The impact of stigma and discrimination-based narratives in the health of migrants in Latin America and the Caribbean: a scoping review.

Stigma and discrimination-based narratives have been associated with adverse health outcomes. Migrants and refugees face multiple barriers to accessing healthcare, influenced by stigma and discrimination-based narratives against them. We conducted a scoping review of scientific and grey literature (n = 61) to discuss available evidence in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) concerning communication and narrative speeches related to international migration and its implications for population health, particularly when associated with stigma and discrimination against migrants and refugees.

The response of health systems to the needs of migrants and refugees in the COVID-19 pandemic: a comparative case study between Mexico, Colombia and Peru.

Background: Protecting the health of migrants and refugees during the pandemic was a significant challenge in the Latin American region. We aimed to describe and contrast the response of the health systems of Mexico, Colombia and Perú to migrants' and refugees' health needs during the COVID-19 pandemic, and to situate the response in the context of the migration and health policies of each country.

Methods: We conducted case studies of the three countries.

Analyzing exercise-to-rest ratios in U19 American football European championship: implications for team success and injury prevention.

Background: The teams' collective playing strategy rather than the individual player attitudes could explain event outcome and risk of injuries.

Objective: The study aimed to examine the playing style of European teams and compare it to the USA.

Method: 12 matches from the U19 European championship of American Football were analysed.

Step by step: Anti-Asian discrimination and bystander intervention.

Combating the recent surge of anti-Asian racism requires a collective effort that includes the willingness of nontarget bystanders to intervene, but little is known about the circumstances under which they are willing to do so. The present qualitative study explores why non-Asian bystanders decide to intervene when they witness anti-Asian racism, and why, under other circumstances, they choose not to. Twenty semi-structured interviews were conducted with non-Asian college students who witnessed anti-Asian discrimination.

Characterizing PTSD Using Electrophysiology: Towards A Precision Medicine Approach.

Resting-state EEG measures have shown potential in distinguishing individuals with PTSD from healthy controls. ERP components such as N2, P3, and late positive potential have been consistently linked to cognitive abnormalities in PTSD, especially in tasks involving emotional or trauma-related stimuli. However, meta-analyses have reported inconsistent findings.

Flex vs. Vantage Pipeline™ Flow Diverters: Technical analysis in treating complex fusiform basilar artery aneurysm.

We present a case of an adult patient with a large symptomatic fusiform basilar artery aneurysm. This video demonstrates the ease of deploying the new Pipeline™ Vantage Flow Diverter compared to the Flex model in the same vessel. The Flex and Vantage have different deployment techniques-as using the Flex maneuvering technique on the Vantage may damage the braid.

The Presence of a Trochlear Bump and Patella Alta May Predict the Risk of Recurrent Instability After Isolated Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction (MPFLR) is an excellent surgical option for patients with recurrent patellar instability. This technique has demonstrated significant improvements in patient-reported outcomes, high rates of return to sport, and low rates of failure. However, there is debate regarding the use of isolated MPFLR in the setting of concomitant pathoanatomic features such as patella alta, trochlear dysplasia, or a lateralized tibial tubercle.

Intra-articular Injections of CXCR4-Overexpressing Human Cartilage-Derived Progenitor Cells Improve Meniscus Healing and Protect Against Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis in Immunocompetent Rabbits.

Background: Meniscal injuries that fail to heal instigate catabolic changes in the knee's microenvironment, posing a high risk for developing posttraumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA). Previous research has suggested that human cartilage-derived progenitor cells (hCPCs) can stimulate meniscal repair in a manner that depends on stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) pathway activity.

Hypothesis: Overexpressing the SDF-1 receptor CXCR4 in hCPCs will increase cell trafficking and further improve the repair efficacy of meniscal injuries.

High-Grade Sarcomatous Transformation of Hybrid Hemosiderotic Fibrolipomatous Tumor-Myxoinflammatory Fibroblastic Sarcoma with Novel Gene Fusion.

