TTP as Tumor Suppressor and Inflammatory Regulator in Oral Carcinogenesis.

The stability of messenger RNA (mRNA) is controlled by proteins that bind to adenosine-uridine-rich sequences (AREs) in their 3' untranslated regions (3'UTR), known as AU-binding proteins. One of these proteins is tristetraprolin (TTP; encoded by ), which promotes degradation of mRNAs with AREs in their 3'UTR. TTP accelerates the decay of its target transcripts, many of which encode proinflammatory mediators that promote tumorigenesis.

Highly multiplexed digital PCR assay for simultaneous quantification of variant allele frequencies and copy number alterations of KRAS and GNAS in pancreatic cancer precursors.

Pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) are pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) precursor lesions. Detecting these precursors and monitoring their progression are crucial for early PDAC diagnosis. Digital PCR (dPCR) is a highly sensitive nucleic acid quantification technique and offers a cost-effective option for patient follow-up.

Research Review: Help-seeking intentions, behaviors, and barriers in college students - a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The prevalence of mental health problems among college students has increased over the past decade. Even when mental health services are available, many students still struggle to access these services. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to identify the rates at which students actively seek or consider using formal help and to determine the main reasons for not seeking help.

Hemoglobin and Cholesterol Affect Apparent Tacrolimus Clearance in Pediatric Transplant Recipients-A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Tacrolimus has a narrow therapeutic index with substantial inter- and intra-patient variability, requiring therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM). Influences beyond genetic and developmental factors need to be better understood. Recent studies among adult patients suggest that hemoglobin affects the apparent clearance (CL/F) of tacrolimus, whereas this and other potential factors in children are under-investigated.

Understanding the Stress Process Among Mexican American Adults aged 50 and older in the United States.

Objectives: Compared to non-Latino White adults, Mexican Americans in the U.S. are disproportionally exposed to more social, environmental, and economic stress that increase risk for poor physical and mental health outcomes.

Precision Medicine in Cardiovascular Disease Prevention: Clinical Validation of Multi-Ancestry Polygenic Risk Scores in a U.S. Cohort.

Background: Polygenic risk score (PRS) quantifies the cumulative effects of common genetic variants across the genome, including both coding and non-coding regions, to predict the risk of developing common diseases. In cardiovascular medicine, PRS enhances risk stratification beyond traditional clinical risk factors, offering a precision medicine approach to coronary artery disease (CAD) prevention. This study evaluates the predictive performance of a multi-ancestry PRS framework for cardiovascular risk assessment using the All of Us (AoU) short-read whole-genome sequencing dataset comprising over 225,000 participants.

Host Transcriptome and Microbial Variation in Relation to Visceral Hyperalgesia.

Background: Chronic visceral hypersensitivity is associated with an overstressed pain response to noxious stimuli (hyperalgesia). Microbiota are active modulators of host biology and are implicated in the etiology of visceral hypersensitivity.

Objectives: we studied the association between the circulating mRNA transcriptome, the intensity of induced visceral pain (IVP), and variation in the oral microbiome among participants with and without baseline visceral hypersensitivity.

Magnesium Homeostasis and Magnesium Transporters in Human Health.

Magnesium (Mg) used to be considered only as a passive cation associated with ATP, but this special issue reinforces the idea that Mg has many more roles [...

Hydrogen and Methane Detection in Breath in Response to Two Different Types of Dietary Fiber and Its Relationship to Postprandial Glucose Concentration in Obese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Normoglycemic Subjects.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between postprandial glycemic levels based on flashmonitoring and the production of intestinal hydrogen (H) and methane (CH) gases based on the measurement of the amount of these gases in exhaled air. : We studied 14 subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and 14 individuals without diabetes (control) with two food load tests, including two types of dietary fiber (inulin and guar gum), with the simultaneous determination of gases in exhaled air and the assessment of glucose levels. : All subjects in the control group had a significant increase in exhaled H.

