CLDN18: Clinical, Pathological, and Genetic Signatures with Drug Screening in Gastric Adenocarcinoma.

Introduction: The CLDN18 gene, encoding claudin 18.1 and claudin 18.2, is a key component of tight junction strands in epithelial cells that form a paracellular barrier that is critical in Stomach Adenocarcinoma (STAD).

Psychiatric adverse events associated with the COVID-19 vaccines approved in the Republic of Korea: a systematic review.

This systematic review evaluated psychiatric adverse events (AEs) following vaccination against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We included studies that reported or investigated psychiatric AEs in individuals who had received an approved COVID-19 vaccine in the Republic of Korea. Systematic electronic searches of Ovid-Medline, Embase, CENTRAL, and KoreaMed databases were conducted on March 22, 2023.

Metabolic Obesity Phenotypes and Incident Cardiovascular Outcomes in Middle-Aged and Older Korean Adults: A Longitudinal 10-Year Analysis of the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study.

This study investigated the association of four metabolic obesity phenotypes with incident coronary artery disease and stroke in a large-scale, community population-based, prospective Korean cohort observed for over 10 years. The study participants included 7374 adults aged 40-69 years, drawn from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study. Participants with different metabolic obesity phenotypes were categorized according to body weight and metabolic health status into four groups: metabolically healthy nonobese (MHNO), metabolically healthy obese (MHO), metabolically unhealthy nonobese (MUHNO), and metabolically unhealthy obese (MUHO).

Optic nerve head factors associated with initial central visual field defect in primary open-angle glaucoma.

We investigated optic nerve head factors associated with initial parafoveal scotoma (IPFS) in primary open-angle glaucoma. Eighty (80) patients with an IPFS and 84 patients with an initial nasal step (INS) were compared. Central retinal vascular trunk (CRVT) deviation from the Bruch's membrane opening (BMO) center was measured as a surrogate of lamina cribrosa (LC)/BMO offset, and its obliqueness was defined as the absolute value of angular deviation from the fovea-BMO axis.

Triple Silencing of HSP27, cFLIP, and CLU Genes Promotes the Sensitivity of Doxazosin-Induced Apoptosis in PC-3 Prostate Cancer Cells.

This study investigated how the expression of heat shock protein 27 (HSP27), cellular FLICE-like inhibitory protein (cFLIP), and clusterin (CLU) affects the progression of cancer cells and their susceptibility to doxazosin-induced apoptosis. By silencing each of these genes individually, their effect on prostate cancer cell viability after doxazosin treatment was investigated. PC-3 prostate cancer cells were cultured and then subjected to gene silencing using siRNA targeting HSP27, cFLIP, and CLU, either individually, in pairs, or all together.

2023 Obesity Fact Sheet: Prevalence of Obesity and Abdominal Obesity in Adults, Adolescents, and Children in Korea from 2012 to 2021.

Background: The 2023 Obesity Fact Sheet aims to present an updated overview of obesity prevalence across all age groups, including children and adolescents.

Methods: This study included individuals aged ≥20 years (n=16,941,423 in 2021) who underwent health checkups provided by the Korean National Health Insurance Service between 2012 and 2021. The prevalence of obesity and abdominal obesity was standardized by age and sex using data from the 2010 population and housing census.

COVID-19 Outcome and Tobacco Product Use: Case-Control and Retrospective Cohort Studies Using Nationwide Samples.

Background: Conflicting evidence exists regarding the association between smoking and the risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. We investigated the association between combustible cigarette (CC) smoking, noncombustible tobacco product (NCTP) use, and the use of any tobacco product with various coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes.

Methods: A case-control study was conducted using the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency-COVID19-National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) cohort.

Encephalopathy After a High-Dose Dexamethasone Suppression Test in a Woman With X-Linked Ornithine Transcarbamylase Deficiency.

Background/objective: The high-dose dexamethasone suppression test is a common and usually benign endocrine procedure. We report a patient with ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency (OTCD) who developed hyperammonemic encephalopathy after a high-dose dexamethasone suppression test.

Case Report: A 46-year-old woman with a 1.

Biological assessment of the omega-3 status after omega-3 enriched dietary during an active seasonal performance on soccer players.

Background: To assess the physiological change of blood fatty acid composite during the seasonal performance of soccer players with omega-6/omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid balanced dietary supplementation.

Methods: This study included 20 healthy and trained male soccer players. During the study, data collection was performed three times (pre-, mid-, post-season).

Quality Indicators of Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography in Korea.

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a procedure that requires significant experiences and skills and has various procedure-related complications, some of which can be severe and even result in the death of patients. Expanding ERCP availability has the advantage of increasing accessibility for patients. However, ERCP poses a substantial risk if performed without proper quality management.

