Protein Glycosylation Patterns Shaped By the IRE1-XBP1s Arm of the Unfolded Protein Response.

The unfolded protein response (UPR) is a sensing and signaling pathway that surveys the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) for protein folding challenges and responds whenever issues are detected. UPR activation leads to upregulation of secretory pathway chaperones and quality control factors, as well as reduces the nascent protein load on the ER, thereby restoring and maintaining proteostasis. This paradigm-defining view of the role of the UPR is accurate, but it elides additional key functions of the UPR in cell biology.

"Pathologists in Venice - Real World Cases for an Immersive Training Experience": Education, Gaming, and Show.

An international meeting entitled "Pathologists in Venice: Real World Cases for an Immersive Training Experience" took place on December 12 and 13, 2024 in Venice, Italy. More than 100 pathologists from all over the world were brought together to join four opinion leaders in different pathology fields. By matching real-time whole slide imaging-based navigation exposure with a technologically cutting-edge gaming format, the meeting engaged and provided the attendees with an innovative and immersive educational approach to real-world compelling scenarios they are likely to encounter in their daily practice.

A Coaching-Based Training for Underrepresented Mentors in STEM.

As an approach, coaching-based models have been demonstrated to enhance student self-efficacy, improve grades, and increase retention and graduation rates. Coaching-based training models are also key in mentor development, focusing on open-ended questions and active listening to create supportive environments where mentees can independently find solutions. This approach not only builds mentors' communication and leadership skills but also enhances their adaptability and problem-solving abilities.

Bronchodilator responsiveness and future chronic airflow obstruction: a multinational longitudinal study.

Background: Bronchodilator responsiveness testing is mainly used for diagnosing asthma. We aimed to investigate whether it is associated with progression to chronic airflow obstruction over time.

Methods: The multinational Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease cohort study surveyed adults, aged 40 years and above, at baseline and followed them up after a mean of 9.

The Global Fund, Cervical Cancer, and HPV infections: what can low- and middle-income countries do to accelerate progress by 2030?

Unlabelled: The footprint of cervical cancer mirrors the impact of global inequity and inequality on the right to health for girls and women. While today, cervical cancer is a relatively rare cause of death in Europe, North America, and Australia, almost 94% of deaths in 2022 occurred in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Governments adopted the WHO global strategy to eliminate cervical cancer.

Standard purification methods are not sufficient to remove micellular lipophilic dye from polymer nanoparticle solution.

Tracking nanoparticles' location is imperative for understanding cellular interactions, pharmacokinetics, and biodistribution. DiD is a lipophilic dye commonly used to label nanoparticles for trafficking studies. Herein, we show that DiD micelles form in polymer NP solutions during synthesis and can lead to false positive results in downstream assays.

GARCOM: A user-friendly R package for genetic mutation counts.

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has enabled analysis of rare and uncommon variants in large study cohorts. A common strategy to overcome these low frequencies and/or small effect sizes relies on collapsing strategies, i.e.

The imperative for universal screening of domestic violence: Social determinants of health disparities during COVID-19 within New Jersey.

Background: It is recognized that stressors encountered during the COVID-19 pandemic created an environment that exacerbated DV. COVID disproportionately impacted at-risk populations, but it is unclear if these social determinants of health disparities similarly impact the incidence of DV. This study aimed to identify and highlight affected communities within the state of New Jersey (NJ) that were disproportionately affected by domestic violence (DV) during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The Vps21 signalling pathway regulates white-opaque switching and mating in .

is able to switch between two epigenetic cell types, namely white and opaque. Multiple conserved signalling pathways control the switch between white and opaque cell types in response to environmental changes. Here, we report the regulatory roles of the endosomal Rab family GTPase Vps21 and associated key components of the Vps21 signalling pathway in white-opaque switching and mating in .

gen. nov.: The complex.

is proposed as a new genus in Family Marasmiaceae to accommodate a small group of six species morphologically resembling or but molecularly distinct from both genera. Newly described taxa include , , and f. ; species epithets transferred are , , .

Insulinoma Mimic: Tramadol-induced Hypoglycemia.

Endogenous hyperinsulinemia hypoglycemia has numerous etiologies. The objective of this report is to describe a patient with severe hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia with no known history of diabetes or hypoglycemia who presented with acute altered mental status. Blood glucose was noted to be 40 mg/dL (2.

Sprayable Diacetylene-Containing Amphiphile Coatings for Visual Detection of Gas-Phase Hydrogen Peroxide.

Colorimetric chemical sensing of target gases, such as hydrogen peroxide vapors, is an evolving area of research that implements responsive materials that undergo molecule-specific interaction, resulting in a visible color change. Due to the intuitive nature of an observable color change, such sensing systems are particularly desirable as they can be widely deployed at low cost and without the need for complex analytical instrumentation. In this work, we describe our development of a new spray-on sensing material that can provide a colorimetric response to the presence of a gas-phase target, specifically hydrogen peroxide vapor.

Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography imaging findings in patients receiving teprotumumab for thyroid eye disease.

Purpose: Prior studies have demonstrated the potential side effects of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) inhibition for thyroid eye disease (TED) including hearing loss. In this study, we assessed changes in functional vision including visual field testing and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), clinical examination parameters, and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) biomarkers in patients who received insulin growth factor receptor-1 (IGF-R1) inhibition with teprotumumab for TED.

