Comparing the efficacy of different proton pump inhibitor dosing regimens for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Several proton pump inhibitor (PPI) dosing regimens that vary by strength and frequency (once [Qday] or twice [BID] daily) are available to treat gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). We performed an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the impact of various PPI regimens on esophageal healing and GERD and heartburn symptoms. To identify relevant studies, we searched EMBASE and PubMed in January 2023, which yielded 1381 records.

The Cost Effectiveness of Adjunctive Treatments for Proton Pump Inhibitor-Refractory Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease.

Background And Objective: Half of patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) experience persistent symptoms while on proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), thus driving efforts to develop novel adjunctive therapies for PPI-refractory GERD. An economic analysis was performed to establish at what cost and efficacy such potential medications are likely to become cost effective in clinical practice.

Methods: A Markov decision model was used to examine a hypothetical cohort of patients being evaluated for PPI-refractory GERD in the USA.

The Role of Virtual Reality in the Management of Irritable Bowel Syndrome.

Purpose Of Review: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a disorder of gut-brain interaction that significantly impacts health-related quality of life (HRQOL). This article explores the potential role of virtual reality (VR)-based cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) in treating patients with IBS.

Recent Findings: While CBT is a proven, skills-based therapy approach that modifies behaviors and alters dysfunctional thinking patterns to influence the gut-brain axis and improve IBS symptoms, it is rarely prescribed given a paucity of CBT-trained clinicians.

Variation in content discussed by specialty in consultations for clinically localized prostate cancer.

Introduction: Multidisciplinary consultations improve decisional conflict and guideline-concordant treatment for men with prostate cancer (PC), but differences in the content discussed by specialty during consultations are unknown.

Methods: We audiorecorded and transcribed 50 treatment consultations for localized PC across a multidisciplinary sample of urologists, radiation oncologists, and medical oncologists. Conversation was coded for narrative content using an open coding approach, grouping similar topics into major content areas.

Variation in communication of side effects in prostate cancer treatment consultations.

Background: Effective communication of treatment side effects (SE) is critical for shared decision-making (SDM) in localized prostate cancer. We sought to qualitatively characterize how physicians communicate SE in consultations.

Methods: We transcribed 50 initial prostate cancer treatment consultations across nine multidisciplinary providers (Urologists, Radiation Oncologists, Medical Oncologists) at our tertiary referral, academic center.

Use of Persuasive Language in Communication of Risk during Prostate Cancer Treatment Consultations.

Background: Physician treatment preference may influence how risks are communicated in prostate cancer consultations. We identified persuasive language used when describing cancer prognosis, life expectancy, and side effects in relation to a physician's recommendation for aggressive (surgery/radiation) or nonaggressive (active surveillance/watchful waiting) treatment.

Methods: A qualitative analysis was performed on transcribed treatment consultations of 40 men with low- and intermediate-risk prostate cancer across 10 multidisciplinary providers.

Determining patient preferences for the medical management of osteoporosis using conjoint analysis.

Unlabelled: We used conjoint analysis-a method that assesses complex decision making-to quantify patients' choices when selecting an osteoporosis therapy. While 60% of people prioritized medication efficacy when deciding among treatments, the remaining 40% highly valued factors other than efficacy, suggesting the need for personalized shared decision-making tools.

Introduction: In this study, we aimed to examine patient decision-making surrounding osteoporosis medications using conjoint analysis.

Prevalence and Burden of Illness of Rome IV Chronic Idiopathic Constipation, Opioid-Induced Constipation, and Opioid-Exacerbated Constipation in the United States.

Introduction: Chronic idiopathic constipation (CIC) and opioid-induced constipation (OIC) are disorders that negatively affect quality of life. We sought to assess the prevalence, symptom severity, and medication use among people with Rome IV CIC, OIC, and opioid-exacerbated constipation (OEC) using a nationally representative data set with nearly 89,000 people in the United States.

Methods: From May 3, 2020, to June 24, 2020, we recruited a representative sample of people in the United States ≥ 18 years to complete an online national health survey.

Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients' Preferences for Subcutaneous versus Intravenous Therapies: A Mixed-Methods Study.

Background: Multiple biologics are available to treat inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which can either be administered subcutaneously or intravenously. The factors that determine patients' preferences for SC/IV administration in IBD are largely unknown. This study aims to elucidate how IBD patients trade off between medications' route of administration and other medication characteristics and to understand what drives patients' preferences.

Satisfaction With Telehealth Among Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome During COVID-19: Cross-Sectional Survey Findings.

Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 rapidly shifted health care toward telehealth. We assessed satisfaction with and preferences for telehealth among patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey in an integrated healthcare system in Southern California with members aged 18-90 years with an International Classification of Diseases 9 and 10 codes for IBS from office-based encounters between June 1, 2018, and June 1, 2020.

Fecal immunochemical test (FIT) versus colonoscopy: Does knowing that a positive FIT requires a follow-up colonoscopy affect initial decision making in the US?

Although many people prefer fecal immunochemical test (FIT) over colonoscopy due to its noninvasive nature, it is unclear whether FIT would still be preferred for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening if they were explicitly informed that + FIT requires follow-up colonoscopy. To address this gap, we administered two conjoint analysis surveys-one that explained the need for a follow-up colonoscopy after + FIT while the other did not-to a US nationwide sample of Americans and then assessed whether there were differences in colonoscopy/FIT preferences between cohorts. We recruited adults ≥ 40yo who had not undergone CRC screening via an online survey research firm.

Sex-based differences in remote monitoring of biometric, psychometric and biomarker indices in stable ischemic heart disease.

Background: Sex-based differences are crucial to consider in the formulation of a personalized treatment plan. We evaluated sex-based differences in adherence and remotely monitored biometric, psychometric, and biomarker data among patients with stable ischemic heart disease (IHD).

Methods: The Prediction, Risk, and Evaluation of Major Adverse Cardiac Events (PRE-MACE) study evaluated patients with stable IHD over a 12-week period.

Determining patient treatment preferences for management of acute pain episodes in irritable bowel syndrome.

Background: Many patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) experience acute and unexpected pain episodes over and above chronic background symptoms, and there are emerging medications designed to treat such pain. We aimed to use conjoint analysis-a technique that elucidates how people make complex decisions-to examine patient preferences for emerging medicines for breakthrough IBS pain.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional conjoint analysis survey among patients with Rome IV IBS and recurrent episodes of acute pain to assess the relative importance of medication attributes in their decision-making.

Social media analytics of overactive bladder posts: what do patients know and want to know?

Objective: To assess women's knowledge, patient experience, and treatment decision making regarding overactive bladder (OAB) using digital ethnography.

Methods: Online posts were identified using a data mining service. Two hundred randomized posts were reviewed and coded using grounded theory.

Increased Risk of COVID-19 Among Users of Proton Pump Inhibitors.

Introduction: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) increase the risk for enteric infections that is likely related to PPI-induced hypochlorhydria. Although the impact of acid suppression on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is unknown thus far, previous data revealed that pH ≤3 impairs the infectivity of the similar severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 1. Thus, we aimed to determine whether use of PPIs increases the odds for acquiring coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among community-dwelling Americans.

An assessment of symptom burden in inflammatory bowel diseases to develop a patient preference-weighted symptom score.

Purpose: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients experience diverse symptoms and the impact of these different symptoms varies substantially. Current disease activity measures do not account for the relative importance of the different symptoms and severity levels. In this study, we aimed to quantify the relative importance of different symptoms for IBD patients and to develop a patient preference-weighted symptom (PWS) score to assess symptom burden in IBD.

Chronic Constipation in the United States: Results From a Population-Based Survey Assessing Healthcare Seeking and Use of Pharmacotherapy.

Objectives: Chronic idiopathic constipation (CIC) is characterized by unsatisfactory defecation and difficult or infrequent stools. CIC affects 9%-20% of adults in the United States, and although prevalent, gaps in knowledge remain regarding CIC healthcare seeking and medication use in the community. We recruited a population-based sample to determine the prevalence and predictors of (i) individuals having discussed their constipation symptoms with a healthcare provider and (ii) the use of constipation therapies.

A qualitative inquiry into patients' perspectives on individualized priorities for treatment outcomes in inflammatory bowel diseases.

Purpose: Patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) experience a variety of symptoms and limitations due to their condition. While many outcome measures are available to assess IBD symptom level and disease activity, individual patients' preferences are usually not accounted for. Individualized outcome measures allow individual patients to select and weigh outcomes based on their relative importance, and have been developed in other medical disciplines.

Patient and provider differences in the treatment of opioid-induced constipation: a qualitative study.

Background: Patients using opioids to treat chronic non-cancer pain often experience side effects that may affect health-related quality of life (HRQOL). These side effects include opioid-induced constipation (OIC), sedation, dizziness, and nausea. OIC can significantly affect HRQOL for patients on a daily basis.

Patient Experiences and Outcomes of a Telehealth Clinical Care Pathway for Postoperative Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients.

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