Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose as an Integral Part in the Management of People with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

For decades, self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) has been considered a cornerstone of adequate diabetes management. Structured SMBG can follow different monitoring patterns, and it results in improved glycemic control, reduced hypoglycemia, and a better quality of life of people with diabetes. The technology, usability, and accuracy of SMBG systems have advanced markedly since their introduction a few decades ago.

Patch Pumps: What are the advantages for people with diabetes?

Aim: Patch pumps, i.e. insulin pumps without tubing, are an attractive alternative to conventional insulin pumps for people with type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes on insulin therapy.

[Analytical Quality of Glucose Measurements in Germany].

The measurement quality of systems used for determination of glucose concentrations has to be sufficiently high to obtain measurement results that are reliable in a clinical context regarding the intended use (e. g., diabetes diagnosis and monitoring).

Oriented Growth of Thin Films of Covalent Organic Frameworks with Large Single-Crystalline Domains on the Water Surface.

It has been a longstanding challenge to rationally synthesize thin films of organic two-dimensional (2D) crystals with large single-crystalline domains. Here, we present a general strategy for the creation of 2D crystals of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) on the water surface, assisted by a charged polymer. The morphology of the preorganized monomers underneath the charged polymer on the water surface and their diffusion were crucial for the formation of the organic 2D crystals.

A macrophage-hepatocyte glucocorticoid receptor axis coordinates fasting ketogenesis.

Fasting metabolism and immunity are tightly linked; however, it is largely unknown how immune cells contribute to metabolic homeostasis during fasting in healthy subjects. Here, we combined cell-type-resolved genomics and computational approaches to map crosstalk between hepatocytes and liver macrophages during fasting. We identified the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) as a key driver of fasting-induced reprogramming of the macrophage secretome including fasting-suppressed cytokines and showed that lack of macrophage GR impaired induction of ketogenesis during fasting as well as endotoxemia.

[The new Parkinson's disease pain classification system (PD-PCS)].

Background: Chronic pain is a common non-motor symptom in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD).

Aim: To facilitate the diagnosis of pain in PD, we developed a new classification system the Parkinson's disease pain classification system (PD-PCS) and translated the corresponding validated questionnaire into German.

Methods: A causal relationship of the respective pain syndrome with PD can be determined by four questions before assigning it hierarchically into one of three pain categories (neuropathic, nociceptive and nociplastic).

Induction chemoimmunotherapy followed by CD8+ immune cell-based patient selection for chemotherapy-free radioimmunotherapy in locally advanced head and neck cancer.

Purpose: The first aim of the trial is to study feasibility of combined programmed death protein ligand 1/cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 inhibition concomitant to radiotherapy. In addition, efficacy of the entire treatment scheme consisting of induction chemoimmunotherapy followed by chemotherapy-free radioimmunotherapy (RIT) after intratumoral CD8 +immune cell-based patient selection will be analyzed.

Methods: Patients with stage III-IVB head and neck squamous cell carcinoma were eligible for this multicenter phase II trial.

Utility of the Repeat and Point Test for Subtyping Patients With Primary Progressive Aphasia.

Background: Primary progressive aphasia (PPA) may present with three distinct clinical sybtypes: semantic variant PPA (svPPA), nonfluent/agrammatic variant PPA (nfvPPA), and logopenic variant PPA (lvPPA).

Objective: The aim was to examine the utility of the German version of the Repeat and Point (R&P) Test for subtyping patients with PPA.

Method: During the R&P Test, the examiner reads out aloud a noun and the participants are asked to repeat the word and subsequently point to the corresponding picture.

Quantum computational advantage via high-dimensional Gaussian boson sampling.

Photonics is a promising platform for demonstrating a quantum computational advantage (QCA) by outperforming the most powerful classical supercomputers on a well-defined computational task. Despite this promise, existing proposals and demonstrations face challenges. Experimentally, current implementations of Gaussian boson sampling (GBS) lack programmability or have prohibitive loss rates.

The Association between Treatment Modality, Lipid Profile, Metabolic Control in Children with Type 1 Diabetes and Celiac Disease-Data from the International Sweet Registry.

Background And Aims: A higher frequency of dyslipidemia is reported in children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and celiac disease (CD). Recently, continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) has been associated with better lipid profiles in patients with T1D. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between treatment modality and lipid profile, metabolic control, and body mass index (BMI)-SDS in children with both T1D and CD.

Formation mechanism of Ruddlesden-Popper faults in compressive-strained ABO perovskite superlattices.

Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) faults have emerged as a promising candidate for defect engineering in epitaxial ABO perovskites. Functionalities could be fine-tuned by incorporating RP faults into ABO thin films and superlattices. However, due to the lattice expansion at AO-AO interfaces, it is generally believed that RP faults are only energetically favorable under tensile strain.

Is there evidence behind pre- or perioperative cognitive training in gynaecological patients on the prevention of perioperative cognitive dysfunction? A review.