Short-Term Magnesium Supplementation Has Modest Detrimental Effects on Cycle Ergometer Exercise Performance and Skeletal Muscle Mitochondria and Negligible Effects on the Gut Microbiota: A Randomized Crossover Clinical Trial.

Although the importance of magnesium for overall health and physiological function is well established, its influence on exercise performance is less clear. The primary study objective was to determine the influence of short-term magnesium supplementation on cycle ergometer exercise performance. The hypothesis was that magnesium would elicit an ergogenic effect.

Developing and Testing a User-Focused, Web GIS-Based Food Asset Map for an Under-Resourced Community in Northeastern Connecticut.

Access to healthy and affordable food remains a challenge for under-resourced communities due to uneven food distribution and the need for reliable transportation. This study developed and evaluated an interactive Geographic Information System (GIS)-based food asset map for a low-income community in Windham, Connecticut to improve awareness of food resources and expand opportunities for fresh food access. Using the human-centered design (HCD) framework and the Asset-Based Community Development (ABCD) model, the map integrates food locations, transportation routes, and assistance eligibility.

Exploring Antioxidant Properties of Standardized Extracts from Medicinal Plants Approved by the Thai FDA for Dietary Supplementation.

Background/objectives: There is a growing interest in plant-derived antioxidants as functional food ingredients, given their potential to address oxidative stress-related diseases, notably neurodegenerative disorders. This study aims to investigate the antioxidant properties of medicinal plants that have been approved by the Thai FDA for dietary supplementation, with the goal of further utilizing them as food-functional ingredients to prevent neurodegenerative conditions.

Methods: A systematic review-based methodology was employed on a list of 211 medicinal plants, and 21 medicinal plants were chosen based on their documented antioxidant activity and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory capacity.

The Human Milk Oligosaccharide Lacto-N-Fucopentaose III Conjugated to Dextran Inhibits HIV Replication in Primary Human Macrophages.

: Individuals with HIV on combined antiretroviral therapy (ART) with virologic suppression exhibit chronic immune activation and immune dysfunction. Numerous studies have shown that human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) controls the postnatal transmission of HIV-1, but its effect on adult HIV-1 infection is not known. The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-HIV activity of Lacto-N-fucopentaose III (LNFPIII) in adult blood-borne macrophages.

Impacts of Yacon Syrup () on Human Health: A Systematic Review of Scientific Evidence from the Last Decade.

Background/objectives: Yacon syrup () has gained attention due to its high concentration of fructooligosaccharides (FOSs) and associated health benefits. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effects of yacon syrup on metabolic parameters and intestinal health in humans over the last decade.

Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a systematic search in databases, including Medline (PubMed), Science Direct, Embase, Scopus, and SciELO, up to October 2024.

Clinical Guideline for Detection and Management of Magnesium Deficiency in Ambulatory Care.

Magnesium (Mg) deficiency is associated with many common chronic conditions and potentially severe health care outcomes, including cardiovascular disease, cardiovascular risk factors, and diabetes. However, Mg deficiency is underdiagnosed and often underrecognized in the ambulatory health care setting, and nutrition education and training are often limited for health care providers (HCPs). A clinical guideline for detecting and treating Mg deficiency in the ambulatory care setting was developed.

Maternal Anemia as a Predictor of Childhood Anemia: Evidence from Gambian Health Data.

Background: Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a significant global health problem affecting close to 2 billion people worldwide. The prevalence of IDA is higher among children younger than five years and women of reproductive age, indicating an intergenerational correlation between maternal and child anemia. This study aims to analyze the association between maternal and child anemia in The Gambia.

Phytochemical-Mediated Ah Receptor Activity Is Dependent on Dietary Context.

The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is an important mediator of intestinal homeostasis. The AHR senses certain classes of phytochemicals, including many flavonoids and tryptophan metabolites generated in the intestinal tract. Several in vitro studies demonstrate the presence of AHR ligands in numerous plants commonly consumed by humans.

