The role of dentate status and dental caries on diabetes-related complications: a hospital-based cross-sectional study.

This study explored the role of dentate status and dental caries on diabetes-related complications among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A hospital-based cross-sectional design was applied to collect data on diabetic patients attending integrated services for non-communicable diseases and oral health at a public hospital in Thailand. Diabetic complication outcomes included diabetic eye and foot complications and chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Second-line treatment patterns and outcomes in advanced HCC after progression on atezolizumab/bevacizumab.

Background & Aims: Atezolizumab/bevacizumab (A/B) is now a standard first-line treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but the optimal second-line regimen is not known. We evaluated real-world treatment patterns and outcomes to investigate factors associated with post-progression survival (PPS).

Methods: In this multicenter, international, retrospective study, we examined clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with advanced HCC who progressed on first-line A/B.

Modeling and correction of protein conformational disease in iPSC-derived neurons through personalized base editing.

Altered protein conformation can cause incurable neurodegenerative disorders. Mutations in , the gene encoding neuroserpin, can alter protein conformation resulting in cytotoxic aggregation leading to neuronal death. Familial encephalopathy with neuroserpin inclusion bodies (FENIB) is a rare autosomal dominant progressive myoclonic epilepsy that progresses to dementia and premature death.

Achievement of guideline-based lipid goals among very-high-risk patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes: results in 213,380 individuals from the cvMOBIUS2 registry.

Objective: Lowering lipid to reach guideline-indicated goals significantly reduces cardiovascular outcomes in very-high-risk (VHR) patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and type 2 diabetes (DM2). How well VHR patients currently achieve these goals in community practice is unknown.

Methods: VHR patients with ASCVD and DM2 were identified across 14 US healthcare systems using electronic health records between 1/1/2021-12/31/2022.

A rare case of double pituitary prolactinomas: the diagnostic application of intraoperative ultrasonography and DNA methylation markers.

The aim of this study is to describe the management and evolution of a patient with the rare condition of double lactotroph tumors and assess the role of intraoperative ultrasonography (IOUS) for their detection and methylation-based liquid biopsy for their diagnosis and monitoring. A 29-year-old woman diagnosed with double lactotroph tumors through hormonal and MRI workup underwent surgical resection due to cabergoline intolerance. To detect a tumor missing through visual inspection, IOUS was performed.

Effects of tributyltin on placental and reproductive abnormalities in offspring.

Tributyltin (TBT) is an organotin compound and a common persistent environmental pollutant with endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC) actions. It can accumulate in the environment at various concentrations throughout the food chain in the ecosystem, posing a risk to human health, especially during critical periods such as gestation and fetal and offspring development. In this review, we report the results of studies describing the consequences of TBT exposure on placental and reproductive parameters in offspring of both sexes.

Evaluating the diagnostic utility of the flexion-compression test for carpal tunnel syndrome.

Background: We sought to determine the diagnostic utility of the flexion-compression (F-C) test for carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). Using electrodiagnostic testing as the gold standard, we hypothesized that the F-C test would be a better diagnostic test for CTS as compared to the wrist flexion (Phalen's) or palmar compression (Durkan's) tests alone.

Methods: We studied patients who presented with and without CTS symptoms, designated as study and control group patients, respectively.

Using machine and deep learning to predict short-term complications following trigger digit release surgery.

Background: Trigger finger is a common disorder of the hand characterized by pain and locking of the digits during flexion or extension. In cases refractory to nonoperative management, surgical release of the A1 pulley can be performed. This study evaluates the ability of machine learning (ML) techniques to predict short-term complications following trigger digit release surgery.

A retrospective comparison of absorbable versus non-absorbable sutures for elective hand surgery wound closures.

Background: Suture selection in elective hand surgery closures has traditionally been non-absorbable sutures (NAS) rather than absorbable sutures (AS). The goal of this study was to evaluate absorbable versus non-absorbable closures of various primary elective hand procedures. Our group hypothesized that no differences in major short-term outcomes would exist.

Safety and efficacy of outpatient versus inpatient adult brachial plexus surgery.

Purpose: Outpatient orthopedic surgery is becoming more common as a method of providing safe and cost-effective medical care. The purpose of this study was to compare outcomes between adult patients undergoing outpatient versus inpatient brachial plexus surgery.

Methods: A single institution database was queried for patients with brachial plexus injuries undergoing brachial plexus exploration with or without concomitant reconstructive procedures from 2010 to 2022.

A comparison study of 90-day readmission and emergency department visitation after outpatient versus inpatient pediatric pollicization surgery.

Introduction: Transition to outpatient surgery has grown with an emphasis on delivery of safe, high-quality medical care. The purpose of this study is to compare 90-day emergency department (ED) visits, readmissions, and complications between patients undergoing outpatient versus inpatient pollicization surgery.

Methods: A single institution database was queried for primary thumb pollicization from 2010 to 2022 in patients under 18 years of age.

Bridging Existing Energy and Chemical Transport Models to Enhance Air Quality Policy Assessment.

Connecting changes in emissions to air quality is critical for evaluating the effects of a specific policy. Here, we introduce a methodology to aid in assessing the air quality impacts of changes in the energy system. A set of widely varying scenarios that describe alternative potential evolutions of the US energy system is constructed using the TIMES energy system model.