Purpose: Perioperative cognitive dysfunction can be observed in all age groups of patients. Sometimes, this is more stressful to the patient than the actual surgical wound. Enhanced recovery after surgery pathways screen for patients at risk and lead to early post-surgical intervention.

Performance of intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring systems in people with type 1 diabetes: A pooled analysis.

Aims: To conduct a pooled analysis to assess the performance of intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring (isCGM) in association with the rate of change in sensor glucose in a cohort of children, adolescents, and adults with type 1 diabetes.

Material And Methods: In this pooled analysis, isCGM system accuracy was assessed depending on the rate of change in sensor glucose. Clinical studies that have been investigating isCGM accuracy against blood glucose, accompanied with collection time points were included in this analysis.

SU(2) hadrons on a quantum computer via a variational approach.

Quantum computers have the potential to create important new opportunities for ongoing essential research on gauge theories. They can provide simulations that are unattainable on classical computers such as sign-problem afflicted models or time evolutions. In this work, we variationally prepare the low-lying eigenstates of a non-Abelian gauge theory with dynamically coupled matter on a quantum computer.

Convergence Rates for the Quantum Central Limit Theorem.

Various quantum analogues of the central limit theorem, which is one of the cornerstones of probability theory, are known in the literature. One such analogue, due to Cushen and Hudson, is of particular relevance for quantum optics. It implies that the state in any single output arm of an -splitter, which is fed with copies of a centred state with finite second moments, converges to the Gaussian state with the same first and second moments as .

DYW domain structures imply an unusual regulation principle in plant organellar RNA editing catalysis.

RNA editosomes selectively deaminate cytidines to uridines in plant organellar transcripts-mostly to restore protein functionality and consequently facilitate mitochondrial and chloroplast function. The RNA editosomal pentatricopeptide repeat proteins serve target RNA recognition, whereas the intensively studied DYW domain elicits catalysis. Here we present structures and functional data of a DYW domain in an inactive ground state and activated.

AGO Algorithms for the Treatment of Breast Cancer: Update 2021.

Therapy options shown in the algorithms are based on the current AGO recommendations, but cannot represent all evidence-based treatment options, since prior therapies, performance status, comorbidities, patient preference, etc. must be taken into account for the actual treatment choice. In individual cases, other evidence-based treatment options may also be appropriate and justified.

Viologen-Immobilized 2D Polymer Film Enabling Highly Efficient Electrochromic Device for Solar-Powered Smart Window.

Electrochromic devices (ECDs) have emerged as a unique class of optoelectronic devices for the development of smart windows. However, current ECDs typically suffer from low coloration efficiency (CE) and high energy consumption, which have thus hindered their practical applications, especially as components in solar-powered EC windows. Here, the high-performance ECDs with a fully crystalline viologen-immobilized 2D polymer (V2DP) thin film as the color-switching layer is demonstrated.

[Frailty in renal diseases].

The term frailty describes a complex syndrome of reduced resistance to stress factors as a consequence of age-related degeneration in various organ systems.In the general population frailty is associated with poor clinical outcomes, including an increased risk of falls, hospitalization, functional impairment and mortality. Frailty occurs earlier and its prevalence is higher in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) compared to the general population.

Diffractive Guiding of Waves by a Periodic Array of Slits.

We show that in order to guide waves, it is sufficient to periodically truncate their edges. The modes supported by this type of wave guide propagate freely between the slits, and the propagation pattern repeats itself. We experimentally demonstrate this general wave phenomenon for two types of waves: (i) plasmonic waves propagating on a metal-air interface that are periodically blocked by nanometric metallic walls, and (ii) surface gravity water waves whose evolution is recorded, the packet is truncated, and generated again to show repeated patterns.

Heterogeneity of Access to Diabetes Technology Depending on Area Deprivation and Demographics Between 2016 and 2019 in Germany.

Background: Despite increasing use of technology in type 1 diabetes, persistent ethnic and socio-economic disparities have been reported. We analyzed how the use of insulin pump therapy and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) evolved over the years in Germany depending on demographics and area deprivation.

Method: We investigated the use of insulin pump and CGM between 2016 and 2019 in 37,798 patients with type 1 diabetes aged < 26 years from the German Prospective Follow-up Registry (DPV).

Endometrial Cancer Lymphadenectomy Trial (ECLAT) (pelvic and para-aortic lymphadenectomy in patients with stage I or II endometrial cancer with high risk of recurrence; AGO-OP.6).

Background: The impact of comprehensive pelvic and para-aortic lymphadenectomy on survival in patients with stage I or II endometrial cancer with a high risk of recurrence is not reliably documented. The side effects of this procedure, including lymphedema and lymph cysts, are evident.

Primary Objective: Evaluation of the effect of comprehensive pelvic and para-aortic lymphadenectomy in the absence of bulky nodes on 5 year overall survival of patients with endometrial cancer (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stages I and II) and a high risk of recurrence.