Intradural extramedullary epidermoid cyst at cauda equina level in 2-years female child: A rare case report.

Introduction: Spinal epidermoid cysts are noncancerous growths that comprise fewer than 1 % of the abnormalities found in the spine. An epidermoid cyst in the intradural extramedullary region, without any associated dysraphism, trauma, or syndromic conditions, and its subsequent successful identification and surgical removal without any adverse effects on the patient, is a highly uncommon event.

Case Presentation: A 2-year-old female visited the outpatient clinic with a skin fold on the back that has been present since birth, without any abnormalities in the spinal cord or any injuries.

Radiomic Features as Artificial Intelligence Prognostic Models in Glioblastoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Glioblastoma, the predominant primary tumor among all central nervous systems, accounts for around 80% of cases. Prognosis in neuro-oncology involves assessing the disease's progression in different individuals, considering the time between the initial pathological diagnosis and the time until the disease worsens. A noninvasive therapeutic approach called radiomic features (RFs), which involves the application of artificial intelligence in MRI, has been developed to address this issue.

effect on traumatic brain injury: A systematic review.

Background: Mortality and morbidity in traumatic brain injury (TBI) cases remain a global problem. Various therapeutic modalities have been researched, including using herbal medicine. has a lot of potential in neuropharmacology for various diseases.

Identification and characterization of Staphylococcus argenteus from Indonesia.

Background: In 2015, Staphylococcus argenteus was reported for the first time as a novel species of the Staphylococcus aureus complex. While S. argenteus has been found in many countries, its presence in Indonesia has not been reported yet.

The effect of , cinnamon, and spirulina as neuroprotective based on histopathological findings in ratus Sprague Dawley with traumatic brain injury.

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a global health problem with the potential to cause dangerous neurological problems. Based on histopathological findings in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats with TBI in the acute phase, the study seeks to discover the effect of , cinnamon, and spirulina as neuroprotective.

Methods: We conducted an experimental study with 30 SD rats randomly divided into three groups.

Childhood Maltreatment and Toxic Stress: What We Have Learned From the COVID-19 Pandemic Era.

Stress is a natural state that emerges due to the dynamics of an individual's life. Children must learn how to effectively manage stress as part of their growth and development. Resolution is possible when children are exposed to stress and receive adequate support from their families.

Effects of Moleac 901 after severe spinal cord injury on chronic phase in Wistar rats.

Background: MLC901 is a phytopharmaceutical comprising significant compounds that can induce microenvironments conducive to the proliferation and specialization of neural cell progenitors. This study investigates the impact of administering MLC901, reducing the expression of NG2 and caspase-3 and increasing IL-10 levels, as well as histopathological and motor function, after severe spinal cord injury (SCI) in the chronic phase.

Methods: The study employed a randomized post-test-only control group design conducted between February and April 2023 at the Integrated Biomedical Laboratory.

Prognostic Value of Baseline Echocardiographic Parameters in Heart Failure With Improved vs Nonrecovered Ejection Fraction.

Background: Ejection fraction (EF) is often used as a prognostic indicator and for classifying heart failure (HF) patients. This study evaluates the association of echocardiographic parameters with HF with improved EF (HFimpEF).

Methods: This single-centre study retrospectively included patients with HF with reduced EF (HFrEF) from a cohort of admitted patients over 2018-2020, who were then followed up prospectively until 2023.

Ruptured sinus of Valsalva aneurysm coexisted with congenital ventricular septal defect: a case series.

Background: Ruptured sinus of Valsalva aneurysm (RSoVA) is an uncommon cardiac anomaly that may occasionally coexist with additional congenital heart disease (CHD). The presence of such congenital cardiac anomalies, frequently involving a ventricular septal defect (VSD), is of significant clinical importance and warrants vigilant detection during echocardiographic assessments to prevent oversight.

Case Presentation: Three cases of RSoVA accompanied by VSD are presented in which all patients manifested symptoms of shortness of breath (SOB).

Pulmonary embolism in patients with severe COVID-19 treated with systemic low-dose thrombolytic therapy: A case series.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been associated with respiratory failure and high mortality. Hypercoagulability and thromboembolic complications have been found in a high percentage of patients amongst which, pulmonary embolism (PE) is the most common. Currently, there are no guidelines on using thrombolysis therapy in COVID-19 patients who developed PE.

Purely extradural thoracal Schwanoma: Case report.

