Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter Point-of-Care Ultrasonography Quality Criteria Checklist: An International Consensus Statement on Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter Imaging and Measurement.

Objectives: To standardize optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) point-of-care ultrasonography (POCUS) and improve its research and clinical utility by developing the ONSD POCUS Quality Criteria Checklist (ONSD POCUS QCC).

Design: Three rounds of modified Delphi consensus process and three rounds of asynchronous discussions.

Setting: Online surveys and anonymous asynchronous discussion.

IL-17/CXCL5 signaling within the oligovascular niche mediates human and mouse white matter injury.

Cerebral small vessel disease and brain white matter injury are worsened by cardiovascular risk factors including obesity. Molecular pathways in cerebral endothelial cells activated by chronic cerebrovascular risk factors alter cell-cell signaling, blocking endogenous and post-ischemic white matter repair. Using cell-specific translating ribosome affinity purification (RiboTag) in white matter endothelia and oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs), we identify a coordinated interleukin-chemokine signaling cascade within the oligovascular niche of subcortical white matter that is triggered by diet-induced obesity (DIO).

Prevalence, Predictors, and Outcomes of Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation After Endovascular Stroke Therapy.

Background: To investigate the rates, predictors, and outcomes of prolonged mechanical ventilation (≥ 96 h) following endovascular treatment (EVT) of ischemic stroke.

Methods: Hospitalizations with acute ischemic stroke and EVT were identified using validated codes in the National Inpatient Sample (2010-2015). The primary outcome was prolonged mechanical ventilation defined as ventilation ≥ 96 consecutive hours.

Risk of thyroid cancer after therapeutic irradiation in adult patients: An Age-Based surveillance, epidemiology, and end results analysis.

Objectives/hypothesis: One risk of radiation therapy exposure (XRTe) is second primary thyroid cancer (SPTC). Previous reports examined this in children, but no population-based studies have explored XRTe and SPTC across all ages or stratified by histological subtypes.

Study Design: Database study.

Plasma Lipid Profiling Identifies Biomarkers of Cerebral Microvascular Disease.

Brain-specific sphingolipids (SLs) may serve as effective biomarkers of white matter hyperintensities (WMH). Here, we investigate the efficacy of SLs as a novel fluid-based biomarker to identify WMH reflective of chronic ischemia. Patients presenting to our stroke center for evaluation of acute neurological deficits were enrolled in the Advanced Serum Profiling in Recent Stroke (ASPIRE) study.

Utilization and safety of extracranial-intracranial bypass surgery in symptomatic steno-occlusive disorders.

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate patterns of utilization and safety of extracranial-intracranial (EC-IC) bypass in patients with symptomatic cerebrovascular steno-occlusive disorders.

Methods: Patients with one of the steno-occlusive conditions (defined as symptomatic intracranial stenosis, extracranial stenosis, and moyamoya disease) were identified using all nonfederal hospitalizations in New York (2005-2014) and Florida (2005-2015). EC-IC bypass surgery was defined using the corresponding procedure codes.

Real-World Treatment Trends in Endovascular Stroke Therapy.

Background and Purpose- Recent landmark trials provided overwhelming evidence for effectiveness of endovascular stroke therapy (EST). Yet, the impact of these trials on clinical practice and effectiveness of EST among lower volume centers remains poorly characterized. Here, we determine population-level patterns in EST performance in US hospitals and compare EST outcomes from higher versus lower volume centers.

Regional Contributions to Poststroke Disability in Endovascular Therapy.

Background And Purpose: The relative contribution of each Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) region to poststroke disability likely varies across regions. Determining the relative weights of each ASPECTS region may improve patient selection for endovascular stroke therapy (EST).

Methods: In the combined Solitaire Flow Restoration with the Intention for Thrombectomy (SWIFT), Solitaire Flow Restoration Thrombectomy for Acute Revascularization (STAR), and Solitaire Flow Restoration with the Intention for Thrombectomy as Primary Endovascular Treatment (SWIFT PRIME) databases, we identified patients treated with the Solitaire stent retriever.

Long-term retreatment rates of cerebral aneurysms in a population-level cohort.

Background: The likelihood of retreatment in patients undergoing procedures for cerebral aneurysms (CAs) has an important role in deciding the optimal treatment type. Existing determinations of retreatment rates, particularly for unruptured CAs, may not represent current clinical practice.

Objective: To use population-level data to examine a large cohort of patients with treated CAs over a 10-year period to estimate retreatment rates for both ruptured and unruptured CAs and explore the effect of changing treatment practices.