Vaccination of pregnant women: an overview of European policies and strategies to promote it.

Maternal immunization is a valuable tool for protecting mother and unborn child from vaccine-preventable diseases. However, the implementation of strategies for vaccinating pregnant women has only recently gained traction. This work is aimed at providing an overview of European vaccination strategies and gathering evidence on interventions enhancing vaccination knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors (KAB) in pregnant women.

Novel endocytosis inhibitors block entry of HIV-1 Tat into neural cells.

Many pathogens including viruses enter cells by endocytosis. We identified and evaluated novel endocytosis inhibitors capable of blocking the entry of the HIV-1 Transactivation of Transcription protein (Tat) protein into neuronal cells and investigated their potential protective properties against Tat-induced neurotoxicity. In this study, the compounds Les-6631 and Les-6633 were synthesized and assessed.

Nosocomial transmission of NDM-1-containing Klebsiella pneumoniae ST147 in a Dutch pediatric oncology center associated with patients from Ukraine.

We studied nosocomial transmission of multidrug-resistant bla-containing Klebsiella pneumoniae ST147 in a Dutch pediatric oncology center. Whole-genome multilocus sequence typing revealed two genetic clusters consisting of 2 and 5 K. pneumoniae isolates, both from Ukrainian medical evacuees and Dutch patients.

C60 fullerene improves the contractile activity of the injured rat muscle gastrocnemius.

The powerful antioxidant properties of C60 fullerenes have been widely used in biomedical nanotechnology. Owing to the negative effects of free radicals in oxidative stress processes, antioxidants are required to protect injured muscles. Here, the effect of water-soluble C60 fullerenes (daily oral dose 1 mg/kg) on the process of restoration of contractile activity of skeletal muscle of rats (muscle gastrocnemius) 15 days after the initiation of open trauma of different severity was studied for the first time.

A mixed methods exploration of HIV and drug use disclosure in healthcare settings among HIV-positive women who inject drugs in Ukraine.

Disclosing one's HIV status or drug use in healthcare settings has significant implications for public and individual health. It is related to reduced occupational risk of infection for medical providers, improved care, reduction in disease transmission, and other clinical benefits for patients. However, disclosure can be challenging and problematic due to its discrediting aspects.

Stress contingent changes in Hog1 pathway architecture and regulation in Candida albicans.

The Hog1 stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK) is a key mediator of stress resistance and virulence in Candida albicans. Hog1 activation via phosphorylation of the canonical TGY motif is mediated by the Pbs2 MAPKK, which itself is activated by the Ssk2 MAPKKK. Although this three-tiered SAPK signalling module is well characterised, it is unclear how Hog1 activation is regulated in response to different stresses.

The impact of acquired immunodeficiency in a patient with b-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia on the course of coronavirus disease (COVID-19): a case report.

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a lymphoproliferative disorder that affects the bone marrow, lymph nodes, and spleen, and is associated with certain complications. One of the complications of CLL is acquired immunodeficiency, leading to a predisposition for prolonged respiratory viral and bacterial infections. This publication presents a clinical case of a prolonged and severe course of COVID-19 in a patient with CLL, who was successfully treated with immunoglobulin replacement therapy.

Medical genetics as a basis for personalized medicine in contemporary Ukraine.

Objective: Aim: To systematize and comprehensively analyze scientific sources and research on integrating personalized medicine into the national healthcare system.

Patients And Methods: Materials and Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus, focusing on data from the past 10 years (2014-2024). Articles in both English and Ukrainian were analyzed.

The connection of systemic inflammation and atherosclerosis: What do we know nowadays?

Objective: Aim: To summarise what is known about the inflammatory nature of atherosclerosis to date.

Patients And Methods: Materials and Methods: We conducted the search using Google Scholar and Medline and selected state-of-the-art articles that were consistent with the aim of study.

Conclusion: Conclusions: To date, there is sufficient evidence that atherosclerosis is driven by the inflammatory process.

Morphometric assessment of the structural remodeling of endothelial cells in the arterial and venous systems of the testes in experimental animals under ethanol intoxication.

Objective: Aim: Using morphometric methods to study the features of endotheliocyte remodeling of the arterial and venous beds of the testicles during long-term ethanol intoxication.

Patients And Methods: Materials and Methods: Endotheliocytes of the arterial and venous bed of the left and right testes of 60 white male rats, which were divided into two groups, were morphologically studied. The 1 group consisted of 30 intact animals, the 2 - 30 rats, which were daily intragastrically injected with a 30 % ethanol solution at the rate of 2 ml per 100 g of the animal's weight for 28 days.

The effect of the treatment and prevention complex on the activity of the antioxidant protection system in experimental periodontitis combined with stress.

Objective: Aim: To investigate the periodontal protective properties of the developed therapeutic and prophylactic complex in terms of pro- and antiradical protection system on an experimental toxic calcium-deficiency model of periodontitis under noise and cold stress.

Patients And Methods: Materials and Methods: Calcium-deficiency toxicity was modelled in animals with the addition of noise and cold stress. The effect of the developed therapeutic and prophylactic complex consisting of the oral gel and the food supplement on the indicators of pro- and antioxidant protection in the blood and periodontal tissues of rats was studied.

