Study on Colloid Vibration Current in Aqueous Solution of Binary Surfactant Mixtures: Effects of Counterions and Hydrophobic Chains.

In order to elucidate an electroacoustic phenomenon of mixed micelles in an aqueous solution, we measured the colloid vibration current (CVI) in aqueous solutions of binary surfactant mixtures. Based on the thermodynamic treatment of critical micelle concentration (cmc) values determined by conductivity measurements, it was expected that dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB) and dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride (DTAC) molecules would mix ideally in the micelle. However, the micelle composition as evaluated from the CVI measurement, based on the linear dependence of the CVI value on the micelle composition, differed from the aforementioned ideality.

Gilvimarinus japonicus sp. nov., a cellulolytic and agarolytic marine bacterium isolated from coastal debris.

A cellulolytic and agarolytic bacterial strain, designated 12-2T, was isolated from a piece of cotton rope fragment washed ashore on a beach and was studied phenotypically, genotypically and phylogenetically. Analyses of 16S rRNA and gyrB gene sequences and DNA base composition suggested that the strain is a member of the genus Gilvimarinus. However, levels of 16S rRNA and gyrB gene sequence similarity between it and the type strains of Gilvimarinus species were no higher than 97.

Phase separation between conductive and insulative materials induced by the electric field.

To demonstrate that phase separation is a main mechanism of pattern formation for one of the spatiotemporal patterns emerging in the Ag and Sb electrodeposition system, I performed numerical simulations to model the mixed system of conductive and insulative materials under a steady electric field. For such a dissipative system, I derived the extended Cahn-Hilliard equation using Onsager's variational principle. My results demonstrate that conductive and insulative materials phase separate spatially under the constant-current mode.

Syntheses, photophysical properties, and photocytotoxicities of tetrakis(fluorophenyl)porphyrin derivatives bearing 2-hydroxyethylthio groups.

Porphyrin derivatives for photodynamic therapy are frequently modified with hydrophilic groups to improve their water solubility; however, such hydrophilic groups not only improve the solubility but also affect the photodynamic behavior of the compound. The suitable number and pattern of the hydrophilic substituents depend on the nature of the hydrophilic groups. In this article, we explore the optimum architecture for 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)porphyrin (TFPP) derivatives bearing 2-hydroxyethylthio substituents.

Influences of dietary protein levels and phytate contents on zinc requirement in rats.

This study investigates whether the effects of increased dietary levels of soy protein on zinc-deficient rats are due to the dietary protein content. Rats were fed two levels of demineralized soy protein (DP) diets and two levels of egg albumin (EA) diets including 7 ppm zinc (Experiment 1). Growth was depressed in rats fed a 20% DP diet (0.

Protective effect of lysozyme-galactomannan or lysozyme-palmitic acid conjugates against Edwardsiella tarda infection in carp, Cyprinus carpio L.

The protective effect of lysozyme-galactomannan or lysozyme-palmitic acid conjugates orally administered to carp, Cyprinus carpio L. was investigated using a virulent strain of Gram-negative Edwardsiella tarda isolated from an infected fish. Lysozyme-galactomannan conjugate was prepared through controlled Maillard reaction.

Novel surface functional properties of polymannosyl lysozyme constructed by genetic modification.

The surface functional properties of glycosylated lysozyme were investigated by using polymannosyl and oligomannosyl enzymes at the position 49 by genetic modification [Nakamura, S. et al. (1993) J.

[Curing effects of chlorination, ozone and UV treatments on plasmid DNAs].

Curing effects of chlorine, ozone and ultraviolet (UV) on plasmid DNAs were investigated as one of the measures of bio-hazards due to recombinant plasmids. For donor strains of plasmids, Pseudomonas aeruginosa RM 2046 harboring the self-transmissible plasmid R68 and RM 2021 harboring the cloning vector R1162, Escherichia coli C 600 ML 4903 and ML 1410 harboring the self-transmissible plasmid Rts-1 and RP4, and E. coli JM 109 harboring the cloning vector pBR 322 were used.

[Coexistent effect of clay minerals on transfer frequency of plasmid DNA to fecal coliforms isolated from ground water].

The influence of coexisting clay minerals on transfer frequencies of the self-transmissible wide-host-range plasmid R68 and the wide-host-range cloning vector R1162 mobilizing by the plasmid R68 were examined for 42 strains of fecal coliforms which were screened from ground water for their ability to express rifampicin-resistant characteristics. Broth-mating procedures revealed that 14 isolates possessed an ability to receive the plasmid R68 and 8 of them possessed an ability to mobilize the vector R1162 by the plasmid R68. Transfer frequencies of the plasmid R68 and the vector R1162 by R68 mobilization were accelerated significantly with increase in the coexisting of kaoline, montmorillonite-Na, bentonite I-Na and bentonite II-Ca in the broth-mating condition.

[Behavior of drug resistant fecal coliforms and R plasmids in a wastewater treatment plant].

Fecal coliforms were isolated from the inlet, the primary sedimentation tank, the activated sludge digestion tank, the final settling tank, the outlet and the return activated sludge drain at the municipal wastewater plant in Ube City, and examined for drug resistance and presence of R plasmids. Drug concentrations employed to distinguish resistant isolates from sensitive isolates were 25 micrograms/ml for tetracycline, kanamycin, chloramphenicol and streptomycin, 50 micrograms/ml for ampicillin, nalidixic acid and rifampicin, and 200 micrograms/ml for sulfisoxazole, respectively. Of a total of 900 isolates, 45.