Dihydromyricetin supplementation improves ethanol-induced lipid accumulation and inflammation.

Introduction: Excessive alcohol consumption leads to a myriad of detrimental health effects, including alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD). Unfortunately, no available treatments exist to combat the progression of ALD beyond corticosteroid administration and/or liver transplants. Dihydromyricetin (DHM) is a bioactive polyphenol and flavonoid that has traditionally been used in Chinese herbal medicine for its robust antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.

Genomics and transcriptomic alterations of the glutamate receptors in acute myeloid leukemia.

Glutamine and glutamate have been widely explored as potential therapeutic targets in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In addition to its bioenergetic role in leukemia cell proliferation, L-glutamate is a neurotransmitter that acts on glutamate receptors. However, the role of glutamate receptors in AML is largely understudied.

DBPMod: a supervised learning model for computational recognition of DNA-binding proteins in model organisms.

DNA-binding proteins (DBPs) play critical roles in many biological processes, including gene expression, DNA replication, recombination and repair. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying these processes depends on the precise identification of DBPs. In recent times, several computational methods have been developed to identify DBPs.

Analytical code sharing practices in biomedical research.

Data-driven computational analysis is becoming increasingly important in biomedical research, as the amount of data being generated continues to grow. However, the lack of practices of sharing research outputs, such as data, source code and methods, affects transparency and reproducibility of studies, which are critical to the advancement of science. Many published studies are not reproducible due to insufficient documentation, code, and data being shared.

Scientists without borders: lessons from Ukraine.

Conflicts and natural disasters affect entire populations of the countries involved and, in addition to the thousands of lives destroyed, have a substantial negative impact on the scientific advances these countries provide. The unprovoked invasion of Ukraine by Russia, the devastating earthquake in Turkey and Syria, and the ongoing conflicts in the Middle East are just a few examples. Millions of people have been killed or displaced, their futures uncertain.

Rigorous benchmarking of T-cell receptor repertoire profiling methods for cancer RNA sequencing.

The ability to identify and track T-cell receptor (TCR) sequences from patient samples is becoming central to the field of cancer research and immunotherapy. Tracking genetically engineered T cells expressing TCRs that target specific tumor antigens is important to determine the persistence of these cells and quantify tumor responses. The available high-throughput method to profile TCR repertoires is generally referred to as TCR sequencing (TCR-Seq).

Drug-drug interactions involving CFTR modulators: a review of the evidence and clinical implications.

Introduction: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is characterized by mucus accumulation impairing the lungs, gastrointestinal tract, and other organs. Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulators (ivacaftor, tezacaftor, elexacaftor, and lumacaftor) significantly improve lung function and nutritional status; however, they are substrates, inhibitors, and/or inducers of certain CYP enzymes and transporters, raising the risk of drug-drug interactions (DDI) with common CF medications.

Areas Covered: A literature search was conducted for DDIs involving CFTR modulators by reviewing new drug applications, drug package inserts, clinical studies, and validated databases of substrates, inhibitors, and inducers.

Use of Microfluidics to Prepare Lipid-Based Nanocarriers.

Lipid-based nanoparticles (LBNPs) are an important tool for the delivery of a diverse set of drug cargoes, including small molecules, oligonucleotides, and proteins and peptides. Despite their development over the past several decades, this technology is still hindered by issues with the manufacturing processes leading to high polydispersity, batch-to-batch and operator-dependent variability, and limits to the production volumes. To overcome these issues, the use of microfluidic techniques in the production of LBNPs has sharply increased over the past two years.

Potentially Inappropriate Medication Use in Community-Dwelling Older Adults Living with Dementia.

Background: The Beers Criteria identifies potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) that should be avoided in older adults living with dementia.

Objective: The aim of this study was to provide estimates of the prevalence and persistence of PIM use among community-dwelling older adults living with dementia in 2011-2017.

Methods: Medicare claims data were used to create an analytic dataset spanning from 2011 to 2017.

Biomimetic SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Nanoparticles.

COVID-19 is an infectious respiratory disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This virus contains a crucial coat protein that engages with target cells a receptor binding domain (RBD) on its spike protein. To better study the RBD and its therapeutic opportunities, we genetically engineered a simple fusion with a thermo-responsive elastin-like polypeptide (ELP).

Safety of elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor dose reduction: Mechanistic exploration through physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling and a clinical case series.

Introduction: Elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ETI) treatment is associated with significant improvement in lung function in people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF); however, some patients experience adverse effects (AEs) including hepatotoxicity. One potential strategy is dose reduction in ETI with the goal of maintaining therapeutic efficacy while resolving AEs. We report our experience of dose reduction in individuals who experienced AEs following ETI therapy.

TAMPA: interpretable analysis and visualization of metagenomics-based taxon abundance profiles.

Background: Metagenomic taxonomic profiling aims to predict the identity and relative abundance of taxa in a given whole-genome sequencing metagenomic sample. A recent surge in computational methods that aim to accurately estimate taxonomic profiles, called taxonomic profilers, has motivated community-driven efforts to create standardized benchmarking datasets and platforms, standardized taxonomic profile formats, and a benchmarking platform to assess tool performance. While this standardization is essential, there is currently a lack of tools to visualize the standardized output of the many existing taxonomic profilers.