Reactions of Tetracyanoethylene with Aliphatic and Aromatic Amines and Hydrazines and Chemical Transformations of Tetracyanoethylene Derivatives.

The significant synthetic potential and reactivity of tetracyanoethylene (TCNE) have captured the interest of numerous chemical communities. One of the most promising, readily achievable, yet least explored pathways for the reactivity of TCNE involves its interaction with arylamines. Typically, the reaction proceeds via tricyanovinylation (TCV); however, deviations from the standard chemical process have been observed in some instances.

[Intrathecal baclofen therapy: a 30-year experience].

Background: The first pump for intrathecal administration of baclofen was implanted in 1984. Over thirty years, intrathecal prolonged infusion of muscle relaxants has occupied a worthy niche among all methods for correction of non-focal drug-resistant disabling muscle spasticity. However, this method has not become routine despite high awareness of specialists in Russia and abroad, as well as undeniable advantages for restoring the daily activity, improving the walking pattern and providing care and quality of life in people with limited mobility.

Synthesis of the first 4-oxobutane-1,1,2,2-tetracarbonitriles containing a phenol fragment and their transformation into cyano-substituted pyrrol-2-ones showing three-position molecular switching.

The first example of the synthesis of 4-oxobutane-1,1,2,2-tetracarbonitriles (OTCs) containing a phenolic moiety has been described. The synthesis is based on the reaction between tetracyanoethylene and 4-hydroxyphenyl-substituted ketones under mild conditions. Due to the presence of a phenolic hydroxyl group, these compounds are more functionalized derivatives of the well-known OTC substrates used for diversity-oriented synthesis (DOS).

[Prevention and treatment of venous thromboembolic complications in orthopedic patients].

Objective: To analyze the comprehensive program for prevention of thromboembolic complications in orthopedic patients.

Material And Methods: We have analyzed thromboembolic complications in orthopedic patients after surgeries on large joints over the past 5 years (2018-2022).

Conclusion: A comprehensive approach to prevention and treatment of thromboembolic complications including ultrasound, early surgical prevention of pulmonary embolism can significantly improve postoperative outcomes after joint replacement surgery.

The Recycling of Substandard Rocket Fuel N,N-Dimethylhydrazine via the Involvement of Its Hydrazones Derived from Glyoxal, Acrolein, Metacrolein, Crotonaldehyde, and Formaldehyde in Organic Synthesis.

"Heptil" (unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine-UDMH) is extensively employed worldwide as a propellant for rocket engines. However, UDMH constantly loses its properties as a result of its continuous and uncontrolled absorption of moisture, which cannot be rectified. This situation threatens its long-term usability.

[PUBLIC AWARENESS ABOUT INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY, ITS CAUSES AND EFFECTIVENESS OF INTERVENTIONS BY SPECIALISTS].

Unlabelled: The purpose of the study is to analyze perception of the adult population about intellectual disability (ID), its causes and effectiveness of specialist interventions.

Material And Methods: 1119 people were interviewed (men - 441, women - 678) aged 18 to 85 years (mean age - 34.3 ± 14.

[Risk factors of adverse long-term consequences of tibial shaft fractures in children].

Objective: To analyze leg length discrepancy and overgrowth after tibial shaft fractures in children.

Material And Methods: We analyzed medical records of 103 patients younger 14 years old with tibial shaft fractures between January 2003 and November 2018. Treatment included plastering and insertion of titanium elastic nail.

The influence of social and medical factors on the quality of life in elderly and senile people.

The object of the study was senile people, who sought dental orthopedic care in municipal healthcare institutions of the town of Cheboksary, the Chuvash Republic. The sample size was 1 000 people. The obtained quantitative indicators were subjected to statistical processing using parametric and nonparametric statistical methods.

[The health of children of adolescent age delivered on time with light and large body mass].

The need to preserve and promote health of children determine one of the basic directions of development of public social policy. It is the most important strategic purpose of modern children health care, since from it depend health of the nation, increasing of life expectancy and national economic potential.Purpose of the study is to assess health status of children of adolescent age born at term with diagnosis "fetus with low birth weight for gestational age" and with large body mass.

Effect of a Substituent in the Fourth Position on the Optical Properties of 2-Oxonicotinonitriles.

Based on six representatives of 2-oxonicotinonitriles, the effect of the nature of the substituent in the fourth position of the pyridine system on the photophysical characteristics was studied. The role of the donor/acceptor nature of the substituent and the solvent nature in the absorbing and fluorescent properties of the compounds was shown.

[Testosterone and Alzheimer's disease].

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease that causes dementia in half of the cases. Asthma is usually found in people over 65 years of age. The etiopathogenesis of the disease is multifactorial and includes genetic factors, nutritional disorders, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and aging.

[A rare case of multifocal leukoencephalopathy and cerebral stroke after SARS-CoV-2 infection].

A case of the development of multifocal leukoencephalopathy and hemorrhage after infection with SARS-CoV-2 in a female patient with Alzheimer's disease, aged 67 years, is described. The patient was hospitalized by an ambulance. Computed tomography (CT) of the brain showed the signs of cerebral infarction in the basin of the left middle cerebral artery with hemorrhagic transformation, multiple low-density foci that do not accumulate contrast in the white matter of the brain, the presence of sickle-shaped lesions in the cerebellum.

[Combined chemoreflexes of the vertebral arteries zone on the systemic arterial pressure, cerebral and infra-aural blood circulation in the experiment].

Objective: To study reflexes coming from the chemoreceptors in the humoral-isolated vertebral artery zone on systemic arterial pressure, cerebral and intra-ear hemodynamics in separate stimulation with angioprotectors.