Bitter and Sweet Diets Alter Taste Response and Alcohol Consumption Behavior in Mice.

Background/objectives: Taste guides the consumption of food and alcohol for both humans and rodents. Given that chronic dietary exposure to bitter and sweet foods are purported to alter the perception of bitter and sweet tastes respectively, we hypothesized that dietary habits may shape how the taste properties of ethanol are perceived and thus how it is consumed.

Methods: Using C57BL/6 mice as a model, we contrasted taste behavior, morphology, and expression after a 4-week diet featuring consistent bitter, sweet, or neutral (water) stimuli.

Consumption of the Food Groups with the Revised Benefits in the New WIC Food Package: A Scoping Review.

Background: On 18 April 2024, the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) published the first food package changes to the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) in over a decade, which reduced some food benefits (juice, milk, canned fish, and infant fruits and vegetables) and offered substitutes (cash-value vouchers (CVVs) or cash-value benefits (CVBs) to redeem for fruits and vegetables, cheese, soymilk, or other dairy products).

Methods: To assess the impact of the changes on the consumption and redemption of these food groups, a systematic search was conducted, identifying 23 peer-reviewed publications between 2010 and 2024.

Results: They revealed significant shifts in consumption after the 2009 food package changes; e.

Gnetin C in Cancer and Other Diseases: What Do We Know So Far?

Stilbenes are a class of natural polyphenols with multiple positive pharmacologic assets such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer effects. While monomeric stilbenes, represented mostly by resveratrol and pterostilbene, have been studied intensely in the last two decades, oligomeric compounds, which may have better prospects of becoming potent nutraceuticals, are much less studied. The goal of this review is to compile all available literature to date on the beneficial pharmacologic effects of Gnetin C, a resveratrol dimer, in cancer and other diseases.

Sleep Duration is Associated with Fruit and Vegetable Intake in Lower Income Adults from the San Francisco Bay Area: A Cross-Sectional Analysis.

Few studies have examined whether sleep is related to dietary intake in aging adults. To address this gap, this study investigated (1) the associations between sleep duration and sleep quality with fruits and vegetables (FV), fiber, and fat intake in lower-income midlife and older adults and (2) sex differences in these relationships. Baseline data from 163 ethnically diverse, lower-income midlife and older adults in the NIH-funded trial were analyzed.

Using Culturally Relevant Meal Kits to Improve Cooking Skills, Reduce Food Waste, and Promote Engagement with a Campus Food Access Resource: An Exploratory Pilot Study.

Students' taste preferences, cooking skills, and cultural backgrounds impact their use of food access resources on campus. Meal kits include pre-sorted ingredients, which could address food waste and help to prepare meals with unfamiliar ingredients. The objective of this exploratory pilot study was to develop and investigate the impact of culturally relevant meal kits on cooking skills, food waste, and food security tailored to UC Davis students.

Maternal-Infant Iron Deficiency and Neurologic Sequelae.

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"Salt and Eat It or No Salt and Trash It?" Shifts in Support for School Meal Program Flexibilities in Public Comments.

The Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act was passed in 2010 to update nutrition standards in the National School Lunch and Breakfast Programs to be in accordance with evidence-based guidelines. In 2017 and 2020, the United States Department of Agriculture proposed flexibilities to the nutrition standards for milk, whole grains, and sodium. This study examines the positions used by stakeholders in support for or opposition to the proposed rules.

A Multi-Level Approach to Childhood Obesity Prevention and Management: Lessons from Japan and the United States.

Background: Childhood obesity is a pressing global public health challenge, marked by significant disparities in prevalence and management across countries. Japan and the United States offer contrasting approaches to addressing this issue, presenting a valuable opportunity for comparative analysis.

Objective: This review examines the effectiveness of public health policies, cultural dietary habits, and lifestyle factors in combating childhood obesity in Japan and the United States.