Acute Muscle Weakness in Graves' Disease: A Case Report of Hypokalemic Thyrotoxic Periodic Paralysis.

Thyrotoxic periodic paralysis (TPP) is a rare but significant complication of hyperthyroidism, characterized by episodes of muscle weakness or paralysis and associated hypokalemia. This case report details a 30-year-old Latin American male with a history of Graves' disease, presenting with acute muscle weakness and hypokalemia. The patient reported transient episodes of weakness over recent weeks, culminating in a severe episode prompting emergency evaluation.

Safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and antimalarial activity of MMV533: a phase 1a first-in-human, randomised, ascending dose and food effect study, and a phase 1b Plasmodium falciparum volunteer infection study.

Background: Novel antimalarials are needed to address emerging resistance to artemisinin and partner drugs. We did two trials to evaluate safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and activity against blood stage Plasmodium falciparum for the drug candidate MMV533.

Methods: A phase 1a first-in-human (FIH) trial was conducted at Nucleus Network (Melbourne, VIC, Australia).

Macrophage and osteosarcoma cell crosstalk is dependent on oxygen tension and 3D culture.

Osteosarcoma (OS), the most common form of primary bone cancer in young adults, has had no improvements in clinical outcomes in 50 years. This highlights a critical need to advance mechanistic understanding of OS to further therapeutic discovery, which will only be possible with accurate models of the disease. Compared to traditional monolayer studies and preclinical models, in vitro models that better replicate the three-dimensional (3D) bone marrow microenvironment will facilitate methodical investigations of the events and factors that drive OS progression.

Staff and Providers' Perceptions of Patients' PrEP Candidacy, Acceptability, and Adherence in Methadone Clinic Settings.

Background: People who use drugs and patients in substance use treatment may be placed at high risk for HIV due to mixing sex and drugs, potential engagement in sex work, and injection drug use. However, pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) adoption among these populations remains low. Methadone clinics, a main point of contact with the healthcare system for this population, are a missed opportunity to offer biomedical HIV prevention.

Complications of Estimating Hatchery Introgression in the Face of Rapid Divergence: A Case Study in Brook Trout ().

Fish stocking has been utilized for over a century to offset extirpations or declines in abundance of many native species. These historical declines and hatchery contributions have led to uncertainty surrounding whether many contemporary populations are native, introgressed with hatchery sources, or entirely of hatchery origin. Such uncertainty is problematic for the conservation of native biodiversity as it hampers management agencies' ability to prioritize the conservation of indigenous locally adapted populations.

An Improved pH-Driven Method for Upcycling Polyphenols from Plants or Byproducts into Foods.

The incorporation of polyphenols into food systems provides various health benefits, yet their stability and bioactivity are often compromised by processing conditions. In this study, we advanced the pH-driven method for processing highly pH-sensitive polyphenols, such as quercetin, by optimizing operating conditions, including minimizing oxygen exposure and reducing operating times. As a result, an improved post-pH-driven (PPD) method was developed to encapsulate pH-sensitive quercetin into nanoemulsions with an encapsulation efficiency exceeding 95%, indicating that this method could be broadly applicable for incorporating various polyphenols.

MRI findings in six dogs with ependymoma of the brain and spinal cord.

There are few published descriptions of the MRI appearance of canine intracranial or spinal cord ependymoma. In this multicenter, retrospective, secondary analysis, case series study, three veterinary radiologists independently reviewed and recorded imaging characteristics of MRI studies in six dogs with histopathologically confirmed ependymoma (three intracranial and three spinal cord cases). A consensus was reached when there was disagreement on specific features.

Computed tomographic findings in 25 cats with ear canal neoplasia.

Computed tomography is commonly used to evaluate feline otic disease; however, published studies characterizing the CT appearance of ear canal neoplasia are limited. The purpose of this multicenter, retrospective, secondary analysis, cross-sectional study was to describe the CT features of histopathologically confirmed feline ear canal neoplasia. The CT studies of 25 cats with ear canal neoplasia were prospectively scored by consensus of two veterinary radiologists.

Bevacizumab-induced subungual hemorrhage.

