Prevalence of age-related macular degeneration and retinal pseudodrusen in an elderly population. The ural very old study.

Purpose: To assess the prevalence of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and reticular pseudodrusen (RPD) in very old individuals.

Methods: The population-based Ural Very Old Study consisted of 1526 (81.1%) out of 1882 eligible individuals aged 85 + years.

Prevalence and Associated Factors of Cataract, Cataract Surgery and Postoperative Outcome in an Old Population in Russia: The Ural Very Old Study.

Purpose: To assess prevalence of cataract and cataract surgery in a very old population in Russia.

Design: Population-based study.

Participants: The Ural Very Old Study included 1526 (81.

Myopic Macular Atrophy in the Two-Continent Population-Based Study.

Purpose: To examine the prevalence of Bruch's membrane defects (BMDs) and subretinal proliferations (SRPs) in highly myopic eyes with myopic macular atrophy (myopic macular degeneration [MMD] stage 4) and myopic patchy atrophies (MMD stage 3) in three ethnically different cohorts recruited in a population-based manner.

Methods: The Ural Eye and Medical Study (UEMS) and Beijing Eye Study (BES) included individuals aged 40+ years, and the Ural Very Old Study (UVOS) examined individuals aged 85+ years. Main outcome measures were the prevalence of BMDs and SRPs.

Positive and Negative Associations of Myopia with Ocular Diseases in Population-Based Studies.

Purpose: Prevalence of myopia and vision impairment due to myopic macular degeneration and myopia-related optic neuropathies have markedly increased worldwide. We evaluated whether myopia is associated with other ocular disorders.

Design: Population-based studies conducted in Russia, China, and India.

Atrial fibrillation and flutter and ocular diseases. The Ural eye and medical study and the Ural very old study.

Purpose: To assess associations between atrial fibrillation/atrial flutter (AF) and ocular parameters and diseases.

Methods: The population-based Ural Eye and Medical Study (UEMS) and the Ural Very Old Study (UVOS) included 4894 individuals (age: 40+ years) and 835 individuals (age: 85+ years), respectively.

Results: In the UEMS, AF prevalence (80/4894; 1.

Unintentional injuries and falls in populations in Russia. The Ural eye and medical study and the Ural very old study.

Background: To explore the prevalence of self-reported unintentional injuries and falls (UIFs) in medium-aged and old populations in Russia and factors associated with them.

Methods: Two population-based studies (Ural Eye and Medical Study (UEMS), Ural Very Old Study (UVOS)) were carried out urban and rural areas in Bashkortostan/Russia. They consisted of 5899 individuals (age: 40+ years) and 1526 participants (age: 85+ years), respectively.

Prevalence of Myopic Maculopathy Among the Very Old: The Ural Very Old Study.

Purpose: To assess the prevalence of myopic macular degeneration (MMD) in very old individuals.

Methods: The population-based Ural Very Old Study (UVOS) included 1526 (81.1%) of 1882 eligible inhabitants aged ≥85 years.

Intraocular pressure and its determinants in a very old population. The ural very old study.

Purpose: To explore intraocular pressure (IOP) and its associated parameters in an aged population.

Methods: The epidemiologic Ural Very Old Study (UVOS) conducted in Bashkortostan/Russia included 1526 participants with an age of ≥85 years. Besides a whole series of ocular and systemic examinations, IOP was determined applying non-contact tonometry.

Prevalence and Associations of Keratoconus Among Children, Adults, and Elderly in the Population-Based Ural Eye Studies.

Purpose: To estimate prevalence and associations of keratoconus in populations in Russia with an age from childhood to seniority.

Methods: The study population consisted of the cohorts of 3 population-based studies performed in urban and rural areas within the same geographical region in Bashkortostan/Russia: the Ural Children Eye Study (UCES; age = 6-18 y; n = 4890), the Ural Eye and Medical Study (UEMS; age = >40 y; n = 5314), and the Ural Very Old Study (UVOS; age = >85 y; n = 651). Based on Scheimflug imaging, keratoconus was defined by a keratometric reading of ≥48 diopters (D) in any eye.

Anterior chamber depth and angle and associations in a pediatric and adult population in Russia.

Purpose: To investigate the normative data of anterior chamber depth (ACD) and angle (ACA) and their associations in multiethnic cohorts spanning three generations in Russia.

Methods: The study cohort included the participants of three population-based studies performed in urban and rural Bashkortostan/Russia: The Ural Eye and Medical Study (UEMS; age:40+ years), Ural Children Eye Study (UCES; age:6-18 years), and Ural Very Old Study (UVOS; age:85+ years). Using Scheimflug camera-based anterior chamber imaging, we measured ACD and ACA as part of a comprehensive ophthalmological and systemic examination.

Application of a Deep Learning System to Detect Papilledema on Nonmydriatic Ocular Fundus Photographs in an Emergency Department.

Purpose: The Fundus photography vs Ophthalmoscopy Trial Outcomes in the Emergency Department (FOTO-ED) studies showed that ED providers poorly recognized funduscopic findings in patients in the ED. We tested a modified version of the Brain and Optic Nerve Study Artificial Intelligence (BONSAI) deep learning system on nonmydriatic fundus photographs from the FOTO-ED studies to determine if the deep learning system could have improved the detection of papilledema had it been available to ED providers as a real-time diagnostic aid.