Results: A more pronounced reflex depression of the above-described effectors was caused by Nicergoline, it was less pronounced when using Vinpocetine and Pentoxifylline. Correlation analysis in doing so of the dynamics of arterio-venular coefficient of bulbar conjunctiva vessels and the membrane of the ears labyrinth round window revealed a direct relationship.

[The case of the development of ischemic stroke and cerebral edema after SARS-COV-2 infection in a patient with discirculatory encephalopathy and concomitant schizophrenia].

The article presents a case of ischemic stroke after SARS-CoV-2 infection in a patient with dyscirculatory encephalopathy and schizophrenia. Patient 44 years old, was hospitalized due to a confirmed diagnosis of a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) and diagnosed bilateral pneumonia with a damage to 65% of the lung parenchyma. The patient has a history of dyscirculatory encephalopathy and paranoid schizophrenia, a continuous type of course.

First thermal studies on visible-light-switchable negative T-type photochromes of a nitrile-rich series.

Representatives of visible-light-switchable nitrile-rich negative T-type photochromes (NRP) were synthesized. The temperature effect on the thermal relaxation of the photoinduced form of NRP was studied for the first time. It was found that regardless the temperature the reverse thermal reaction in ethanol and 1,4-dioxane proceeded according to a first-order kinetic equation, while an unusual pseudo-zero order of the dark reaction was observed in acetonitrile.

Megakaryocytes of the Spleen in Experimental Amyloidosis and Effect of Red Wine.

Amyloidosis was modeled in young mice by administration of aqueous solution of soy cream substitute and then, amyloidogenesis was corrected by oral administration of dry red wine. In mice with amyloidosis, the area of megakaryocytes decreased by 1.69 times, the relative content of oxyphilic forms of megakaryocytes increased by 4.

Wavelets and digital filters designed and synthesized in the time and frequency domains.

The relevance of the problem under study is due to the fact that the comparison is made for wavelets constructed in the time and frequency domains. The wavelets constructed in the time domain include all discrete wavelets, as well as continuous wavelets based on derivatives of the Gaussian function. This article discusses the possibility of implementing algorithms for multiscale analysis of one-dimensional and two-dimensional signals with the above-mentioned wavelets and wavelets constructed in the frequency domain.

Features of the immunological profile of blood and urine in patients with post-infectious glomerulonephritis.

The timely diagnosis and treatment of post-infectious glomerulonephritis (PIGN) is currently limited by the erased and low-symptom nature of the disease, which leads to the search for informative biological markers of the disease, which can be used as immunological indicators of blood and urine. The study was carried out in order to establish the characteristic changes in the immunological parameters of blood and urine in patients with PIGN. The study included 60 patients with PIGN from among the patients, hospitalized in the nephrology department of the Republican Clinical Hospital of Health Care Ministry of the Chuvash Republic in 2015-2018.

Effect of Bone Marrow Autotransplantation on the Numerical Population of Tryptase-Positive Mast Cells, Heparin Sulfation Degree, and Histamine Content.

We studied the effect of bone marrow autotransplantation on the morphofunctional properties and numerical population of mast cells. The experiments were performed on 4-monthold male mice. The animals received an injection of a suspension of bone marrow obtained from the femoral epiphyses of these animals into the caudal vein.

[Risk factors for obstructive sleep apnea in socio-demographic groups of the population of Chuvashia].

Objective: To study risk factors (RF) of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) in the socio-demographic groups of the population of Chuvashia.

Materials And Methods: An anonymous survey included 2161 residents of Chuvashia (1007 men, 1154 women), aged from 18 to 70 years, average 36.5±13.

Preparation and Characterization of a Flexible rGO-PTFE Film for a Supercapacitor Current Collector.

A mixture of water suspensions of graphene oxide (GO) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) was used to make the films GO-PTFE (50:50). They became conductive (2.0-2.

Hepatic Mast Cells in Mice with Experimental Amyloidosis.

We studied the response of mast cells in mouse liver to experimental amyloidosis modeled by administration of aqueous solution of soy cream substitute and its correction by spontaneous dry red wine intake per os. Mast cells in mice with amyloidosis and intact mice were presented by α-ortho- and β-metachromatic non-degranulating forms. In mice with amyloidosis, the relative content of β1-metachromatic mast cells in the capsule and parenchyma of the liver was by 1.

Effects of Bone Marrow Autotransplantation on the Bone Marrow Neurotransmitter Structures.

Morphological structures involved in local regulation of tissue processes and the neurotransmitters they produce are assumed to play an important role in the pathogenesis of oncological diseases. We studied the dynamics of neurotransmitter cell counts and distribution of catecholamines and serotonin in them and analyzed proliferative activity of hemopoietic cells in the bone marrow of mice after bone marrow autotransplantation. The bone marrow of male mice was studied by fluorescent and immunohistochemical methods after injection of the bone marrow from the same mouse into the caudal vein.

['Point of no return' in diabetic neuropathies: a dangerous delusion].

Polyneuropathy in patients with diabetes mellitus is manifested by a lesion of peripheral sensory, motor and autonomic nervous system. Different severity of damage of sensory, motor and autonomic fibers in typical and atypical forms of diabetic polyneuropathy, requires a differentiated approach to therapy, but not the rejection of its implementation. In an interdisciplinary consensus, consultations are held with physicians from different regions of the Russian Federation, and modern methods of diagnosing and assessing the severity of diabetic polyneuropathies, which determine the algorithm for treating patients, are discussed.

[On patterns of human height distributions relative to the specific length of the foot].

The purpose of the study is to clarify the patterns of distribution of height measurements relative to a specific length of a foot in humans, in order to use them for more accurate and reliable determination of body length (height). 15,892 people of mixed population (9814 men and 6078 women of 49 nationalities) aged from 20 to 50 years were examined. Their heights and their foot lengths were measured, and the coefficients of the ratios were calculated.