Attempts to identify the molecular cause of autoinflammatory recurrent fever.

Systemic autoinflammatory diseases caused by dysregulation of the innate immunity are a known cause of recurrent fevers. We present the molecular diagnosis results of 12 children with recurrent fever, analyzing the correlation between molecular findings and clinical symptoms. No pathogenic variants confirming autoinflammatory disease were found.

Prognostic Utility of Modified 5-Item Frailty Index on the Outcomes of Spine Surgeries: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Frailty refers to a state of weakness that can arise due to age or illnesses, and frailty predisposes individuals to several adverse health outcomes. This has been postulated to prognosticate the outcome of various surgeries, including surgeries for various spine conditions; however, no meta-analysis has validated this finding.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the prognostic utility of frailty for the outcome of spine surgeries.

Multigram Synthesis of 3,3-Spiro-α-prolines.

A series of novel spirocyclic α-proline building blocks with a spiro conjunction in position 3 of the pyrrolidine ring was prepared to employ two convenient and practical synthetic approaches. Both alternative routes utilize simple and readily available starting materials─cyclic ketones and esters─and comprise 6 and 7 steps, respectively. The methodologies feature distinct advantages, using routine organic chemistry transformations, and are suitable for producing multigram amounts of the target prolines.

Efficacy and safety of guselkumab in patients with active lupus nephritis: results from a Phase 2, randomized, placebo-controlled study.

Objective: Evaluate the efficacy and safety of guselkumab, an interleukin (IL)-23 inhibitor, in a Phase 2, multicentre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of patients with active lupus nephritis (LN).

Methods: Adults (18-75 years) with active LN (Class III-IV proliferative nephritis [kidney biopsy] and urine protein-to-creatinine ratio [UPCR)] of ≥ 1 mg/mg despite standard-of-care therapy) were randomized (1:1; planned sample = 60) to receive intravenous infusions of guselkumab 400 mg or placebo at Weeks 0, 4, and 8, then subcutaneous injections (guselkumab 200 mg or placebo) at Week12 and every 4 weeks through Week48 in addition to their background therapy. The primary end point was achievement of ≥ 50% decrease in proteinuria from baseline at Week24.

Disruptions to HIV Prevention During Armed Conflict in Ukraine and Other Settings.

Purpose Of Review: This review evaluates recent literature to understand the ways in which war disrupts HIV prevention and creates conditions for HIV outbreaks, with a focus on Ukraine. We also examine potential responses that can be deployed to sustain HIV prevention services amid ongoing conflict.

Recent Findings: Recent studies and frameworks suggest that disruptions caused during war are comparable to other emergencies, like natural disasters.

Healthcare professionals' perspectives on the challenges in the vaccination of Ukrainian child migrants and war refugees: findings from a qualitative study in Poland.

Objectives: The aim of this qualitative research study was to explore the barriers encountered by Ukrainian war migrants and refugees in accessing vaccinations in Poland and the challenges related to delivering vaccinations observed by healthcare professionals (HCPs).

Material And Methods: The study was based on an analysis of data from 18 in-depth interviews with HCPs working with Ukrainian refugees conducted in Poland in July and August 2023. The authors analyzed the data using the UNICEF Journey to Health and Immunization (JHI) framework in order to identify bottlenecks and possible interventions that could solve existing problems in preventive healthcare for migrants.

Sample preparation method for IR analysis of petroleum-contaminated soil: An innovative technology for ecological remediation using .

phytoremediation of soil contaminated with petroleum was assessed in this study. A method of soil sample preparation for determining the total content of petroleum products by infrared spectrophotometry has been developed. It is a one-stage extraction method with minimal use of carbon tetrachloride as an extractant.

Development and optimisation of the biosensor for aspartate aminotransferase blood level determination.

This work presents the development and optimisation of an amperometric biosensor for determining aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity in blood serum, using glutamate oxidase and platinum disc electrodes. AST is a key biomarker for diagnosing cardiovascular and liver diseases. The biosensor's bioselective membrane composition and formation protocol and the working solution (aspartate 8 mM, α-ketoglutarate 2 mM, pyridoxal-5-phosphate 100 µM) were optimised.

