Investigating pain in heart failure patients: the pain assessment, incidence, and nature in heart failure (PAIN-HF) study.

Background: Patients with advanced heart failure (HF) have high rates of pain and other symptoms that diminish quality of life. We know little about the characteristics and correlates of pain in patients with advanced HF.

Methods And Results: We identified pain prevalence, location, character, severity, frequency, and correlates in 347 outpatients with advanced HF enrolled from hospices and clinics.