RENEWED: A follow-up study of the opicinumab phase 2 RENEW study in participants with acute optic neuritis.

Background: The randomized, phase 2 RENEW trial (NCT01721161) evaluated efficacy/safety of opicinumab (anti-LINGO-1) versus placebo in patients with first-episode unilateral acute optic neuritis (AON). Although no significant differences in the latency recovery of visual evoked potential (VEP) were observed between opicinumab and placebo groups in the intention to treat (ITT) population, the prespecified per-protocol (PP) population showed better recovery with opicinumab than with placebo. RENEWED (NCT02657915) was a one-visit, follow-up study 2 years after the last RENEW study visit (Week 32) designed to assess the long-term electrophysiological and clinical outcomes for participants previously enrolled and having received study treatment in RENEW.

The clinical and economic value of enhanced influenza vaccines for the elderly in Argentina.

Background: Enhanced influenza vaccines are the best option for the elderly. In 2021, Argentina introduced the MF59-adjuvanted inactivated influenza vaccine (aIIV) for individuals aged 65 years. and above, in the national immunization program.

Green flowers need yellow to get noticed in a green world.

Background And Aims: Flower colour is a key feature in plant-pollinator interactions that make the flowers visible amid the surrounding green vegetation. Green flowers are expected to be scarcely conspicuous to pollinators; however, many of them are visited by pollinators even in the absence of other traits that might attract pollinators (e.g.

A professional musician with progressive visuospatial concerns: a case study and review of musical alexia.

This case report presents the story of Mr. S, a professional orchestral musician with declining musical sight-reading ability, followed by progressive visuospatial and language deficits. Our novel musical assessment battery revealed deficits in music-reading (musical alexia) and music-writing (musical agraphia), with spared auditory perception and expression.

Current State of Community-Driven Radiological AI Deployment in Medical Imaging.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has become commonplace in solving routine everyday tasks. Because of the exponential growth in medical imaging data volume and complexity, the workload on radiologists is steadily increasing. AI has been shown to improve efficiency in medical image generation, processing, and interpretation, and various such AI models have been developed across research laboratories worldwide.

A Population-Wide Exploration of the THAP11 CAG Repeat Size and Structure in the 100,000 Genomes Project and UK Biobank.

Background: A CAG repeat expansion in THAP11 was recently found to be associated with spinocerebellar ataxia in two Chinese families. Expanded repeats ranged from 45 to 100 units, with CAA sequence interruptions in the 5' region and an uninterrupted CAG tract in the 3' tail.

Objective: Here, we assess the population distribution of the THAP11 repeat, and its contribution to neurological diseases.

Design of high specificity binders for peptide-MHC-I complexes.

Class I MHC molecules present peptides derived from intracellular antigens on the cell surface for immune surveillance, and specific targeting of these peptide-MHC (pMHC) complexes could have considerable utility for treating diseases. Such targeting is challenging as it requires readout of the few outward facing peptide antigen residues and the avoidance of extensive contacts with the MHC carrier which is present on almost all cells. Here we describe the use of deep learning-based protein design tools to design small proteins that arc above the peptide binding groove of pMHC complexes and make extensive contacts with the peptide.

Anterior communicating artery aneurysm with concomitant A2 segment triplication and anterior communicating artery fenestration, A rare case series on microsurgical treatment.

Introduction And Importance: There are few cases of multiple simultaneous anterior communicating artery (AComA) aneurysms with A2 triplication and AComA duplication.

Cases Presentation: (1) A fenestrated AComA with a saccular aneurysm (neck diameter 9 mm; dome height 8 mm) projecting superiorly from the distal AComA branch, as well as an anomalous artery arising from the posterior surface of the same AComA. (2) A duplicate AComA with a saccular aneurysm (neck diameter of 5 mm; dome height of 9 mm) projecting superioposteriorly from the distal AComA branch, as well as an anomalous artery arising from the anterior surface of the same AComA was diagnosed.