TB Anywhere, TB Everywhere. The First Case of pre-Extensively Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Treated with BPaL in Italy: Challenges and Opportunities for Transborder Collaboration.

Even if in the past years new effective, safe, and orally administrable drugs are available to create shorter regimens, drug-resistant (DR) tuberculosis (TB) treatment remains a critical issue and a major challenge faced by clinicians worldwide. We present the first case of transborder pulmonary pre-extensively drug-resistant (pre-XDR)-TB treated in Italy with the bedaquiline-pretomanid-linezolid regimen. Diagnosis and treatment were started in Ukraine, and, after a month of treatment, due to the Russo-Ukrainian war, the patient moved to Italy, where the diagnosis was confirmed both by genotypic and phenotypic drug susceptibility tests, and treatment continued.

Epilepsy Surgery for Drug-Resistant Epilepsy in Africa: A Systematic Review.

Background And Objectives: Nearly one-third of individuals with epilepsy have drug-resistant epilepsy, treated most effectively with surgery. This study aims to discuss the demographic profile, surgical access, and strategies used in drug-resistant epilepsy in Africa.

Methods: A systematic review was performed using PubMed, Google Scholar, Embase, and Web of Science in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines.

Light-enabled scalable synthesis of bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane halides and their functionalizations.

In 2012, bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanes were demonstrated to be bioisosteres of the benzene ring.

Thermally activated processes: the underlying mechanism of activated state formation.

In the present manuscript, we highlight the contradictions in the thermally activated processes theory which treats a system's activated state as a state of the phonon subsystem. We offer an alternative model, in which the activated state is treated as an electron subsystem state. The mechanism of the activated state formation is as follows: thermal fluctuations excite electrons of some particles within the activation zone.

Serving Refugees, Rediscovering Medicine, and Recovering from Burnout.

In the wake of the Russian invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, I found myself struggling with debilitating professional burnout as a physician assistant (PA) in emergency medicine. Despite initial fears and uncertainties, I chose to volunteer at a refugee center in Wroclaw, Poland, where I provided medical care to Ukrainian war victims. This experience proved to be a transformative journey, reigniting my passion for patient-centered care and addressing my burnout.

Surgical pupil reconstruction for congenital idiopathic acorea with lens transparency saving. Case report.

Introduction: Idiopathic congenital acorea is extremely rare. There are several techniques for preserving the clear lens during pupil formation.

Case Presentation: The complete pupil absence caused acute glaucoma attack 2 weeks after birth, which was controlled in a 1-month-old child by peripheral iridectomy and disconnecting iris-corneal synechias.

Mine-explosive trauma of the maxillofacial region: current state of the problem and description of a case from practice.

Military conflicts, terrorist attacks and wars around the world pose a wide range of questions to the medical community about providing medical care to military personnel and civilians with mine-explosive trauma, which is characterized by simultaneous damage of various anatomical areas, including the maxillofacial region. The purpose of this work was to describe a case from practice of treating a patient with a mine-explosive trauma, which manifested by a fracture of the right zygomatic-orbital complex and the upper jaw on the right. Using own case from practice, the authors showed that the treatment of patients with mine-explosive trauma of the maxillofacial region is long-term, multi-stage and should take place in a specialized hospital with the involvement of a team of multidisciplinary specialists.

Psychosocial Aspects Of Rehabilitation Of The National Guard Of Ukraine Soldiers Injured In Combat.

Objective: Aim: To identify the main problems and analyse the psychosocial aspects of the rehabilitation of servicemen of the National Guard of Ukraine and to develop a technology for the formation of psychological skills for psychosocial recovery in order to use it in the practice of psychosocial assistance to servicemen of the National Guard of Ukraine who were injured during the russian-ukrainian war.

Patients And Methods: Materials and Methods: The following research methods were used to study the psychosocial aspects of the rehabilitation of soldiers of the National Guard of Ukraine who were wounded during hostilities: comparative, content analysis, analysis of activity products, synthesis, specification.

