Heart rate variability biofeedback in a global study of the most common coherence frequencies and the impact of emotional states.

This global study analyzed data from the largest dataset ever studied in the Heart Rate Variability (HRV) biofeedback field, comprising 1.8 million user sessions collected from users of a mobile app during 2019 and 2020. We focused on HRV Coherence, which is linked to improved emotional stability and cognitive function.

Comparison of the diagnostic performance of non-contrast MR angiography and planar V/Q scintigraphy for pulmonary embolism: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: To conduct a meta-analysis of the diagnostic performance of non-contrast magnetic resonance pulmonary angiography (NC-MRPA) and ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scintigraphy for the detection of acute pulmonary embolism (PE).

Materials And Methods: Systematic searches of electronic databases were conducted from 2000 to 2024. Primary outcomes were per-patient sensitivity and specificity of NC-MRPA and V/Q scintigraphy.

Consumer-grade wearable devices in arrhythmia diagnostics for clinicians: where we are and where we are going.

Atrial arrhythmias, including atrial fibrillation (AF), are a major contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Early detection and effective management are critical to mitigating adverse outcomes such as stroke, heart failure, and overall mortality. Wearable devices have emerged as promising tools for monitoring, detecting, and managing atrial arrhythmias near-continuously.

Development and characterization of in vitro inducible immortalization of a murine microglia cell line for high throughput studies.

There are few in vitro models available to study microglial physiology in a homeostatic context. Recent approaches include the human induced pluripotent stem cell model, but these can be challenging for large-scale assays and may lead to batch variability. To advance our understanding of microglial biology while enabling scalability for high-throughput assays, we developed an inducible immortalized murine microglial cell line using a tetracycline expression system.

sVEGFR3 alleviates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury through regulating mitochondrial homeostasis and immune cell infiltration.

Recent studies have suggested that sVEGFR3 is involved in cardiac diseases by regulating lymphangiogenesis; however, results are inconsistent. The aim of this study was to investigate the function and mechanism of sVEGFR3 in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MI/RI). sVEGFR3 effects were evaluated in vivo in mice subjected to MI/RI, and in vitro using HL-1 cells exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion.

Empathy and helping: the role of affect in response to others' suffering.

Decades of research hold that empathy is a multifaceted construct. A related challenge in empathy research is to describe how each subcomponent of empathy uniquely contributes to social outcomes. Here, we examined distinct mechanisms through which different components of empathy-Empathic Concern, Perspective Taking, and Personal Distress-may relate to prosociality.

Analysis of quantitative OCT and SS-OCTA metrics three months after initiation of intravitreal faricimab for treatment-recalcitrant neovascular AMD.

Purpose: To utilize optical coherence tomography (OCT) and SS-OCT angiography (SS-OCTA) for quantifying morphological changes seen in eyes with recalcitrant neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) transitioned to intravitreal faricimab injections during the manufacturer's recommended induction phase of treatment.

Methods: Fifty-four treatment-recalcitrant patients (60 eyes) were recruited. OCT and SS-OCTA images were obtained at 0 and 3 months.

Association of LR treatment response category with outcome of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma on explant pathology.

Objectives: Liver transplant (LT) is an effective treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in appropriately selected patients. Locoregional therapy (LRT) is often performed to extend a patient's eligibility for LT. Imaging has a modest sensitivity of approximately 40-77% for detecting pathologically viable HCC in post-LRT patients.

Human response times are governed by dual anticipatory processes with distinct neural signatures.

Human behavior is strongly influenced by anticipation, but the underlying neural mechanisms are poorly understood. We obtained intracranial electrocephalography (iEEG) measurements in neurosurgical patients as they performed a simple sensory-motor task with variable (short or long) foreperiod delays that affected anticipation of the cue to respond. Participants showed two forms of anticipatory response biases, distinguished by more premature false alarms (FAs) or faster response times (RTs) on long-delay trials.

Histopathology and proteomics are synergistic for high-grade serous ovarian cancer platinum response prediction.

Patients with High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer (HGSOC) exhibit varied responses to treatment, with 20-30% showing de novo resistance to platinum-based chemotherapy. While hematoxylin-eosin (H&E)-stained pathological slides are used for routine diagnosis of cancer type, they may also contain diagnostically useful information about treatment response. Our study demonstrates that combining H&E-stained whole slide images (WSIs) with proteomic signatures using a multimodal deep learning framework significantly improves the prediction of platinum response in both discovery and validation cohorts.

Subclinical depressive symptoms and job stress differentially impact memory in working and retired older adults.

Retirement has been associated with cognitive decline beyond normal age-related decline. However, there are many individual differences in retirement that can influence cognition. Subclinical depressive symptoms are common in late life and are associated with general memory decline and a bias towards remembering negative events (i.

GRAiCE: reconstructing terrestrial water storage anomalies with recurrent neural networks.

The Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) and its follow-on (GRACE-FO) missions have provided estimates of Terrestrial Water Storage Anomalies (TWSA) since 2002, enabling the monitoring of global hydrological changes. However, temporal gaps within these datasets and the lack of TWSA observations prior to 2002 limit our understanding of long-term freshwater variability. In this study, we develop GRAiCE, a set of four global monthly TWSA reconstructions from 1984 to 2021 at 0.

