Impact of Anti-Fatigue Floor Mat on Surgical Staff Comfort Levels in Head and Neck Surgery Cases.

Objective: Musculoskeletal symptoms are common among surgical staff and can have long-term implications on health and wellbeing. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of anti-fatigue floor mat on the comfort level of surgical teams during head and neck surgeries lasting ≥ 3 h.

Methods: Over 4 months, we prospectively randomized 34 major (≥ 3 h) head and neck procedures to the use or not of an anti-fatigue floor mat.

A scoping review and expert consensus on digital determinants of health.

Objective: To map how social, commercial, political and digital determinants of health have changed or emerged during the recent digital transformation of society and to identify priority areas for policy action.

Methods: We systematically searched MEDLINE, Embase and Web of Science on 24 September 2023, to identify eligible reviews published in 2018 and later. To ensure we included the most recent literature, we supplemented our review with non-systematic searches in PubMed® and Google Scholar, along with records identified by subject matter experts.

Digitalization of health care in low- and middle-income countries.

The rising incidence of noncommunicable diseases, combined with the costs of mitigating climate change, sovereign debt and regional conflicts, is undermining global health security and threatening progress towards achieving the sustainable development goals of the United Nations. The negative impact of these polycrises is disproportionately borne by low- and middle-income countries, which have the highest disease burden and lowest health-care spending. Health digitalization is emerging as a promising countermeasure, accelerated by artificial intelligence (AI) software and quantum computing hardware.

Characterization of food waste in Grizzly Dining Hall at Georgia Gwinnett College: A critical step toward sustainable food waste management.

This project investigated the generation and characterization of post-service food waste at Georgia Gwinnett College dining hall from Spring 2022 to Spring 2023. In Spring 2022, for three weeks, twice a week, a total of 115.08 kg of post-service food waste was collected by cafeteria workers.

Wintertime black carbon assessment in dhaka, Bangladesh: Integrated health risk analysis.

This study investigated the ramifications of black carbon (BC) emissions on human health during the winter season of December 2019 to February 2020 in Dhaka, Bangladesh. BC, arising from incomplete combustion of fossil and biofuels, underwent meticulous measurement of densities, concentrations, and emissions at two pivotal sites. Employing low-volume air samplers with Quartz filters and subsequent analysis with an Aethalometer (Soot scanner, OT21, USA), the study unveiled monthly average BC densities of 1.

Safety and efficacy of sugammadex in management of patients with myasthenia gravis undergoing general anesthesia: A systematic review.

Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze available evidence on efficacy and safety of sugammadex in reversing neuromuscular blockades in patients with Myasthenia Gravis (MG), thereby providing a comprehensive understanding of its potential benefits and risks in this specific patient population.

Methods: We performed a systematic search for studies from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Sources were screened using Rayyan, following predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria focusing on English articles published from 2010 to 2024 on MG patients under general anesthesia.

Seeing beyond words: nanotechnology in hepatocellular carcinoma - a bibliometric study.

Background: Nanotechnology has increasingly been applied in the diagnosis and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) over the past two decades. This study aims to explore the utilization of nanotechnology in HCC through a bibliometric analysis, identifying key themes, trends, and contributions in this field.

Methods: The study utilized VOSviewer and CiteSpace software to perform a bibliometric analysis, evaluating scholarly contributions related to nanotechnology in HCC.

Examining parents' perceptions of their children's autism and completion of genetic testing.

Though genetic testing is recommended for children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), both internal (e.g. parents' and providers' valuation of genetic testing) and external (e.

Vocational rehabilitation of adolescents and young adults with autism spectrum disorder: a review.

People with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), face several difficulties entering the workforce; yet when provided with appropriate support programs, can be expected to benefit from vocational rehabilitation and become independent. In this systematic literature review, supported employment programs and interventions related to the training and enhancement of vocational skills in adolescents and young adults with ASD were identified and evaluated. PubMed, ERIC, Science Direct, and Scholar Google databases were systematically searched from 2015 up to March 2021.

