Autologous Peripheral Blood-Derived Orthobiologics for the Management of Elbow Disorders: A Review of Current Clinical Evidence.

Introduction: Elbow ailments are common, but conventional treatment modalities have shortcomings, offering only interim pain relief rather than targeting the underlying pathophysiology. The last two decades have seen a marked increase in the use of autologous peripheral blood-derived orthobiologics (APBOs), such as platelet-rich plasma (PRP), to manage elbow disorders. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is the most widely used APBO, but its efficacy remains debatable.

Anxiety Disorders, Anxious Symptomology and Related Behaviors Associated With Migraine: A Narrative Review of Prevalence and Impact.

Purpose Of Review: The purpose of this study was to review the literature on the relationship between migraine, anxiety and related disorders, anxious symptomology and related behaviors.

Recent Findings: Generalized anxiety, other anxious disorders and migraine are comorbid. In addition, anxious symptomology and behaviors are common in people with migraine even if they do not meet diagnostic criteria or threshold.

Preclinical evaluation of zirconium-89 labeled anti-Trop2 antibody-drug conjugate (Trodelvy) for imaging in gastric cancer and triple-negative breast cancer.

Purpose: Trophoblast cell-surface antigen 2 (Trop2) is overexpressed in various solid tumors and contributes to tumor progression, while its expression remains low in normal tissues. Trop2-targeting antibody-drug conjugate (ADC), sacituzumab govitecan-hziy (Trodelvy), has shown efficacy in targeting this antigen. Leveraging the enhanced specificity of ADCs, we conducted the first immunoPET imaging study of Trop2 expression in gastric cancer (GC) and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) models using Zr-labeled Trodelvy ([Zr]Zr-DFO-Trodelvy).

Impact of tissue-independent positron range correction on [Ga]Ga-DOTATOC and [Ga]Ga-PSMA PET image reconstructions: a patient data study.

Purpose: The positron range effect can impair PET image quality of Gallium-68 (Ga). A positron range correction (PRC) can be applied to reduce this effect. In this study, the effect of a tissue-independent PRC for Ga was investigated on patient data.

Optimizing Sedation Strategies in the Cardiac ICU: Induction, Maintenance and Weaning.

Purpose Of Review: We aim to summarize the available literature guiding tailored sedation practices for specific conditions encountered in the Cardiovascular Intensive Care Unit (CICU).

Recent Findings: Data specific for the CICU population is lacking. Preclinical data and observational studies guide sedation approaches for specific pathologies that we have used to generate a guideline for sedative choice for various scenarios.

Blended-red lighting partially mitigates the cost of light pollution for arthropods.

Light pollution disrupts the natural dark-light rhythmicity of the world and alters the spectral composition of the nocturnal sky, with far-reaching impacts on natural systems. While the costs of light pollution are now documented across scales and taxa, community-level mitigations for arthropods remain unclear. To test two light pollution mitigation strategies, we replaced all 32 streetlights in the largest visitor center in Grand Teton National Park (Wyoming, USA) to allow wireless control over each luminaries' color and brightness.

Multiple Myeloma: Improved Outcomes Resulting from a Rapidly Expanding Number of Therapeutic Options.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a bone-marrow-based cancer of plasma cells. Over the last 2 decades, marked treatment advances have led to improvements in the overall survival (OS) of patients with this disease. Key developments include the use of chemotherapy, immunomodulatory drugs, proteasome inhibitors, and monoclonal antibodies.

Association Between Preterm Birth and Fulfillment of Desired Permanent Contraception.

Objectives: In cases of preterm delivery, the Medicaid sterilization policy mandates a signed consent form at least 72 h before surgery for permanent contraception, which is less than the 30 day minimum waiting period for term births. This study evaluated the association between preterm birth and fulfillment of planned permanent contraception.

Study Design: This was a secondary analysis of a multi-center retrospective cohort study of 3013 patients with a postpartum contraceptive plan of permanent contraception.

Intralesional injection of CpG ODNs complexed with glatiramer acetate mitigates systemic cytokine toxicities and synergistically advances checkpoint blockade efficacy.

PD-L1/PD-1 checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) are mainstream agents for cancer immunotherapy, but the prognosis is unsatisfactory in solid tumor patients lacking preexisting T-cell reactivity. Adjunct therapy strategies including the intratumoral administration of immunostimulants aim to address this limitation. CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs), TLR9 agonists that can potentiate adaptive immunity, have been widely investigated to tackle PD-L1/PD-1 resistance, but clinical success has been hindered by inconsistent efficacy and immune-related toxicities caused by systemic exposure.

Insights and Opportunities from Multimarker Evaluation of Heart Failure: Lessons from BIOSTAT-HF.

Purpose Of Review: Heart failure is a complex and heterogenous disease state that affects millions worldwide. Over recent decades, advancements in medical therapy and device implementation have significantly transformed the landscape of heart failure outcomes, while improvements in imaging modalities and greater accessibility to genome sequencing have led to increasing recognition of distinct heart failure endotypes. There is rising evidence to suggest all patients do not benefit equally from intensification of guideline directed medical therapy (GDMT).

Effect of Feeding Mice Soluble Metals and Heavy Metal Contaminated Soil on Feces Metal Concentrations.