Exudative (wet) age-related macular degeneration can be treated with the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-inhibiting monoclonal antibody bevacizumab. Currently, bevacizumab therapy is associated with known skin-related side effects, such as rash, mucosal hemorrhage, and hemorrhagic ulcers. While subungual "splinter" hemorrhage is a documented side effect of VEGF receptor antagonists and Raf protein inhibitors, there are no prior reports of bevacizumab-induced subungual hemorrhage to the best of our knowledge.

Epidemiology of traumatic cervical artery dissections.

Introduction: Unlike spontaneous cervical artery dissection (CeAD), the incidence of CeAD after a major trauma is not well characterized. This population-based observational study investigates the epidemiology and natural history of traumatic cervical artery dissection (CeADs) using data from the Rochester Epidemiology Project (REP) in Olmsted County, USA.

Methods: The REP system database has a high likelihood of complete case ascertainment and comparable demographics (age, sex) to the US population.

Characteristics and outcomes in patients with lenalidomide-refractory multiple myeloma treated with 1-3 prior lines of therapy: Analysis of individual patient-level data from daratumumab clinical trials.

Background: The introduction of proteasome inhibitors (PIs) and lenalidomide as treatment for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM) has led to an increased population of lenalidomide-refractory patients. Limited data are available characterizing current treatments and outcomes in this difficult-to-treat population.

Methods: Individual patient-level data were analyzed from the treatment arms of multiple daratumumab studies, including APOLLO, CASTOR, CANDOR, EQUULEUS, ALCYONE, MAIA, GRIFFIN, POLLUX, and CASSIOPEIA.

A Software Framework for the Functional Lumen Imaging Probe-Mechanics (MechView).

Background: The functional lumen imaging probe (FLIP) has proven to be a versatile device for diagnosing esophageal motility disorders and estimating esophageal wall compliance, but there is a lack of viable software for quantitative assessment of FLIP measurements.

Methods: A Python-based web framework was developed for a unified assessment of FLIP measurements including clinical metrics such as esophagogastric junction (EGJ) distensibility index (DI), maximum EGJ opening diameter, mechanics-based metrics for estimating strength, and effectiveness of contractions, such as contraction power and displaced volume, and machine learning-based clustering and predictive algorithms such as the virtual disease landscape (VDL) and EGJ obstruction probability. The clinical and VDL probability metrics were then validated using FLIP data from 121 subjects constituting different categories of EGJ opening which were diagnosed by expert clinicians.

Electron-Phonon Coupling in Copper-Substituted Lead Phosphate Apatite.

Recent reports of room-temperature, ambient pressure superconductivity in copper-substituted lead phosphate apatite, commonly referred to as LK99, have prompted numerous theoretical and experimental studies into its properties. As the electron-phonon interaction is a common mechanism for superconductivity, the electron-phonon coupling strength is an important quantity to compute for LK99. In this work, we compare the electron-phonon coupling strength among the proposed compositions of LK99.

REsolution of Symptoms afTer Oesophago-gastric cancer REsection delphi (RESTOREd)-standardizing the definition, investigation and management of gastrointestinal symptoms and conditions after surgery.

Background: Oesophago-gastric cancer surgery negatively affects quality of life with a high postoperative symptom burden. Several conditions that may be diagnosed and treated after surgery are recognised. However, consensus regarding their definition and management is lacking.

Diffuse Glioneuronal Tumor With Oligodendroglioma-Like Features and Nuclear Clusters Relapse in a Seven-Year-Old Boy: An Unusual Case Exhibiting Near-Tetraploidy and Chromosome 14 Diploidy.

Diffuse glioneuronal tumor with oligodendroglioma-like features and nuclear clusters (DGONC) is a rare brain tumor of the central nervous system (CNS). Although only a few cases of DGONC have been reported following the initial description of the tumor, they have a distinct DNA methylation pattern and share a recurrent chromosomal finding of monosomy 14. We encountered a seven-year-old boy who presented with seizures and was found to have a left frontal and suprasellar mass.

Sex-related differences in outcomes and prognosis of severe calcific mitral stenosis due to mitral annular calcification: A propensity-score matched cohort study.

Background: The prevalence of severe calcific mitral stenosis (MS) is higher in female patients. The aim of the study was to assess the sex-related differences in clinical characteristics and prognosis in patients with severe calcific MS.

Methods: Among 7154 adult patients with MS due to mitral annular calcification who underwent echocardiography between October 2010 and August 2020, 287 patients with severe MS were retrospectively analyzed.