Psychometric properties of the Chinese translation of the self-determination inventory: parent/teacher report.

This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Chinese translation of the Self-Determination Inventory: Parent/Teacher Report (Chinese SDI: PTR). The Chinese SDI: PTR was used in an online survey of parents of students with intellectual disabilities ( = 340) and parents of students without disabilities ( = 354) to explore their perspectives on their children's self-determination. Factor structure, measurement invariance, and latent differences across the Chinese SDI: PTR groups were examined.

Application of the 2021 AAPOS Guidelines in Clinics with Revision and Validation of SPOT Referral Criteria.

Purpose: This study aims to validate and revise the Spot Vision Screener referral criteria for detecting amblyopia risk factors (ARFs), visually significant refractive error (VSRE), and amblyopia.

Methods: In clinics, we gathered data from children aged 12 months to 7 years. The validity of the cut-off values was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, with cycloplegic retinoscopy serving as a reference.

Evaluating the effectiveness of genicular radiofrequency ablation for chronic knee pain using the patient-reported outcomes measurement information system (PROMIS) global health-physical health domain: Results of a cross-sectional cohort study.

Objective: Evaluate the effectiveness of genicular nerve radiofrequency ablation (GNRFA) for chronic knee pain using the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Global Health, Physical Health score (PROMIS-GH-PH).

Methods: Patients who underwent GNRFA at a tertiary academic center were identified by CPT code query and contacted for consent. Demographic, clinical, and procedural characteristics were collected from the electronic medical record of participants with baseline PROMIS-GH-PH scores.

Quality of undifferentiated chest pain evaluation and diagnosis guidelines: a systematic review and critical appraisal.

Chest pain is a symptom that is potentially life-threatening and requires quick and accurate evaluations. This article describes the quality of guidelines related to the evaluation and diagnosis of acute, undifferentiated chest pain. After systematically evaluating existing guidelines, we found that there exists a wide variety of quality in these documents.

Left atrial appendage occlusion and radiofrequency ablation in a patient with atrial fibrillation and dextrocardia: a case report.

Background: Dextrocardia is a rare congenital condition, affecting approximately 1 in 10,000-12,000 individuals. When combined with atrial fibrillation (AF), it becomes even rarer. "One-stop" surgery, including combined radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO), has become a common clinical treatment for patients with AF who develop cerebral infarction despite regular oral anticoagulants.

Patterns of Change in Functional Connectivity and Motor Performance Are Different in Youth Recently Recovered from Concussion.

Adolescents who have sustained a concussion or mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) are prone to repeat injuries which may be related to subtle motor deficits persisting after clinical recovery. Cross-sectional research has found that these deficits are associated with altered functional connectivity among somatomotor, dorsal attention, and default mode networks. However, our understanding of how these brain-behavior relationships change over time after clinical recovery is limited.

Randomized Controlled Trial: Preliminary Investigation of the Impact of High-Intensity Treadmill Gait Training on Recovery Among Persons with Traumatic Brain Injury.

Exercise to treat traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a novel approach that has only become recognized in the past decade. High-intensity gait training (HIGT) has been studied in subjects following stroke; however, little research investigates similar protocols on patients with TBI. The study evaluated HIGT as an intervention for enhancing patient recovery after TBI.

SARS-CoV-2 CoCoPUTs: analyzing GISAID and NCBI data to obtain codon statistics, mutations, and free energy over a multiyear period.

A consistent area of interest since the beginning of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has been the sequence composition of the virus and how it has changed over time. Many resources have been developed for the storage and analysis of SARS-CoV-2 data, such as GISAID (Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data), NCBI, Nextstrain, and outbreak.info.

Early life adverse environmental, nutrition and infection factors are associated with lower developmental scores in Pakistani children at 5 years: a cohort study.