Conclusion: Conclusions: on the basis of multidisciplinary approaches, the main problems were identified and the psychosocial aspects of the rehabilitation of soldiers of the National Guard of Ukraine were analysed, and the technology of forming psychological skills for psychosocial recovery was proposed with the aim of using it in the practice of psychosocial assistance to soldiers of the National Guard of Ukraine who were injured during the russian-ukrainian conflict war.

For whom the bell tolls: The fear of death and the ways to become less afraid of it.

Objective: Aim: This paper aims to examine the fear of death and psychotherapeutic techniques to face and confront this fear.

Patients And Methods: Materials and Methods: The authors used interpretive research paradigm, integrative anthropological approach, and hermeneutic approach. The data collection was carried out using PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar databases.

Human rights in the context of transhumanist medicine: ethical and legal aspects.

Objective: Aim: To analyze the concept of transhumanism as a new category that extends beyond traditional legal frameworks and its implications for human rights, personal freedom, and the boundaries of technological intervention in human biology.

Patients And Methods: Materials and Methods: The study employs a comprehensive literature review and analysis of scholarly works on transhumanism, bioethics, and related legal and philosophical concepts.

Conclusion: Conclusions: Transhumanism is a modern philosophical and scientific concept that proposes a radical rethinking of human nature through the use of advanced technologies aimed at overcoming human biological limitations.

Legal regulation of biomedical research: key principles and their implementation.

Objective: Aim: To analyze the key principles underlying the legal regulation of biomedical research and evaluate their practical implementation in contemporary legal frameworks.

Patients And Methods: Materials and Methods: This study employs a comprehensive literature review, including academic publications, legal documents, and international guidelines on biomedical research ethics. Qualitative analysis identified core principles of legal regulation.

Nowadays and the future of the 3d digital technologies in modern orthodontics.

Objective: Aim: To investigate the usage trends of different 3D digital technologies in modern orthodontics during the previous eight years to identify their future prospects.

Patients And Methods: Materials and Methods: A systematic literature search on PubMed revealed 258,059 publications concerning digital technologies in modern orthodontics. Amongst 125 eligible articles, we chose 37 high quality articles.

Correction of dysmenorrhea in teenage girls with autonomic dysfunction syndrome.

Objective: Aim: The aim of our study was detection and correction of dysmenorrhea in teenage girls with autonomic dysfunction syndrome.

Patients And Methods: Materials and Methods: The research group consisted of 37 teenage girls, aged 12-16 years, who were undergoing rehabilitation treatment with signs of dysmenorrhea and vegetative dysfunction syndrome. The study lasted for 2 years (2020-2021).

Clinical and diagnostic features of Crohn's disease in young children.

Objective: Aim: To highlight the distinctive features of CD in young children, based on personal clinical experience in observation and treatment, with the objective of improving the accuracy of diagnosis and the effectiveness of treatment.

Patients And Methods: Materials and Methods: The study involves the results of treatment 11 young children with CD. The diagnosis was based on the combination of the following data: clinical manifestations of the disease and its course, as well as the results of laboratory, instrumental, and step biopsy with morphological studies.

Peculiarities of neurovegetative regulation in children and adolescents with sarcopenia according to heart rate variability indicators.

Objective: Aim: To find what extent the state of neurovegetative regulation in children and adolescents with sarcopenia differs from their peers without signs of sarcopenia.

Patients And Methods: Materials and Methods: The sarcopenic index and hand grip strength, which were simultaneously in the range below the 25th percentile of the reference values of these indicators for the corresponding age and gender, were considered the criteria for sarcopenia. A bioelectrical impedance analyzer, "TANITA MC- 780 MA" (Japan), was used to obtain the SI indicator.

Differentiated approach to management of patients with irritable bowel syndrome and ulcerative colitis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Objective: Aim: To determine the main clinical and laboratory features and severity of colon dysbiosis in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and IBD in patients with NAFLD.

Patients And Methods: Materials and Methods: 80 patients with NAFLD were examined. Patients were divided into two groups.