The effect of heavy metal availability and interaction in feed on feces heavy metal excretion in mice has rarely been investigated. In this work, feed containing a polluted soil (total Cd = 6.34, total Pb = 387 mg kg) amended with phosphate, bentonite and lime, or feed spiked with soluble Pb and Cd were fed to mice for 10 days.

Bright and Specific Targeting of Metastatic Lymph Nodes in Orthotopic Mouse Models of Gastric Cancer with a Fluorescent Anti-CEA Antibody.

Background: Gastric cancer poses a major diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Improved visualization of tumor margins and lymph node metastases with tumor-specific fluorescent markers could improve outcomes.

Methods: To establish orthotopic models of gastric cancer, one million cells of the human gastric cancer cell line, MKN45, were suspended in 50 μl of equal parts PBS and Matrigel and injected into the nude mouse stomach with a 29-gauge needle.

Baricitinib Provides Significant Improvements in Quality of Life and Functioning in Adults with Moderate-to-Severe Atopic Dermatitis with Baseline Body Surface Area ≤ 40% and Severe Itch.

Introduction: Patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD), a body surface area (BSA) of ≤ 40%, and an itch numerical rating scale (NRS) score of ≥ 7 ("BARI itch dominant") have been characterized as an important group to consider for the oral janus kinase (JAK) 1/2 inhibitor baricitinib (BARI). Herein we aim to evaluate quality of life (QoL) and functioning outcomes in adult patients with BSA ≤ 40% and itch NRS ≥ 7 at baseline (BL) who received BARI 4 mg in the topical corticosteroid (TCS) combination trial BREEZE-AD7.

Materials: BREEZE-AD7 was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group outpatient study involving adult patients with moderate-to-severe AD who received once-daily placebo or 2-mg or 4-mg BARI in combination with TCS for 16 weeks.

Decay of self-incompatibility within a lifespan in Physalis acutifolia (Solanaceae).

Self-incompatibility decays with age in plants of Physalis acutifolia, and plants that have transitioned to selfing produce fewer seeds but with comparable viability. Self-compatibility in this system is closely related to flower size, which is in turn dependent on the direction of the cross, suggesting parental effects on both morphology and compatibility. The sharpleaf groundcherry, Physalis acutifolia, is polymorphic for self-compatibility, with naturally occurring self-incompatible (SI) and self-compatible (SC) populations.

Age-related differences in eye movements and the association with Archimedes spiral tracing performance in young and older adults.

Age-related hand motor impairments may critically depend on visual information though few studies have examined eye movements during tasks of hand function in older adults. The purpose of this study was to assess eye movements and their association with performance while tracing on a touchscreen in young and older adults. Eye movements of 21 young (age 20-38 years; 12 females, 9 males) and 20 older (65-85 years; 10 females, 10 males) adults were recorded while performing an Archimedes spiral tracing task, a common clinical assessment sensitive to age-associated impairments in hand function.

The ImageGuideEcho Registry: Using Data Science to Understand and Improve Echocardiography.

Purpose Of Review: To provide a contemporary update on the American Society of Echocardiography's ImageGuideEcho Registry and present a case study of an individual institution's experience with enrollment.

Recent Findings: Technical innovation in clinical echocardiography has expanded the impact of echocardiography in cardiovascular care and provides new opportunities to leverage clinical data to inform quality improvement initiatives and research. The ImageGuideEcho Registry is the first echocardiography-specific imaging registry in the United States and provides a data infrastructure for quality improvement and multicenter research.

Pain and Headache in Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-Associated Disease.

Purpose Of Review: The purpose of this review is to evaluate the current knowledge and recent findings on different pain and headache presentations associated with Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-Associated Disease (MOGAD) disease.

Recent Findings: MOGAD is an inflammatory autoimmune disease affecting mostly the central nervous system, presenting with optic neuritis, transverse myelitis and other forms of inflammatory demyelination. Pain and headache in MOGAD have been recognized more recently and acute and chronic forms of pain can occur in both the adult and pediatric population.

Prioritizing questions and topics for the development of guidelines and consensus-based recommendations supported by ILAE: A scoping review and proposal of prioritization criteria.

Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) and consensus-based recommendations (CBRs) require considerable effort, collaboration, and time-all within the constraints of finite resources. Professional societies, such as the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE), must prioritize what topics and questions to address. Implementing evidence-based care remains a crucial challenge in clinical practice.

The B Chromosome of Pseudococcus viburni: A Selfish Chromosome that Exploits Whole-Genome Meiotic Drive.

Meiosis is generally a fair process: each chromosome has a 50% chance of being included into each gamete. However, meiosis can become aberrant with some chromosomes having a higher chance of making it into gametes than others. Yet, why and how such systems evolve remains unclear.

Urban, formerly incarcerated, black, heterosexual men with substance use disorders: eligible for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) but unaware of their vulnerability to HIV acquisition.

Research on incarcerated men indicates low PrEP access even though HIV disproportionately affects them. Intersecting attributes - urban, incarcerated, Black, heterosexual men with substance use diagnoses (SUDs) - improves the odds of HIV transmission/acquisition. It is crucial to determine, among "key populations," who might be eligible to take PrEP.