Hemosiderotic fibrolipomatous tumor (HFLT) and myxoinflammatory fibroblastic sarcoma (MIFS) are rare, locally aggressive soft tissue tumors with a predilection for distal extremities of middle-aged adults. Hybrid tumors (HFLT-MIFS) demonstrate overlapping features of both and share recurrent translocation (1;10) (p22; q24). We describe a tumor with high-grade sarcomatous transformation of a hybrid HFLT-MIFS, with a novel gene fusion, presenting as a right foot soft tissue mass in an 85-year-old woman.

Assessing the Utility of DNA Methylation Profiling in the Classification of Myogenic Sarcomas of Bone.

The diagnosis of primary leiomyosarcoma (LMS) of bone is generally established based on integrative findings of morphologic features, immunohistochemical staining, and clinical and radiological findings. There are no specific genetic alterations that can be used to confirm the diagnosis of LMS in challenging diagnoses of bone sarcomas with myogenic differentiation. In this study, we assessed the utility of a DNA methylation-based classifier as an ancillary diagnostic tool for subclassifying bone sarcomas with myogenic differentiation.

Primary Intracranial Sarcoma, DICER1-Mutant, With Prominent Chondroid Differentiation: Case Report and Summary of Reported Patients in Literature.

Primary intracranial sarcoma, -mutant, included as a new diagnostic entity in the 2021 WHO Classification of Central Nervous System Tumors, is a rare, but aggressive neoplasm generally identified in the supratentorial forebrain. The prognostic implications of these uncommon tumors and optimal treatment strategy remain unclear. A 19-year-old woman was found unresponsive after reporting a severe headache.

Incisor cross-sectional area at the cementoenamel junction correlates with an increased reliance on frugivory in anthropoid primates.

Diet is one of a limited set of key ecological parameters defining primate species. A detailed understanding of dental functional correlates with primate diet is a key component for accurate dietary inference in fossil primates. Although considerable effort has been devoted to understanding post-canine dental function, incisor function remains poorly understood.

Posterolateral Corner Reconstruction: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Biomechanical Studies.

Background: Surgical reconstruction is the standard treatment for injuries to the posterolateral corner (PLC) of the knee and can be performed using either a fibular-based or combined tibiofibular-based technique. Although some comparative studies have been performed, there is no consensus regarding the reconstructive approach that confers optimal biomechanical properties of the PLC.

Purpose: To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the biomechanical properties of the knee after PLC reconstruction with fibular-based and tibiofibular-based techniques.

Treatment with Sulodexide Downregulates Biomarkers for Endothelial Dysfunction in Convalescent COVID-19 Patients.

Introduction: Persistent elevation of biomarkers associated with endothelial dysfunction in convalescent COVID-19 patients has been linked to an increased risk of long-term cardiovascular complications, including long COVID syndrome. Sulodexide, known for its vascular endothelial affinity, has demonstrated pleiotropic protective properties. This study aims to evaluate the impact of sulodexide on serum levels of endothelial dysfunction biomarkers in patients during the convalescent phase of COVID-19.

Relationship between service receipt during the COVID-19 pandemic and autistic children's multisystem outcomes and autism severity: A SPARK dataset analysis.

Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) display a variety of core and co-occurring difficulties in social, communication, everyday functioning, cognitive, motor, and language domains. Receiving a combination of services to accommodate needs of autistic individuals is essential for improving their future outcomes. During the COVID-19 pandemic, reduced service access negatively impacted autistic children's outcomes.

Uncovering the State of Current Data on Quadriceps Tendon Autograft Use Versus Bone-Patellar Tendon-Bone and Hamstring Tendon Autografts in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction at ≥5 Years After Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: The use of quadriceps tendon (QT) autograft for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction has been increasing since 2014. Studies have shown that QT is comparable to hamstring tendon (HT) and bone-patellar tendon-bone (BTB) autografts in terms of outcomes, although QT autograft has lower rates of donor site morbidity. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses have been previously conducted on this topic, although none have focused solely on data of patients at least 5 years out from surgery.

A concept analysis of the recurrence-related to diabetic foot ulcers.

