Toward Safety Protocols for Peripheral Nerve Stimulation (PNS): A Computational and Experimental Approach.

As the clinical applicability of peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) expands, the need for PNS-specific safety criteria becomes pressing. This study addresses this need, utilizing a novel machine learning and computational bio-electromagnetics modeling platform to establish a safety criterion that captures the effects of fields and currents induced on axons. Our approach is comprised of three steps: experimentation, model creation, and predictive simulation.

Virginia Memory Project: Using the Healthy Brain Initiative Roadmap to design a statewide dementia registry.

Introduction: The Virginia Memory Project (VMP) is a statewide epidemiological registry for Alzheimer's disease and related disorders (ADRD) and other neurodegenerative conditions. It aims to support dementia research, policy, and care by leveraging the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Healthy Brain Initiative (HBI) Roadmap.

Methods: To capture comprehensive data, the VMP integrates self-enrollment and automatic enrollment using Virginia's All-Payer Claims Database (APCD).

Prognostic Value of D-Dimer in Acute Type A Aortic Dissection and Intramural Hematoma: Observations from the Acute Aortic Syndrome Group of the Registry of Acute Non-Traumatic Chest Pain in China.

Background: Acute type A aortic dissection (AAD) and acute type A intramural hematoma (AIMH) are life-threatening conditions with high mortality rates, and prognostic indicators are critical for guiding urgent treatment decisions. We assessed the prognostic significance of admission D-dimer levels in patients with AAD and AIMH.

Methods And Results: The prospective, multicenter, observational study in China recruited participants from 2013 to 2019.

Cadherins and Growth Factor Receptors: ligand selective mechano-switches at cadherin junctions.

This study investigated possible mechanisms underlying differences between heterophilic and homophilic cadherin adhesions that influence intercellular mechanics and multicellular organization. Results suggest that homophilic cadherin ligation selectively activates force-transduction, such that resulting signaling and mechano-transduction amplitudes are independent of cadherin binding affinities. Epithelial (E-) and neural (N-) cadherin cooperate with distinct growth factors to mechanically activate force-transduction cascades.

Predictive validity of obstacle-crossing test variations in identifying fallers after inpatient rehabilitation for stroke.

Background: The ability to step over an obstacle is often evaluated as part of fall-risk and balance assessments. Although different obstacle-crossing tests exist, their comparative predictive validity in stroke is unknown.

Objectives: To examine the predictive validity of different obstacle depths and different obstacle-crossing tests, including a novel, custom-height test and an existing "one-size-fits-all" obstacle test, for predicting post-stroke fallers.

Disopyramide Revisited for Treatment of Symptomatic Obstructive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Efficacy and Safety in Patients Treated for at Least 5 Years.

Background: Disopyramide is used to treat heart failure symptoms in patients with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) with known medium-term efficacy and safety, while long-term outcomes are unknown.

Methods And Results: A total of 92 consecutive patients with symptomatic obstructive HCM with peak left ventricular outflow tract gradients of ≥30 mm Hg at rest or with provocation who were maintained on disopyramide for ≥5 years at 2 dedicated HCM centers were included: 92 patients; mean age, 62.5 years; 54% women; treated with disopyramide for median 7.

Nocturnal pulse oxygen saturation dynamics at simulated high altitude: Predictive value for acute mountain sickness in healthy men born pre-term.

The physiological sequelae of pre-term birth might influence the responses of this population to hypoxia. Moreover, identifying variables associated with development of acute mountain sickness (AMS) remains a key practically significant area of altitude research. We investigated the effects of pre-term birth on nocturnal oxygen saturation ( ) dynamics and assessed the predictive potential of nocturnal -related metrics for morning AMS in 12 healthy adults with gestational age < 32 weeks (pre-term) and 12 term-born control participants.

Coexisting Calcific Aortic Stenosis and Transthyretin Cardiac Amyloidosis: Real-World Evaluation of Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes.

Background: The coexistence of transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis (ATTR-CA) and aortic stenosis (AS) is increasingly recognized, but the clinical consequences are unclear. We aimed to characterize clinical outcomes in AS plus ATTR-CA compared with only AS or ATTR-CA.

Methods And Results: In a retrospective cohort study, patients with AS only, ATTR-CA only, or AS plus ATTR-CA were identified using all-payer claims data (2015-2021).

Burden of Valvular Heart Diseases in a Racially and Ethnically Diverse Population: The Bronx-Valve Registry.

Background: Valvular heart disease (VHD) is a major focus of cardiovascular medicine, but limited data are available for racial and ethnic minorities. The aim was to assess the burden and clinical correlates of VHD in a highly diverse area of the United States.

Methods And Results: Individuals with echocardiographic diagnosis of native VHD between January 2010 and December 2019 at a quaternary care health system of the Bronx (New York, USA) were included.

Mapping the spatial atlas of the human bone tissue integrating spatial and single-cell transcriptomics.

Bone is a multifaceted tissue requiring orchestrated interplays of diverse cells within specialized microenvironments. Although significant progress has been made in understanding cellular and molecular mechanisms of component cells of bone, revealing their spatial organization and interactions in native bone tissue microenvironment is crucial for advancing precision medicine, as they govern fundamental signaling pathways and functional dependencies among various bone cells. In this study, we present the first integrative high-resolution map of human bone and bone marrow, using spatial and single-cell transcriptomics profiling from femoral tissue.