Design: Retrospective, noncomparative cohort.

Simultaneous conjunctival melanomas in one eye treated with both adjuvant brachytherapy and proton beam radiotherapy.

Purpose: We describe a rare case of two simultaneous primary conjunctival melanomas in the same eye that were treated sequentially with both plaque brachytherapy and proton beam radiotherapy following wide surgical excision.

Observations: A 66-year-old male presented with two pigmented lesions that were concerning for conjunctival melanoma. One of the lesions was on the bulbar conjunctiva near the corneal limbus, and the other in the lower fornix.

Evaluation of increasing levels of mycotoxin-containing corn fines and mitigants on nursery pig growth performance.

The effects of feeding corn fines (screenings) containing mycotoxin levels greater than the FDA guidance (fumonisins) and advisory (deoxynivalenol) levels were evaluated using 150 crossbred pigs (initial BW: 6.42 ± 0.06 kg; 90 barrows and 60 gilts) in an 8-wk study by adding contaminated corn fines to create six diets.

South Dakota State University Extension's two-year beefSD program has high impact on beginning beef cattle producers.

The value of Extension programming is the generation of short (knowledge gain), medium (behavior change), and long (condition improvement) term outcomes or impact for clientele. Evaluating impact is a critical step in Extension programming. Effective evaluation can be used to measure outcomes, adapt and improve curricula of ongoing programs, and document public value gained from Extension funding.

Driving change: exploring cattle transporters' perspectives to improve worker and animal well-being.

The cattle industry has made considerable efforts to adopt more sustainable beef production practices. Still, the social pillar of sustainability-especially workforce well-being-often receives less attention than the environmental and economic pillars. There is also limited information about the perspectives of U.

The Downfall of Health and Wellness as a Challenge to Humanity: Using Science Fiction to Highlight a Real-Life Crisis.

My academic career has largely focused on the importance of healthy lifestyle behaviors, in both primary and secondary prevention, to reduce the risk of poor health outcomes and improve quality of life. Despite the evidence and clear value of adopting healthy living medicine as a primary component of healthcare delivery, much of the world, particularly the United States, has remained mired in a secondary, reactive model, where unhealthy lifestyles and chronic disease are often allowed to run rampant before healthcare management is initiated. I was recently at a scientific meeting where a fellow attendee stated that our scientific writing would benefit from new perspectives and approaches, with a hope of resonating with audiences on a different level and hopefully facilitating meaningful change that has previously not been realized.

Non-invasive low-grade papillary urothelial carcinoma with whorled features: a report of two cases.

Non-invasive papillary urothelial carcinomas present as cytoarchitectural disorders without invasion through the basement membrane. They are divided into low-grade and high-grade categories on the basis of the extent of cytologic atypia and architectural disarray. Notably, divergent differentiation (such as squamous and glandular differentiation) and variants (such as nested, micropapillary, plasmacytoid, and sarcomatoid) are reported primarily in invasive and high-grade urothelial carcinomas.

CSL-CTEA: a systematic method for evaluating novel intelligent cognitive assessment tools.

With the intensification of global population aging, the incidence of cognitive disorders such as dementia continues to rise. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and other alternative tools can help doctors detect subtle changes in cognitive function at an early stage. These assessment tools can make a diagnosis before symptoms become severe, providing opportunities for early intervention, which is crucial for delaying disease progression and improving the quality of life of patients.

Identifying emergency medicine program directors' expectations of competence upon entry into residency: Bridging the distance from the Association of American Medical Colleges Core Entrustable Professional Activities.

Background: Residency program directors (PDs) frequently describe students as unprepared for the patient care responsibilities expected of them upon entry into residency. The Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) developed the Core Entrustable Professional Activities (Core EPAs) to address this concern by defining 13 tasks students should be able to do with minimal supervision upon graduation. However, the Core EPAs remain difficult for PDs to use due to their breadth and lack of granularity.

Implementation of regional anesthesia education for emergency medicine residents and faculty.

Background: Using opioids for pain management in emergency departments (ED) poses risks such as respiratory depression and addiction. Ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia (UGRA) offers an alternative to opioids and procedural sedation, yet many emergency medicine (EM) residencies lack formal training for this skill. It is crucial to develop education initiatives aimed at incorporating UGRA techniques into clinical practice for emergency physicians (EPs).

Notch1 signaling regulates Sox9 and VEGFA expression and governs BMP2-induced endochondral ossification of mesenchymal stem cells.

Although bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) can induce chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), its induction of endochondral ossification limits the application of BMP2-based cartilage regeneration. Here, we clarified the mechanisms of BMP2-induced endochondral ossification of MSCs. and chondrogenic, osteogenic, and angiogenic differentiation models of MSCs were constructed.

Miniaturized assay to evaluate Plasmodium cynomolgi and P. knowlesi as models for prioritizing P. vivax vaccine targets.

Plasmodium vivax vaccine discovery lags behind P. falciparum due to the absence of a reliable in vitro culture system. We developed a miniature 384-well assay for the evolutionarily related parasite species P.