Design: Retrospective secondary analysis of a cohort of patients included in the FOTO-ED studies.

Prevalence and Associations of Nonglaucomatous Optic Nerve Atrophy in High Myopia: The Ural Eye and Medical Study.

Purpose: To assess the prevalence of nonglaucomatous optic nerve atrophy (NGOA) in highly myopic individuals.

Design: Population-based study.

Participants: The Ural Eye and Medical Study included 5899 (80.

Intravitreal panitumumab and myopic macular degeneration.

Background: In experimental studies, intravitreally applied antibodies against epidermal growth factor (EGF), EGF family members (amphiregulin, neuregulin-1, betacellulin, epigen, epiregulin) and against the EGF receptor (EGFR) were associated with a reduction in lens-induced axial elongation and decrease in physiological eye elongation in guinea pigs and in non-human primates. Here, we investigated the intraocular tolerability and safety of a fully human monoclonal IgG2-antibody against EGFR, already in clinical use in oncology, as a potential future therapeutic approach for axial elongation in adult eyes with pathological myopia.

Methods: The clinical, monocentre, open-label, multiple-dose, phase-1 study included patients with myopic macular degeneration of stage 4, who received intravitreal injections of panitumumab in various doses and in intervals ranging between 2.

Diabetic Neuropathy of the Retina and Inflammation: Perspectives.

A clear connection exists between diabetes and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Consequently, therapeutic approaches that target both diseases are needed. Clinical trials are currently underway to explore the roles of obesity, adipose tissue, gut microbiota, and pancreatic beta cell function in diabetes.

Association of Systemic Medication Use with Glaucoma and Intraocular Pressure: The European Eye Epidemiology Consortium.

Purpose: To investigate the association of commonly used systemic medications with glaucoma and intraocular pressure (IOP) in the European population.

Design: Meta-analysis of 11 population-based cohort studies of the European Eye Epidemiology Consortium.

Participants: The glaucoma analyses included 143 240 participants and the IOP analyses included 47 177 participants.

Associations between axial length, corneal refractive power and lens thickness in children and adolescents: The Ural Children Eye Study.

Purpose: To assess relationships between ocular biometric parameters in dependence of age and sex in children and adolescents.

Methods: In the Ural Children Eye Study, a school-based cohort study, 4933 children underwent an ophthalmological and general examination.

Results: Complete biometric measurements were available for 4406 (89.

IMI-Global Trends in Myopia Management Attitudes and Strategies in Clinical Practice-2022 Update.

Purpose: Surveys in 2015 and 2019 identified a high level of eye care practitioner concern/activity about myopia, but the majority still prescribed single vision interventions to young myopes. This research aimed to provide updated information.

Methods: A self-administered, internet-based questionnaire was distributed in 13 languages, through professional bodies to eye care practitioners globally.

Prevalence and associated factors of myopia in children and adolescents in Russia: the Ural Children Eye Study.

Background: To assess the prevalence of myopia and the distribution of ocular axial length as surrogate for myopic refractive error in school children in a population in Russia.

Methods: The Ural Children Eye Study, a school-based case-control study, was conducted in Ufa/Bashkortostan/Russia from 2019 to 2022 and included 4933 children (age: 9.7±2.

Anatomic Peculiarities Associated with Axial Elongation of the Myopic Eye.

Purpose: To describe anatomical peculiarities associated with axial elongation in the human myopic eye.

Methods: Reviewing the results of previous histomorphometrical investigations of enucleated human globes, as well as reviewing findings obtained in population-based studies and hospital-based clinical investigations of myopic patients and non-myopic individuals.

Results: Myopic axial elongation is associated with a change from a mostly spherical eye shape to a prolate ellipsoid form.

Myopic axial elongation in school children and the COVID-19 lockdown in Russia: The Ural Children Myopia Study.

Background: To explore an influence of the COVID-19-related lockdown on ocular axial elongation in school children in Russia.

Methods: The participants of the school-based Ufa Children Myopia Study in Ufa/Russia underwent, at baseline in 2019/2020 before the COVID-19 outbreak and after a COVID-19-related lockdown, a detailed interview and ophthalmological examination including laser interferometric biometry for axial length measurement.

Results: The study included 461 children (age:10.

Myopia: Histology, clinical features, and potential implications for the etiology of axial elongation.

Myopic axial elongation is associated with various non-pathological changes. These include a decrease in photoreceptor cell and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cell density and retinal layer thickness, mainly in the retro-equatorial to equatorial regions; choroidal and scleral thinning pronounced at the posterior pole and least marked at the ora serrata; and a shift in Bruch's membrane opening (BMO) occurring in moderately myopic eyes and typically in the temporal/inferior direction. The BMO shift leads to an overhang of Bruch's membrane (BM) into the nasal intrapapillary compartment and BM absence in the temporal region (i.

Prevalence and associations of dry eye disease and meibomian gland dysfunction in the ural eye and medical study.

To assess the prevalence of dry eye disease (DED) and Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) in a population in Russia. The population-based Ural Eye and Medical Study was conducted in an urban and rural region in Bashkortostan/Russia and included 5899 (80.5%) out of 7328 eligible persons, aged 40 + years.