Practices of trauma-informed learning and their influence on the level of situational and personal anxiety of students who are studying face-to-face during hostilities.

Objective: Aim: To reveal the essence of trauma-informed learning in the context of the functioning of a person's inner world and the impact on changing the levels of situational and personal anxiety.

Patients And Methods: Materials and Methods: The study involved 900 people who are pursuing higher education during the military operations on the territory of Ukraine. Two parts of the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) questionnaire were used to determine low, medium, and high levels of situational and personal anxiety.

Gastroesophageal reflux disease: problematic issues of organising outpatient medical care for the adult population.

Objective: Aim: To determine the problematic issues of the organization of outpatient medical care for patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) at the current stage by analyzing the incidence rates and the structure of visits to doctors of a medical institution over a 5-year period.

Patients And Methods: Materials and Methods: The reported data on the provision of outpatient medical care by doctors of various specialties to the adult population with GERD (ICD-10: К21, К44) from 01.01.

Significance of oxidative stress in liver damage of male and female rats with simulated ethanol hepatitis.

Objective: Aim: to find out the gender characteristics of oxidative mechanisms of liver damage in rats with ethanol hepatitis (EH).

Patients And Methods: Materials and Methods: The study was performed on 48 white male and female rats: 1 - control, 2 - acute EH (12,5 ml/kg of a 40% ethanol solution prepared on 5% solution of glucose for 7 days).The diene and triene conjugates (DC, TC), Schiff's bases (SB), TBA-active products (TBA-ap), activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were determined in the blood serum.

Modelling business processes in palliative care management: ways to optimise resource management.

Objective: Aim: To evaluate the impact of corrective coefficients on the income of multidisciplinary mobile palliative care teams (MMPCT) in Ukraine under different scenarios, such as new contracts, patient count, and service cost variability, to identify optimization pathways for resource management in palliative care.

Patients And Methods: Materials and Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted, including sources from JAMA Scholar and PubMed. The Monte Carlo method simulated 10 000 scenarios of uncertainty, such as patient count and diagnoses, to assess the effect of corrective coefficients.

Early results of transabdominal preperitoneal inguinal hernia repair (TAPP) using invasive and non-invasive methods of mesh fixation.

Objective: Aim: To evaluate the early postoperative results of surgical treatment of patients with inguinal hernias after laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal inguinal hernia repair (TAPP) using invasive and non-invasive methods of fixation of prosthetic material.

Patients And Methods: Materials and Methods: The study included 76 patients (average age 61,4±15,3 years; 69 [91 %] males, 7 [9 %] females) with primary uncomplicated unilateral inguinal hernias who underwent TAPP. Patients were divided into two groups: group 1 - 52 patients in whom the AbsorbaTack fixation device was used to secure the mesh; group 2 - 24 patients in whom the LiquiBand FIX8 cyanoacrylate adhesive was used.

Modern combined approach to the surgical treatment of patients with post-traumatic tympanic membrane perforation due to blast injuries and eustachian tube dysfunction.

Objective: Aim: To improve the effectiveness of surgical treatment for patients with post-traumatic tympanic membrane perforations and concurrent Eustachian tube dysfunction through simultaneous combined surgical methods.

Patients And Methods: Materials and Methods: We analyzed clinical and functional outcomes of 35 patients (mean age: 34 ± 10,5 years) with tympanic membrane perforations caused by acoustic and blast injuries. The patients were divided into two groups: the first group (n=17) underwent only tympanoplasty type 1, while the second group (n=18) underwent simultaneous septoplasty, inferior turbinectomy, and tympanoplasty with prolonged middle ear ventilation using a subanular Silverstein tube.

Low anterior resection syndrome in distal rectal cancer patients and its correction methods.

Objective: Aim: To evaluate and compare the functional outcomes and quality of life in distal rectal cancer patients after low anterior resection with the formation of a transverse double-fold reservoir (TDFR) and without it.

Patients And Methods: Materials and Methods: The retrospective study enrolled 80 patients with distal rectal cancer: 40 patients who underwent low anterior resection with the formation of a TDFR, and 40 patients with the formation of a colorectal anastomosis (control group). The follow-up period was 10-60 months, with a median follow-up of 36 months after primary surgery.

Periodontitis upon hypothyroidism of young people.

Objective: Aim: To study the periodontal tissues and to establish the Magnesium content in oral liquid and capillary blood of young people with hypothyroidism from areas with Iodine deficiency.

Patients And Methods: Materials and Methods: In order to study the prevalence of periodontal disorders there were 330 people aged from 25 to 44 years from areas with natural Iodine deficiency enrolled in this examination. Primary hypothyroidism was diagnosed in 195 people (they made up the group I), and 135 people did not have any accompanying endocrine pathology (group II).

Characteristics of therapeutic and diagnostic errors in the management of traumatic brain injury by healthcare professionals: insights from forensic medical examinations on the quality of medical care.

Objective: Aim: To identify defects in the diagnosis and treatment of traumatic brain injury (TBI) committed by medical personnel at various stages of providing medical care based on the results of forensic medical examinations.

Patients And Methods: Materials and Methods: The article based on the study of medical care defects in cases of TBI. The research was conducted according to the data of forensic medical examinations by the SI "Main Bureau of Forensic Medical Examination of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine" from 2012 to 2021.