Effects of Early Initiation of Polymyxin B Hemoperfusion Therapy in Patients with Cancer with Refractory Septic Shock.

: We aimed to analyze the correlation between in-hospital mortality and hemodynamic changes, using polymyxin B-immobilized fiber column direct hemoperfusion (PMX-DHP) initiation time in patients with cancer with refractory septic shock. : Forty-six patients with cancer who received PMX-DHP for refractory septic shock were retrospectively analyzed and classified into early (≤3 h between refractory septic shock and PMX-DHP; = 17) and late (>3 h; = 29) initiation groups. The vasopressor inotropic score (), sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score, and lactate clearance before and 24 h post-PMX-DHP were compared.

Clinical Significance of Optic Disc Hemorrhage Size in Visual Field Progression in Glaucoma.

Purpose: To investigate the correlation between optic disc hemorrhage (DH) size and glaucoma progression.

Design: A retrospective observational cohort study METHODS:   SETTING: A single tertiary hospital in South Korea STUDY POPULATION: Two hundred and fifty (250) open-angle glaucoma (OAG) patients with DH. Participants were followed for 5 years or longer, with a minimum of 5 visual field (VF) tests.

Efficacy of Endovascular Thrombectomy in Acute Basilar Artery Occlusion with Low PC-ASPECTS: A Nationwide Prospective Registry-Based Study.

Objective: We evaluated the efficacy of endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) on the functional outcome of patients with acute basilar artery occlusion and low posterior circulation acute stroke prognosis early computed tomography score (PC-ASPECTS).

Methods: We identified patients with acute ischemic stroke due to basilar artery occlusion and PC-ASPECTS of 6 or less, presenting within 24 h between August 2008 and April 2022. The primary outcome was a favorable functional outcome, defined as a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score of 0-3 at 90 days.

Associations of overweight and obesity with cardiometabolic risk factor clusters among Korean adolescents.

This study investigated the association between overweight, obesity, and cardiometabolic risk factor clusters in Korean adolescents. We included 2182 participants (1161 boys and 1021 girls) aged 12-18 years from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2016-2021). Cardiometabolic risk factors include hypertension, high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level, hypertriglyceridemia, high fasting plasma glucose level, elevated alanine aminotransferase level, and hyperuricemia.

Efficacy of information and communication technology interventions for the management of diabetes mellitus: An umbrella review and evidence map.

Introduction: We validated the quality of evidence and potential benefits of information and communication technology interventions on diabetes-related health outcomes.

Methods: We systematically searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Google Scholar, and CINAHL and manually searched the reference lists of the retrieved review articles from each database's inception to October 2022. Randomized controlled trials were included to determine the benefits of information and communication technology interventions on diabetes outcomes.

Prognostic Implications of Quantitative Flow Ratio and Plaque Characteristics in Intravascular Ultrasound-Guided Treatment Strategy.

Background: Quantitative flow ratio (QFR) is a method for evaluating fractional flow reserve without the use of an invasive coronary pressure wire or pharmacological hyperemic agent.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic implications of QFR and plaque characteristics in patients who underwent intravascular ultrasound (IVUS)-guided treatment for intermediate lesions.

Methods: Among the IVUS-guided strategy group in the FLAVOUR (Fractional Flow Reserve and Intravascular Ultrasound for Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Intermediate Stenosis) trial, vessels suitable for QFR analysis were included in this study.

White matter diffusion estimates in obsessive-compulsive disorder across 1653 individuals: machine learning findings from the ENIGMA OCD Working Group.

White matter pathways, typically studied with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), have been implicated in the neurobiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). However, due to limited sample sizes and the predominance of single-site studies, the generalizability of OCD classification based on diffusion white matter estimates remains unclear. Here, we tested classification accuracy using the largest OCD DTI dataset to date, involving 1336 adult participants (690 OCD patients and 646 healthy controls) and 317 pediatric participants (175 OCD patients and 142 healthy controls) from 18 international sites within the ENIGMA OCD Working Group.

Effects of remimazolam combined with remifentanil on quality of recovery after ambulatory hysteroscopic surgery: a prospective, observational study.

Background: Remimazolam, a new benzodiazepine, is known for its quick onset of effects and recovery time. Recently, it has been licensed for general anesthesia and sedation in Korea and its use is increasing in other countries. However, less is known about its effect on postoperative recovery.

A Comparison of Results in Older, Middle-aged, and Younger Patients after Primary Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: Minimum 10-Year Follow-up.

Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is commonly performed to prevent decreased knee function and restore stability in middle-aged and even older patients. However, few studies have compared the long-term clinical outcomes of ACL reconstruction between older, younger, and middle-aged patients. The purpose of this study was to compare the long-term clinical outcomes of ACL reconstruction in older patients with those in younger and middle-aged patients.