Atrial Tachyarrhythmia in Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy: A Case Report.

Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is a heritable myocardial condition that mostly affects the right ventricle (RV). Atrial involvement is poorly understood and the evidence for atrial involvement remains limited. In this case report, we describe an 18-year-old woman who had ARVC with the atrial tachyarrhythmia and initially presented with palpitations.

Investigating the structure-property correlations of pyrolyzed phenolic resin as a function of degree of carbonization.

Carbon-carbon (C/C) composites are attractive materials for high-speed flights and terrestrial atmospheric reentry applications due to their insulating thermal properties, thermal resistance, and high strength-to-weight ratio. It is important to understand the evolving structure-property correlations in these materials during pyrolysis, but the extreme laboratory conditions required to produce C/C composites make it difficult to quantify the properties . This work presents an atomistic modeling methodology to pyrolyze a crosslinked phenolic resin network and track the evolving thermomechanical properties of the skeletal matrix during simulated pyrolysis.

A preliminary study of linear accelerator-based spatially fractionated radiotherapy.

Purpose: This study aimed to provide quantitative information for implementing Lattice radiotherapy (LRT) using a medical linear accelerator equipped with the Millennium 120 multi-leaf collimator (MLC). The research systematically evaluated the impact of varying vertex diameters and separations on dose distribution, peak-to-valley dose ratio (PVDR), and normal tissue dose.

Methods: A cylindrical Virtual Water™ phantom was used to create LRT treatments using the Eclipse version 16.

Research progresses and hotspots on glucose metabolic reprogramming in breast cancer: a bibliometric analysis over the past two decades.

Background: Abnormal energy metabolism is a prominent characteristic of cancers. Increasing evidence has suggested the involvement of glucose metabolism reprogramming in the progression of breast cancer (BC). This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of glucose metabolism reprogramming in BC through a bibliometric analysis.

How digital paywalls shape news coverage.

The internet has significantly transformed how news is produced, consumed, and distributed. As a result, the news industry has transitioned from ad-supported to subscription-based models regulated by digital paywalls. In the light of this disruption, it is crucial to investigate not only how news consumers adapt to this change but also how economic incentives shape content coverage.

Perceived Stress During Late Pregnancy and Infant Body Composition at 1 Month.

Context: Worldwide, obesity remains one of the most challenging crises with children being one of the most susceptible populations. The effect of maternal stress during pregnancy on newborn body composition, measured by fat mass and lean mass has, not been extensively studied.

Objectives: We evaluated the association between perceived stress during late pregnancy and infant adiposity at 1 month and assessed effect modification by infant sex and preterm birth.

Descriptive Analysis of Preoperative Breast Reconstruction Patient Expectations Using the BREAST-Q Expectations Module.

Patient expectations have been shown to influence postoperative outcomes across surgical specialties. However, the impact of expectations in breast reconstruction is not well understood. The purpose of this project is to perform the first large-scale analysis and classification of BREAST-Q Expectations responses in patients undergoing implant-based reconstruction.

A Comprehensive Analysis on the Readability of Rhinoplasty-Based Web Content for Patients.

Rhinoplasty is one of the most common cosmetic procedures performed by plastic surgeons and otolaryngologists. Previous studies have concluded that the readability of rhinoplasty information does not meet the recommended guidelines for the 8th grade reading level. In this study, we performed an updated readability analysis and a comprehensive online review of decision-making factors for patients considering rhinoplasty.

Safety of Cefazolin Perioperative Prophylaxis in Plastic Surgery Patients With Penicillin Allergy: A Retrospective Chart Review.

Antimicrobial prophylaxis is crucial in reducing surgical site infections (SSIs). First-generation cephalosporins are commonly first line, but issues arise when patients report a penicillin allergy. Although up to 10% of Americans report a penicillin allergy, up to 95% are not truly allergic.

Rectovaginal Fistula Repair Following Vaginoplasty in Transgender Females: A Systematic Review of Surgical Techniques.

Rectovaginal fistula (RVF) remains a complex complication following gender-affirming vaginoplasty. This review aims to evaluate RVF repair techniques and outcomes following vaginoplasty. A systematic review was performed per PRISMA guidelines.

A Prospective Clinical Trial Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Non-Animal Stabilized Hyaluronic Acid Injections for Non-Surgical Rhinoplasty.

Non-surgical rhinoplasty with hyaluronic acid (HA) filler is a three-dimensional reshaping technique that achieves tissue enhancement by placing HA deep to nasal skin. Due to its unique rheology, Restylane® Lyft (HA-L, Galderma, Uppsala, Sweden) may be particularly well-suited for injection rhinoplasty, as it has high gel firmness (G') for strong structural support with minimal integration propensity. A prospective clinical trial was conducted to evaluate HA-L use for non-surgical rhinoplasty.

Long-Term Opioid Use After Free Flap Breast Reconstruction: Incidence and Associated Factors.

Opioid dependence can occur in 6% to 10% of patients undergoing breast reconstruction. With the expansion of interdisciplinary initiatives to decrease opioid use after surgery, an updated look at the incidence of and risk factors for prolonged opioid dependence after free flap breast reconstruction is essential. We retrospectively identified all cases of free flap breast reconstruction completed at our institution from 2017 to 2020.