Overexpression of PLCG2 and TMEM38A inhibit tumor progression in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma is a prevalent urological malignancy, imposing substantial burdens on both patients and society. In our study, we used bioinformatics methods to select four putative target genes associated with EMT and prognosis and developed a nomogram model which could accurately predicting 5-year patient survival rates. We further analyzed proteome and single-cell data and selected PLCG2 and TMEM38A for the following experiments.

A process inspired by fractals for embedding digital codes into additively manufactured components for supply chain security.

This study describes procedures for embedding digital information into additively manufactured components as well as procedures for readout and tensile testing. Embedded digital codes were printed inside ASTM E8/E8M dumbbells using Direct Metal Laser Melting (DMLS) with an EOS M290 printer. The codes were configured as either ellipsoids or prolate spheroids in patterns given by the Cantor dust fractal.

Predictors, patterns, and correlates of moderate-severe psychological distress among New York City College Students during Waves 2-4 of COVID-19.

The COVID-19 pandemic may have exacerbated mental health conditions by introducing and/or modifying stressors, particularly in university populations. We examined longitudinal patterns, time-varying predictors, and contemporaneous correlates of moderate-severe psychological distress (MS-PD) among college students. During 2020-2021, participants completed self-administered questionnaires quarterly (T1 = 562, T2 = 334, T3 = 221, and T4 = 169).

Joint association of objective and subjective aging with premature mortality.

Objective and subjective aging indicators reflect diverse biological and psychosocial processes, yet their combined association with premature mortality remains underexplored. This study aimed to investigate the association between a multidomain framework of aging indicators and premature mortality, addressing gaps in understanding cumulative effects. We included 369,741 UK Biobank participants initially free of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer, followed until December 31, 2022.

Ultra high density imaging arrays in diffuse optical tomography for human brain mapping improve image quality and decoding performance.

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has dramatically advanced non-invasive human brain mapping and decoding. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and high-density diffuse optical tomography (HD-DOT) non-invasively measure blood oxygen fluctuations related to brain activity, like fMRI, at the brain surface, using more-lightweight equipment that circumvents ergonomic and logistical limitations of fMRI. HD-DOT grids have smaller inter-optode spacing (~ 13 mm) than sparse fNIRS (~ 30 mm) and therefore provide higher image quality, with spatial resolution ~ 1/2 that of fMRI, when using the several source-detector distances (13-40 mm) afforded by the HD-DOT grid.

Evaluating physician concordance in interpretation of tracheobronchomalacia diagnosis and phenotyping using dynamic expiratory chest computed tomography.

Tracheobronchomalacia (TBM) presents diagnostic challenges due to its nonspecific symptoms and variability in diagnostic methods. This study evaluates physician concordance in TBM diagnosis and phenotyping using chest computed tomography (CT) scans with dynamic expiratory views. We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study at Mayo Clinic Rochester, analyzing 150 patients with dynamic expiratory CT scans.

Poor fixation stability does not account for motion perception deficits in amblyopia.

People with amblyopia show deficits in global motion perception, especially at slow speeds. These observers are also known to have unstable fixation when viewing stationary fixation targets, relative to healthy controls. It is possible that poor fixation stability during motion viewing interferes with the fidelity of the input to motion-sensitive neurons in visual cortex.

A National Synthetic Populations Dataset for the United States.

Geospatially explicit and statistically accurate person and household data allow researchers to study community-and neighborhood-level effects and design and test hypotheses that would otherwise not be possible without the generation of synthetic data. In this article, we demonstrate the workflow for generating spatially explicit household- and individual-level synthetic populations for the United States representing the year 2019. We use publicly available U.

Fluid flow impacts endothelial-monocyte interactions in a model of vascular inflammatory fibrosis.

The aberrant vascular response associated with tendon injury results in circulating immune cell infiltration and a chronic inflammatory feedback loop leading to poor healing outcomes. Studying this dysregulated tendon repair response in human pathophysiology has been historically challenging due to the reliance on animal models. To address this, our group developed the human tendon-on-a-chip (hToC) to model cellular interactions in the injured tendon microenvironment; however, this model lacked the key element of physiological flow in the vascular compartment.

Multidimensional library for the improved identification of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS).

As the occurrence of human diseases and conditions increase, questions continue to arise about their linkages to chemical exposure, especially for per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). Currently, many chemicals of concern have limited experimental information available for their use in analytical assessments. Here, we aim to increase this knowledge by providing the scientific community with multidimensional characteristics for 175 PFAS and their resulting 281 ion types.

Liquid-based encapsulation for implantable bioelectronics across broad pH environments.

Wearable and implantable bioelectronics that can interface for extended periods with highly mobile organs and tissues across a broad pH range would be useful for various applications in basic biomedical research and clinical medicine. The encapsulation of these systems, however, presents a major challenge, as such devices require superior barrier performance against water and ion penetration in challenging pH environments while also maintaining flexibility and stretchability to match the physical properties of the surrounding tissue. Current encapsulation materials are often limited to near-neutral pH conditions, restricting their application range.

Nonlinearity of the post-spinel transition and its expression in slabs and plumes worldwide.

Phase transitions in the mantle control its internal dynamics and structure. The post-spinel transition marks the upper-lower mantle boundary, where ringwoodite dissociates into bridgmanite plus ferropericlase, and its Clapeyron slope regulates mantle flow across it. This interaction has previously been assumed to have no lateral spatial variations, based on the assumption of a linear post-spinel boundary in pressure and temperature.