Background: The effects of multiple early adverse psychosocial and biological factors on child development at preschool age in deprived settings are not fully understood.

Methods: The 'Etiology, Risk Factors and Interactions of Enteric Infections and Malnutrition and the Consequences for Child Health and Development' (MAL-ED) project followed children from eight countries, recording sociodemographic, nutritional, illness, enteroinfection biomarkers and scores for quality of home environment (Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment (HOME)), development (Bayley) and maternal depression during the first year of life. In the Pakistan cohort, we investigated associations of these early factors with Z-scores (derived from the eight participating countries) of three developmental outcomes at 5 years: Executive Functions (Z-EF), the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale for Intelligence (Z-WPPSI) and the externalising behaviours component of the Strength and Difficulties test (Z-externalising behaviours).

Effects of vitamin D and L-cysteine cosupplementation on circulating bioavailable and total 25-hydroxy-vitamin D, the free/total testosterone ratio and inflammatory biomarkers in healthy vitamin D-deficient African Americans: a placebo-controlled double-blind clinical trial.

Background: Subjects with metabolic syndrome and obesity have higher levels of inflammation with depression of the vitamin D (VD) hydroxylase/metabolising genes () required to convert VD consumed in the diet into 25(OH)VD. Compared with total 25(OH)VD levels, measurement of bioavailable 25(OH)VD is a better method to determine the beneficial effect of VD.

Objective: This study investigates whether cosupplementation with VD and L-cysteine (LC), which downregulates inflammation and upregulates VD-regulating genes, provides a better therapeutic benefit than supplementation with VD-alone in African Americans (AA).

Health policy to address disease-related malnutrition: a scoping review.

Background: Health policies promote optimal care, yet policies that address disease-related malnutrition (DRM) are lacking. The purpose of this study was to conduct a scoping review to identify literature on existing and planned policy to address DRM in children or adults and explore the settings, contexts and actors of DRM policy.

Methods: A search strategy comprising DRM and policy keywords was applied to eight databases on 24 February 2023.

Nutrition users' guides: systematic reviews part 1 -structured guide for methodological assessment, interpretation and application of systematic reviews and meta-analyses of non-randomised nutritional epidemiology studies.

Due to the challenges of conducting randomised controlled trials (randomised trials) of dietary interventions, evidence in nutrition often comes from non-randomised (observational) studies of nutritional exposures-called nutritional epidemiology studies. When using systematic reviews of such studies to advise patients or populations on optimal dietary habits, users of the evidence (eg, healthcare professionals such as clinicians, health service and policy workers) should first evaluate the rigour (validity) and utility (applicability) of the systematic review. Issues in making this judgement include whether the review addressed a sensible question; included an exhaustive literature search; was scrupulous in the selection of studies and the collection of data; and presented results in a useful manner.

Primary care providers' perspectives on referrals to the Diabetes Prevention Programme: a qualitative comparative study across varied referral patterns.

Introduction: Despite the effectiveness of Diabetes Prevention Programmes (DPP) in reducing diabetes risk, primary care provider (PCP) referrals remain low, especially among men and racial/ethnic minorities, exacerbating their under-representation in DPPs. Understanding PCPs' perspectives on referrals is crucial for enhancing the intervention's reach and effectiveness.

Research Design And Methods: We conducted a qualitative study to explore PCPs' experiences, perspectives and engagement with DPP referrals, focusing on factors influencing variations in referral rates.

Modern perspective of the Rice Diet for hypertension and other metabolic diseases.

Background: In the early 1940s, before antihypertensive drugs were available, the Rice Diet Programme (RDP) was developed to treat severe hypertension and, later, diabetes and obesity. Despite significant advancements in dietary management for these conditions since then, debates remain regarding the proper guidelines for sodium and macronutrients intakes. The patient care records of RDP offer a unique source of longitudinal examination of a very low sodium (<10 mmol/day), fat, cholesterol and protein diet on blood pressure (BP), other health markers and survival.