Distinct structural and functional heterochromatin partitioning of lamin B1 and lamin B2 revealed using genome-wide nicking enzyme epitope targeted DNA sequencing.

Gene expression is regulated by chromatin DNA methylation and other features, including histone post-translational modifications (PTMs), chromatin remodelers and transcription factor occupancy. A complete understanding of gene regulation will require the mapping of these chromatin features in small cell number samples. Here we describe a novel genome-wide chromatin profiling technology, named as Nicking Enzyme Epitope targeted DNA sequencing (NEED-seq).

Correlating autonomic physiology with symptoms of autonomic dysreflexia after spinal cord injury.

Background: Individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) commonly have autonomic dysreflexia (AD) with increased sympathetic activity. After SCI, individuals have decreased baroreflex sensitivity and increased vascular responsiveness.

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between baroreflex and blood vessel sensitivity with AD symptoms.

Number of Previous Strokes and the Association With Clinical Outcomes of Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: Longitudinal Data From the GLORIA-AF Registry.

Background: Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) who suffered a previous stroke are at increased risk of recurrent thromboembolic events and other major outcomes. The impact of the number of stroke episodes on the natural history of patients with AF is still unclear.

Methods And Results: Using data from the international, multicenter, and prospective GLORIA-AF (Global Registry on Long-Term Oral Antithrombotic Treatment in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation) Registry Phase III, we categorized patients with a recent diagnosis of non-valvular AF according to the number of previous strokes (either 0, 1, or ≥2 episodes).

The association of seizure control with neuropathology in dementia.

Seizures in people with dementia (PWD) are associated with faster cognitive decline and worse clinical outcomes. However, the relationship between ongoing seizure activity and postmortem neuropathology in PWD remains unexplored. We compared post-mortem findings in PWD with active, remote, and no seizures using multicentre data from 39 Alzheimer's Disease Centres from 2005 to 2021.

Dual test gas pulmonary diffusing capacity in patients with idiopathic scoliosis 40 years after diagnosis.

There is limited knowledge on diffusing capacity in scoliosis patients. It remains to be determined if impaired pulmonary diffusing capacity is mostly influenced by reduced alveolar-capillary membrane diffusing capacity (D), reduced pulmonary capillary blood volume (V) or both. This study aims to report findings from dual test gas pulmonary diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide and nitric oxide (D) with quantification of pulmonary diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide corrected for haemoglobin with a five s breath-hold (D) and nitric oxide with a five s breath-hold (D), D and V.

The Association Between Serum Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase and Gastrointestinal Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) has been shown to have associations with several diseases including cancers. Previous studies have investigated the effect of GGT levels on the gastrointestinal (GI) cancer incidence. We aim to systematically investigate these studies to provide better insights into the interrelationship between GGT and GI cancers.

Farm Progress Show Attendees' Use, Knowledge and Attitudes Regarding Off-Road Vehicles on Public Roads.

Most deaths due to all-terrain vehicles (ATVs) and utility task vehicles (UTVs) occur on public roads, despite manufacturers' warnings that they are not designed for roadway use. Our study objective was to determine rural residents' use, knowledge, and attitudes regarding ATVs/UTVs on public roads. A convenience sample of 2022 Farm Progress Show attendees were surveyed ( = 361).

Elevated Cerebrospinal Fluid α-Synuclein Seeding Activity Predicts Central Lewy Body Diseases.

Background: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) α-synuclein seeding activity (SSA) via a seed amplification assay might predict central Lewy body diseases (LBD) in at-risk individuals.

Objective: The aim was to assess CSF SSA in a prospective, longitudinal study.

Methods: Participants self-reported risk factors were genetics, olfactory dysfunction, dream enactment behavior, orthostatic intolerance, or hypotension; individuals who had ≥3 confirmed risk factors underwent CSF sampling and were followed for up to 7.

Extended Post-Operative Antibiotic Usage Does Not Reduce Surgical Site Infections after Spinal Surgery.

Currently there is not a clear basis of evidence for post-operative antibiotic duration in spine surgery. A better understanding of risk factors and proper dosing for antibiotics will help improve outcomes and further define appropriate antibiotic use. A single-center retrospective cohort study of all patients undergoing spinal fusions and/or decompressions between January 1, 2018, and July 1, 2023 was performed.

A Phase 1 Randomized Study to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of Single Escalating Oral Doses of Dordaviprone and the Effects of Food on the Bioavailability of Dordaviprone in Healthy Adult Subjects.

Dordaviprone (ONC201) is a novel, small molecule imipridone with antitumor effects in glioma patients. This study evaluated the pharmacokinetics and safety of dordaviprone following single escalating doses (Part A), as a capsule content mixed with applesauce or Gatorade (sports drink) [Part B1]), and with or without food [Part B2]. The most common treatment-emergent adverse events pooled across study parts (Parts A, B1, and B2) were headache, dizziness, and headache, respectively; all were mild.

Ecophysiological responses to heat waves in the marine intertidal zone.

One notable consequence of climate change is an increase in the frequency, scale and severity of heat waves. Heat waves in terrestrial habitats (atmospheric heat waves, AHW) and marine habitats (marine heat waves, MHW) have received considerable attention as environmental forces that impact organisms, populations and whole ecosystems. Only one ecosystem, the intertidal zone, experiences both MHWs and AHWs.