Diagenesis of the Clay-Sulfate Stratigraphic Transition, Mount Sharp Group, Gale Crater, Mars.

The diversity and abundance of diagenetic textures observed in sedimentary rocks of the clay-sulfate transition recorded in the stratigraphic record of Gale crater are distinctive within the rover's traverse. This study catalogs all textures observed by the MAHLI instrument, including their abundances, morphologies, and cross-cutting relationships in order to suggest a paragenetic sequence in which multiple episodes of diagenetic fluid flow were required to form co-occurring color variations, pits, and nodules; secondary nodule populations; and two generations of Ca sulfate fracture-filling vein precipitation. Spatial heterogeneities in the abundance and diversity of these textures throughout the studied stratigraphic section loosely correlate with stratigraphic unit, suggesting that grain size and compaction controls on fluid pathways influenced their formation; these patterns are especially prevalent in the Pontours member, where primary stratigraphy is entirely overprinted by a nodular fabric, and the base of the stratigraphic section, where increased textural diversity may be influenced by the underlying less permeable clay-bearing rocks of the Glen Torridon region.

A Phase 1 Study to Evaluate the Pharmacokinetic Drug-Drug Interaction Between Islatravir and Methadone in Participants on Stable Methadone Therapy.

Islatravir is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase translocation inhibitor in development for the treatment of HIV-1. People living with HIV-1 receiving methadone maintenance therapy may benefit from islatravir. This study was designed to evaluate single-dose islatravir on steady-state methadone pharmacokinetics.

Sunvozertinib monotherapy in EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor-resistant non-small cell lung cancer with EGFR mutations.

Background: Multiple agents can be used to treat patients with EGFR mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who develop resistance to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), but the clinical outcome was not satisfactory, especially in patients with multiple lines of prior therapies. Therefore, there is an unmet medical need for these patients. Sunvozertinib is an oral, potent, irreversible, and mutant-selective EGFR TKI targeting EGFR mutations with weak activity against wild-type EGFR.

Treatment sequence with tebentafusp and immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with metastatic uveal melanoma and metastatic GNA11/GNAQ mutant melanocytic tumors.

Background: Metastatic uveal melanoma (mUM) is rare. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have shown modest efficacy in mUM. Tebentafusp prolonged overall survival (OS) in a phase 3 study.

Larval ground plan of Platynectes Régimbart, 1879 reconsidered: description of the larvae of three species with phylogenetic considerations (Coleoptera: Adephaga, Dytiscidae).

In this contribution we describe and illustrate for the first time the larvae of three species of Platynectes Régimbart, 1879 (P. agallithoplotes Gustafson, Short & Miller, 2016, P. bakewelli (Clark, 1863), and P.

First record of Nicobium LeConte (Coleoptera: Ptinidae: Anobiinae) from Baltic amber with the description of a new extinct species.

The first extinct Paleogene species of the Anobiinae genus Nicobium LeConte, 1861 is described based on an inclusion in Baltic amber. Two characteristic features distinguishing the extinct species (among other characters present in one combination or another in extant species) are sparse, inconspicuous elytral pubescence and rectangular, sharp posterior pronotal angles. The new species, Nicobium necrocrator sp.

Revealing the Baja California Peninsula's Hidden Treasures: An Annotated checklist of the native bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila).

To date, the knowledge of bee diversity in the Baja California Peninsula has primarily relied on large, sporadic expeditions from the first half of the 20th century. To address the knowledge gaps, we conducted extensive fieldwork from 2019 to 2023, visited entomological collections in Mexico and USA, and accessed digital databases and community science platforms to compile records. As a result of our field surveys, we identified 521 morphospecies, with 350 recognized as valid species, including 96 new records for the Baja California Peninsula and 68 new findings for Mexico, including the rediscovery of Megachile seducta Mitchell, 1934, ranked as possibly extinct.

