Distinct structural and functional heterochromatin partitioning of lamin B1 and lamin B2 revealed using genome-wide nicking enzyme epitope targeted DNA sequencing.

Gene expression is regulated by chromatin DNA methylation and other features, including histone post-translational modifications (PTMs), chromatin remodelers and transcription factor occupancy. A complete understanding of gene regulation will require the mapping of these chromatin features in small cell number samples. Here we describe a novel genome-wide chromatin profiling technology, named as Nicking Enzyme Epitope targeted DNA sequencing (NEED-seq).

Correlating autonomic physiology with symptoms of autonomic dysreflexia after spinal cord injury.

Background: Individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) commonly have autonomic dysreflexia (AD) with increased sympathetic activity. After SCI, individuals have decreased baroreflex sensitivity and increased vascular responsiveness.

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between baroreflex and blood vessel sensitivity with AD symptoms.

Number of Previous Strokes and the Association With Clinical Outcomes of Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: Longitudinal Data From the GLORIA-AF Registry.

Background: Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) who suffered a previous stroke are at increased risk of recurrent thromboembolic events and other major outcomes. The impact of the number of stroke episodes on the natural history of patients with AF is still unclear.

Methods And Results: Using data from the international, multicenter, and prospective GLORIA-AF (Global Registry on Long-Term Oral Antithrombotic Treatment in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation) Registry Phase III, we categorized patients with a recent diagnosis of non-valvular AF according to the number of previous strokes (either 0, 1, or ≥2 episodes).

The association of seizure control with neuropathology in dementia.

Seizures in people with dementia (PWD) are associated with faster cognitive decline and worse clinical outcomes. However, the relationship between ongoing seizure activity and postmortem neuropathology in PWD remains unexplored. We compared post-mortem findings in PWD with active, remote, and no seizures using multicentre data from 39 Alzheimer's Disease Centres from 2005 to 2021.

Dual test gas pulmonary diffusing capacity in patients with idiopathic scoliosis 40 years after diagnosis.

There is limited knowledge on diffusing capacity in scoliosis patients. It remains to be determined if impaired pulmonary diffusing capacity is mostly influenced by reduced alveolar-capillary membrane diffusing capacity (D), reduced pulmonary capillary blood volume (V) or both. This study aims to report findings from dual test gas pulmonary diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide and nitric oxide (D) with quantification of pulmonary diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide corrected for haemoglobin with a five s breath-hold (D) and nitric oxide with a five s breath-hold (D), D and V.

The Association Between Serum Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase and Gastrointestinal Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) has been shown to have associations with several diseases including cancers. Previous studies have investigated the effect of GGT levels on the gastrointestinal (GI) cancer incidence. We aim to systematically investigate these studies to provide better insights into the interrelationship between GGT and GI cancers.

Farm Progress Show Attendees' Use, Knowledge and Attitudes Regarding Off-Road Vehicles on Public Roads.

Most deaths due to all-terrain vehicles (ATVs) and utility task vehicles (UTVs) occur on public roads, despite manufacturers' warnings that they are not designed for roadway use. Our study objective was to determine rural residents' use, knowledge, and attitudes regarding ATVs/UTVs on public roads. A convenience sample of 2022 Farm Progress Show attendees were surveyed ( = 361).

Elevated Cerebrospinal Fluid α-Synuclein Seeding Activity Predicts Central Lewy Body Diseases.

Background: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) α-synuclein seeding activity (SSA) via a seed amplification assay might predict central Lewy body diseases (LBD) in at-risk individuals.

Objective: The aim was to assess CSF SSA in a prospective, longitudinal study.

Methods: Participants self-reported risk factors were genetics, olfactory dysfunction, dream enactment behavior, orthostatic intolerance, or hypotension; individuals who had ≥3 confirmed risk factors underwent CSF sampling and were followed for up to 7.

Extended Post-Operative Antibiotic Usage Does Not Reduce Surgical Site Infections after Spinal Surgery.

Currently there is not a clear basis of evidence for post-operative antibiotic duration in spine surgery. A better understanding of risk factors and proper dosing for antibiotics will help improve outcomes and further define appropriate antibiotic use. A single-center retrospective cohort study of all patients undergoing spinal fusions and/or decompressions between January 1, 2018, and July 1, 2023 was performed.

A Phase 1 Randomized Study to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of Single Escalating Oral Doses of Dordaviprone and the Effects of Food on the Bioavailability of Dordaviprone in Healthy Adult Subjects.

Dordaviprone (ONC201) is a novel, small molecule imipridone with antitumor effects in glioma patients. This study evaluated the pharmacokinetics and safety of dordaviprone following single escalating doses (Part A), as a capsule content mixed with applesauce or Gatorade (sports drink) [Part B1]), and with or without food [Part B2]. The most common treatment-emergent adverse events pooled across study parts (Parts A, B1, and B2) were headache, dizziness, and headache, respectively; all were mild.