Introduction: and importance. Schwannomas are benign tumors that often occur in the medulla spinalis. It arises from the Schwann cells which form the sheath of peripheral nerves.

Financial Risk Protection for Neurosurgical Care in Indonesia and the Philippines: A Primer on Health Financing for the Global Neurosurgeon.

Which conditions treated by neurosurgeons cause the worst economic hardship in low middle-income in countries? How can public health financing be responsive to the inequities in the delivery of neurosurgical care? This review article frames the objectives of equity, quality, and efficiency in health financing to the goals of global neurosurgery. In order to glean provider perspectives on the affordability of neurosurgical care in low-resource settings, we did a survey of neurosurgeons from Indonesia and the Philippines and identified that the care of socioeconomically disadvantaged patients with malignant intracranial tumors were found to incur the highest out-of-pocket expenses. Additionally, the surveyed neurosurgeons also observed that treatment of traumatic brain injury may have to require greater financial subsidies.

Modified ICH score was superior to original ICH score for assessment of 30-day mortality and good outcome of non-traumatic intracerebral hemorrhage.

Introduction: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) score has been widely used as a consistent and reliable clinical grading scale for predicting mortality. However, ICH score had not been used to predict good outcome or significant disability for those who were alive. We intended to address whether any modifications would increase prediction accuracy for mortality as well as the extent of morbidity for those who survived.

Progressive COVID-19-Associated Coagulopathy Despite Treatment with Therapeutic Anticoagulation and Thrombolysis.

BACKGROUND Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been associated with a hypercoagulability state. Clinical presentation can range from asymptomatic to severe illness and mortality. Thrombotic complications in COVID-19 have been associated with mortality.

Pathomechanism and Management of Stroke in COVID-19: Review of Immunopathogenesis, Coagulopathy, Endothelial Dysfunction, and Downregulation of ACE2.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can reportedly manifest as an acute stroke, with most cases presenting as large vessel ischemic stroke in patients with or without comorbidities. The exact pathomechanism of stroke in COVID-19 remains ambiguous. The findings of previous studies indicate that the most likely underlying mechanisms are cerebrovascular pathological conditions following viral infection, inflammation-induced endothelial dysfunction, and hypercoagulability.

Algorithm of traumatic brain injury management at Indonesia in the COVID 19 pandemic ERA. Retrospective cohort study.

Objectives: COVID-19, a global pandemic, affects neurosurgical care in Indonesia. This study has objective to propose guideline and algorithm recommendation for the management of TBI patients during this pandemic, which can be used flexibly at neurosurgery centers, both in Indonesia and throughout the world.

Methods: We performed retrospective Cohort analysis from TBI database at tertiary public general hospitals.

P2X3 receptor expression in dorsal horn of spinal cord and pain threshold after estrogen therapy for prevention therapy in neuropathic pain.

Introduction: Neuropathic pain may arise from conditions that affecting the central or peripheral nervous system. This study was held to determine the difference P2X3 receptor expression in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord and pain threshold after estrogen therapy in neuropathic pain.

Methods: This study design was an experimental research laboratory.

Echocardiography Screening for Latent Rheumatic Heart Disease: What Can We Do in Indonesia?

Rheumatic heart disease (RHD), a sequela of acute rheumatic fever (ARF), is a preventable disease but remains a significant health problem, especially in developing countries. It causes disability, poor quality of life, early mortality, and national economic burden. The World Heart Federation (WHF) aimed to achieve a 25% reduction in premature deaths from ARF and RHD among individuals aged <25 years by 2025.

The state of neurosurgical training and education in East Asia: analysis and strategy development for this frontier of the world.

Objective: The authors, who are from Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, the Philippines, and Taiwan, sought to illustrate the processes of training neurosurgeons in their respective settings by presenting data and analyses of the current state of neurosurgical education across the East Asian region.

Methods: The authors obtained quantitative data as key indicators of the neurosurgical workforce from each country. Qualitative data analysis was also done to provide a description of the current state of neurosurgical training and education in the region.

Central Nervous System Tuberculoma Complicated with Spinal Arachnoiditis in Immunocompetent Patient.

Background: Central nervous system (CNS) tuberculosis (TB) can manifest as meningitis, abscess, tuberculoma or other manifestations. CNS TB is a rare TB complication, and its diagnosis remains a challenge since it has clinical and imaging features that resemble other diseases. The antituberculosis treatment has a significant role in determining a patient's outcome and prevent complications and mortality.