along with a 13-week oral rat toxicity study. B.

Students' perception of the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in pharmacy school.

Introduction: The increasing adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) among college students, particularly in pharmacy education, raises ethical concerns and prompts debates on responsible usage. The promise of the potential to reduce workload is met with concerns of accuracy issues, algorithmic bias, and the lack of AI education and training. This study aims to understand pharmacy students' perspectives on the use of AI in pharmacy education.

High photocatalytic efficiency of a ZnO nanoplate/FeO nanospindle hybrid using visible light for methylene blue degradation.

In this work, ZnO nanoplates and FeO nanospindles were successfully fabricated a simple hydrothermal method using inorganic salts as precursors. The ZnO/FeO hybrid was fabricated using a mechanical mixture of two different ZnO : FeO weight ratios to investigate the effect of weight ratio on catalytic properties. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images showed that ZnO nanoplates (NPls) are about 20 nm thick with lateral dimensions of 100 × 200 nm, and FeO nanospindles (NSs) are about 500 nm long and 50 nm wide.

Biodegradable magnesium based metal materials inhibit the growth of cervical cancer cells.

Traditional chemotherapy drugs for cervical cancer often cause significant toxic side effects and drug resistance problems, highlighting the urgent need for more innovative and effective treatment strategies. Magnesium alloy is known to be degradable and biocompatible. The release of degradation products Mg, OH, and H from magnesium alloy can alter the tumor microenvironment, providing potential anti-tumor properties.

Artificial Neural Network Model for Predicting Mechanical Strengths of Economical Ultra-High-Performance Concrete Containing Coarse Aggregates: Development and Parametric Analysis.

Ultra-high-performance concrete with coarse aggregates (UHPC-CA) has the advantages of high strength, strong shrinkage resistance and a lower production cost, presenting a broad application prospect in civil engineering construction. In view of the difficulty in establishing a mathematical model to accurately predict the mechanical properties of UHPC-CA, the back-propagation artificial neural network (BP-ANN) method is used to fully consider the various influential factors of the compressive strength (CS) and flexural strength (FS) of UHPC-CA in this paper. By taking the content of cement (C), silica fume (SF), slag, fly ash (FA), coarse aggregate (CA), steel fiber, the water-binder ratio (), the sand rate (SR), the cement type (CT), and the curing method (CM) as input variables, and the CS and FS of UHPC-CA as output objectives, the BP-ANN model with three layers has been well-trained, validated and tested with 220 experimental data in the studies published in the literature.

Oral Yak Whey Protein Can Alleviate UV-Induced Skin Photoaging and Modulate Gut Microbiota Composition.

Excessive UV exposure can lead to skin roughness, wrinkles, pigmentation, and reduced elasticity, with severe cases potentially causing skin cancer. Nowadays, various anti-photoaging strategies have been developed to maintain skin health. Among them, dietary supplements with anti-photoaging properties are gaining increasing attention.

Evidence for Regulation of Cordycepin Biosynthesis by Transcription Factors Krüppel-Like Factor 4 and Retinoid X Receptor Alpha in Caterpillar Medicinal Mushroom Cordyceps militaris (Ascomycetes).

Cordyceps militaris, Chinese traditional medicinal fungus, has many bioactive properties. Cordycepin (3'-deoxyadenosine) is a major bioactive component of C. militaris.

Influence and progress of tea pigment research: A comprehensive analysis of application of bibliometrics.

Tea pigment, as a natural pigment component in tea, has attracted much attention because of its unique health benefits. In recent years, with the deepening of scientific research, the research on biological activity, extraction technology and application of tea pigment has made remarkable progress. Through systematic bibliometrics analysis, this paper comprehensively combs and evaluates the research status of tea pigment.

Rapid prototyping of perfusion cell culture devices for three-dimensional imaging of mesenchymal stem cell deposition and proliferation.

Perfusion of porous scaffolds transports cells to the surface to yield cellular constructs for 3D models of disease and for tissue engineering applications. While ceramic scaffolds mimic the structure and composition of trabecular bone, their opacity and tortuous pores limit the penetration of light into the interior. Scaffolds that are both perfusable and amenable to fluorescence microscopy are therefore needed to visualize the spatiotemporal dynamics of cells in the bone microenvironment.

The unmanned vehicle on-ramp merging model based on AM-MAPPO algorithm.

In response to the issues of low merging success rates and poor safety in the on-ramp merging scenario within autonomous driving, we propose an on-ramp merging model for unmanned vehicles based on the Multi-Agent Proximal Policy Optimization (MAPPO) algorithm. Firstly, we introduce an Action-Mask (AM) to prevent the sampling of invalid actions during merging, thus enhancing safety by ensuring only valid actions are considered. Secondly, we incorporate noise advantage values to encourage unmanned vehicles to thoroughly explore the environment and avoid being trapped in local optimal solutions.

The relationship between peer support and sleep quality among Chinese college students: the mediating role of physical exercise atmosphere and the moderating effect of eHealth literacy.

Background: Poor sleep quality has emerged as a prevalent health issue among college students. This study aims to explore the mechanism of sleep quality among college students by constructing a moderated mediation model.

Methods: The Peer Support Scale, Physical Exercise Atmosphere Scale, eHealth Literacy Scale and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index were used to conduct a survey and analysis on 1,085 questionnaires, which were distributed among students from four universities in the northwest, northeast and central regions of China.

Effects of leaf extract on xanthine oxidase and chronic kidney disease induced by adenine in rats.

The aim of this study was to explore the uric acid-lowering effect and renal protective effect of leaf extract (EULE). The results of xanthine oxidase inhibition assay showed EULE exhibited a high inhibition rate similar to that of allopurinol, with an IC value of 1.53 mg/mL.

Spore germination and lactic acid combined treatment: A new processing strategy for the shelf-life extension of instant wet noodles.

Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (BAM) was identified as the predominant spoilage bacteria in instant wet noodles (IWNs). The utilization of industrial acid treatment as a long shelf-life strategy resulted in reduced consumer acceptance due to the acidic taste of the products. This study proposed a processing strategy that integrated spore germination (SG) and lactic acid (LA) treatment to effectively reduce the spore survival rate and extend the shelf life of IWNs.

The metabolic pathways of carbon assimilation and polyhydroxyalkanoate production by Rhodospirillum rubrum in response to different atmospheric fermentation.

The purple nonsulfur bacteria, Rhodospirillum rubrum, is recognized as a potential strain for PHAs bioindustrial processes since they can assimilate a broad range of carbon sources, such as syngas, to allow reduction of the production costs. In this study, we comparatively analyzed the biomass and PHA formation behaviors of R. rubrum under 100% CO and 50% CO gas atmosphere and found that pure CO promoted the PHA synthesis (PHA content up to 23.

How Parental Mediation and Parental Phubbing Affect Preschool Children's Screen Media Use: A Response Surface Analysis.

Parental mediation (PM) and parental phubbing (PP) are two pivotal factors that influence children's screen media use. This study used response surface analysis to examine the combined effect of PM and PP on screen time among preschool children. A total of 3,445 parents with preschool-aged children participated in this study, providing self-reported data on PM, PP, and their children's screen time (CST).

Immunogenic profiling of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Rv1513 reveals its ability to switch on Th1 based immunity.

Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the infectious diseases caused by the pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis that continuously threatens the global human health. Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine is the only vaccine that has been used clinically to prevent tuberculosis in recent centuries, but its limitations in preventing latent infection and reactivation of tuberculosis do not provide full protection. In this study, we selected the membrane-associated antigen Rv1513 of Mycobacterium.