Protocol for measuring anti-fentanyl antibodies in mouse serum by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) offers an effective, inexpensive, and reliable approach for the analysis of humoral immune responses. Here, we describe a protocol for measuring anti-fentanyl antibodies generated by the immunization of mice with novel opioid vaccine candidates. We describe steps for coating BSA-fentanyl antigen and standard wells.

Retinal direction of motion is reliably transmitted to visual cortex through highly selective thalamocortical connections.

Motion perception is crucial to animal survival and effective environmental interactions. In mammals, detection of movement begins in the retina. Directionally selective (DS) retinal ganglion cells were first discovered in the rabbit eye, and they have since been found in mouse, cat, and monkey.

Biological, as opposed to classic antipsoriatic drug or apremilast, treatment mitigates the risk of death and cardiovascular disease in psoriasis.

Background: Cardiovascular comorbidity increases morbidity and mortality in psoriasis. Systemic treatments, particularly biologics, are effective in alleviating skin and joint inflammation. Conversely, the impact of systemic therapy on cardiovascular disease risk and mortality in psoriasis remains uncertain.

Recovery from HPV vaccination deficits caused by the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany: a modeling study of catch-up HPV vaccination among adolescent girls.

Health care disruptions associated with the COVID-19 pandemic have caused persistent decreases in human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination uptake in Germany. The objective of this study was to estimate the cumulative deficit in first doses of the HPV vaccine administered to girls in Germany since the beginning of the pandemic and the projected time to recover from this deficit at different catch-up vaccination uptake levels, focusing on girls 9-14 years of age. This study used a published HPV vaccination modeling tool.

Immunotherapy for hormone receptor‒positive HER2-negative breast cancer.

Additional therapies are needed to improve outcomes in patients with hormone receptor-positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative breast cancer. Research on the potential role of immunotherapy, particularly programmed cell death protein 1/programmed cell death ligand 1 inhibitors, is rapidly expanding in both the early and metastatic settings with some preliminary evidence suggesting benefit when used as part of combination therapy. Several ongoing phase 3 studies should help define their future role in treating these patients.

Persistent Lateral Knee Pain From a 10% Thickness Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Tear in a 36-Year-Old Runner.

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears are due to jumping, rapid decelerating, or quick changes in direction, but recent research indicates that accumulated tissue fatigue from repetitive submaximal knee loading can also cause ACL disruption. Partial degenerative ACL tears due to overuse are currently thought to be asymptomatic until the ligament is at least 50% torn. In this case, a 36-year-old female runner presenting with sharp lateral joint line knee pain, which precluded running or hiking over one mile, was found to have an atraumatic 10% thickness ACL tear.

Venous aneurysm leading to fatal pulmonary thromboembolism with a history of a remote stab wound of the extremity.

Venous aneurysms are rare, and their incidence is unknown. External iliac vein aneurysms are even more rare with only 50 case reports published from 1950 to 2018. We present a case of an individual who died suddenly from a pulmonary thromboembolic event due to an external iliac vein aneurysm formed by a remote penetrating injury.

Risk of Surgical Overtreatment in cN1 Breast Cancer Patients who Become ypN0 After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: SLNB Versus TAD.

Background: Two surgical approaches have emerged for axillary staging in cN1 breast cancer patients after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC): sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) and targeted axillary dissection (TAD). Direct comparisons of technical and oncological outcomes with SLNB versus TAD are lacking.

Methods: We routinely performed SLNB from 2017 to 2018 for cN1 breast cancer patients who converted to cN0 after NAC, then adopted TAD from 2019 to 2022.

Plasma arginine as a predictive biomarker for outcomes with immune checkpoint inhibition in metastatic colorectal cancer: a correlative analysis of the CCTG CO.26 trial.

Background: Nutritional stress is a mechanism that allows tumor cells to evade the immune system. Arginine (ARG), an amino acid involved in immunomodulation, aids in regulating T-lymphocyte cell activity and the antitumor response. ARG deficiency in the tumor microenvironment can impair T-cell response while ARG supplementation may promote antitumor immune activity.