Ecophysiological responses to heat waves in the marine intertidal zone.

One notable consequence of climate change is an increase in the frequency, scale and severity of heat waves. Heat waves in terrestrial habitats (atmospheric heat waves, AHW) and marine habitats (marine heat waves, MHW) have received considerable attention as environmental forces that impact organisms, populations and whole ecosystems. Only one ecosystem, the intertidal zone, experiences both MHWs and AHWs.

Welfare Status in Dairy Cows during Confined and Grazing Periods in the North American Pacific Northwest using Blood Parameters and Visual Assessments.

Grazing is usually associated with higher well-being in dairy cows. However, current research on the welfare of grazing cows lacks validation via blood profiling. We monitored four dairy farms that seasonally graze in the temperate North American Pacific Northwest, USA, to address this gap.

Comparing four methods for assessing interprofessional learning in a practice setting.

Healthcare practitioners must be trained to collaborate in a dynamic environment where patients are complex and teams can change from day-to-day, but choosing the right measures to assess the effectiveness of interprofessional teamwork among learners is challenging. This study used measures representing four different perspectives to assess student teams in a practice setting where team composition varied each day. We tested the strength of the relationships between these measures, and we examined the impact of additional variables on each measure.

Safety of pre-operative venogram for hemodialysis access planning in pre-end-stage kidney disease patients.

Background: Although conventional pre-operative venography can accurately delineate venous anatomy as an alternative to ultrasound for hemodialysis access planning, it may carry a risk of contrast-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) and progression of renal failure in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients not yet on dialysis. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of pre-operative venograms in pre-end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) patients.

Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study (2018-2022) of consecutive pre-ESKD patients who underwent staged bilateral venograms for preoperative vein mapping prior to hemodialysis access creation at a tertiary care medical center.

Use of Digital Health Interventions for Cancer Prevention Among People Living With Disabilities in the United States: A Scoping Review.

Background: The use of digital health strategies for cancer care increased dramatically in the United States over the past 4 years. However, a dearth of knowledge remains about the use of digital health for cancer prevention for some populations with heath disparities. Therefore, the purpose of the present scoping review was to identify digital health interventions for cancer prevention designed for people with disabilities.

APOE4 impact on soluble and insoluble tau pathology is mostly influenced by amyloid-beta.

The APOE4 allele is the strongest genetic risk factor for sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD). While APOE4 is strongly associated with amyloid-beta (Aβ), its relationship with tau accumulation is less understood. Studies evaluating the role of APOE4 on tau accumulation showed conflicting results, particularly regarding the independence of these associations from Aβ load.

Recent clinical and mechanistic insights into vitiligo offer new treatment options for cell-specific autoimmunity.

Vitiligo is an autoimmune disease that has been recognized, stigmatized, and treated for millennia. Recent translational research has revealed key mechanisms of disease, including cellular stress, innate immune activation, T cell-mediated elimination of melanocytes from the skin resulting in clinically apparent white spots, as well as stem cell regeneration that reverses established lesions. Many of these pathways have been targeted therapeutically, leading to the first FDA-approved medication to reverse the disease, with many more in clinical trials.

An epigenetic pathway regulates MHC-II expression and function in B cell lymphoma models.

Mutations or homozygous deletions of MHC class II (MHC-II) genes are commonly found in B cell lymphomas that develop in immune-privileged sites and have been associated with patient survival. However, the mechanisms regulating MHC-II expression, particularly through genetic and epigenetic factors, are not yet fully understood. In this study, we identified a key signaling pathway involving the histone H2AK119 deubiquitinase BRCA1 associated protein 1 (BAP1), the interferon regulatory factor interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF1), and the MHC-II transactivator class II transactivator (CIITA), which directly activates MHC-II gene expression.

No bones about it: regulatory T cells promote fracture healing.

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are increasingly being recognized for their role in promoting tissue repair. In this issue of the JCI, Chen et al. found that Tregs at the site of bone injury contribute to bone repair.

Fertility preservation in cancer patients: Data collection, analysis, and continuous improvement of cryostorage.

Data collection from all referred patients allows continuous learning and improvement of services. Patient safety and return for cancer therapy takes priority in all oncofertility services. In certain cases, the intervention for female patients is contraindicated and, aside from extensive counseling, alternative methods of preserving fertility should be explored.

Prognostic Value of Frailty in Patients With Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy.

Background: There is scarce data on the prognostic value of frailty in patients with Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TCM). This study aimed to assess the association between frailty and in-hospital outcomes in patients with TCM.

Methods: Adult admissions with TCM were included using the 2016-2019 National Inpatient Sample database.