Background And Purpose: There is inconsistency and lack of conceptual clarity regarding the concept of "recurrence" in diabetes-related foot ulcers. Therefore, the purpose of this concept analysis is to analyze the concept of recurrence-related to diabetes-related foot ulcer after the healing of a previous foot ulcer.

Method: The Rodger's evolutionary concept analysis method was employed to analyze the concept of recurrence in diabetes-related foot ulcers.

Only skull-deep? Headbutting adaptations may not extend to the brain cavity.

High-impact headbutting behavior makes the muskox (Ovibos moschatus) a charismatic species. While many theorize how these headbutting bovids might protect their brain during such encounters, few have investigated their claims anatomically. We investigated the anatomical function of digitiform impressions in the bovid brain cavity and their relationship to headbutting.

Epitaxy of Emerging Materials and Advanced Heterostructures for Microelectronics and Quantum Sciences.

Epitaxy, a process to prepare crystalline materials in nanostructures and thin films, is the core technology for preparing high-quality materials as a key enabler of next-generation microelectronics and quantum information system. Progress in epitaxy has been expanding the choice of materials and their heterostructures beyond the combinations limited by materials compatibility. However, the improvement of material quality, physical implementation of materials with unique properties, and integration of incommensurate materials in an architecture have been the challenging issues.

Reversible Nanocomposite by Programming Amorphous Polymer Conformation Under Nanoconfinement.

Nanoconfinements are utilized to program how polymers entangle and disentangle as chain clusters to engineer pseudo bonds with tunable strength, multivalency, and directionality. When amorphous polymers are grafted to nanoparticles that are one magnitude larger in size than individual polymers, programming grafted chain conformations can "synthesize" high-performance nanocomposites with moduli of ≈25GPa and a circular lifecycle without forming and/or breaking chemical bonds. These nanocomposites dissipate external stresses by disentangling and stretching grafted polymers up to ≈98% of their contour length, analogous to that of folded proteins; use both polymers and nanoparticles for load bearing; and exhibit a non-linear dependence on composition throughout the microscopic, nanoscopic, and single-particle levels.

Isoform-selective and non-selective rho-kinase inhibitors do not affect collagenase-induced intracerebral hemorrhage outcomes in mice: Influence of sex and circadian cycle.

Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) inhibitors are therapeutic candidates in ischemic stroke and subarachnoid hemorrhage. However, their efficacy in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is unknown. Here, we tested the efficacy of fasudil (10 mg/kg), an isoform-nonselective ROCK inhibitor, and NRL-1049 (10 mg/kg), a novel inhibitor with 43-fold higher selectivity for ROCK2 isoform compared with ROCK1, in a collagenase-induced ICH model in mice.

Comparison of two techniques to blind end jejunum and ileum for jejunocaecostomy in horses.

Background: Jejunocaecostomy (JC) is frequently required to bypass diseased ileum as a side-to-side (SS) anastomosis with blind end closure of the small intestine. The effects of the blind end closure method on the performance of the anastomosis have not been studied.

Objectives: To compare handsewn and stapled blind end closures of the ileum and jejunum.

Glutamine metabolism is systemically different between primary and induced pluripotent stem cell-derived brain microvascular endothelial cells.

Human primary (hpBMEC) and induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived brain microvascular endothelial-like cells (hiBMEC) are interchangeably used in blood-brain barrier models to study neurological diseases and drug delivery. Both hpBMEC and hiBMEC use glutamine as a source of carbon and nitrogen to produce metabolites and build proteins essential to cell function and communication. We used metabolomic, transcriptomic, and computational methods to examine how hpBMEC and hiBMEC metabolize glutamine, which may impact their utility in modeling the blood-brain barrier.

Paramedic assessment of suspected or confirmed COVID-19 patients in the out-of-hospital environment: a scoping review protocol.

Objective: The objective of this review is to develop a comprehensive collection of information about the current processes for paramedics assessing and referring suspected or confirmed COVID-19 patients in the out-of-hospital environment.

Introduction: Patients with COVID-19 are frequently encountered by paramedics and ambulance service clinicians. Increased demand on ambulance services has resulted in many of these services developing alternative referral pathways to avoid unnecessary conveyance to emergency departments.