Time trends in health-related quality of life assessment and reporting within publications of oncology randomised phase III trials: a meta-research study.

Objective: To assess time trends in the inclusion of health-related quality of life (QoL) among study endpoints and in the reporting of QoL results in study publications, randomised phase III oncology trials published between 2017 and 2021 were compared with the trials published in the previous 5 years.

Methods And Analysis: All issues published between 2012 and 2021 by 11 major journals were handsearched for primary publications of phase III trials in adult patients with solid tumours. Trials published in 2017-2021 were compared with trials published in 2012-2016 for three endpoints: (1) proportion of publications including QoL among endpoints out of all the eligible publications; (2) proportion of publications presenting QoL results out of those including QoL among endpoints and (3) proportion of publications presenting QoL data out of all the eligible publications.

Global trends in incidence, death, burden and risk factors of early-onset cancer from 1990 to 2019.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the global burden of early-onset cancer based on the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 study for 29 cancers worldwid.

Methods And Analysis: Incidence, deaths, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and risk factors for 29 early-onset cancer groups were obtained from GBD.

Results: Global incidence of early-onset cancer increased by 79.

Does radiofrequency ablation of the lower oesophagus allow for clonal expansion of highly mutated neosquamous epithelium?

Objective: In Barrett's oesophagus (BE), after radiofrequency ablation (RFA), the oesophagus can be repopulated with a stratified 'neosquamous epithelium' (NeoSE). While histologically normal, the origin and clonal make-up of this NeoSE is unknown. An increased understanding of NeoSE is important as some studies suggest that NeoSE is biologically abnormal.

Screening for prostate cancer: evidence, ongoing trials, policies and knowledge gaps.

Long-term screening with serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and systematic prostate biopsies can reduce prostate cancer mortality but leads to unacceptable overdiagnosis. Over the past decade, diagnostic methods have improved and the indolent nature of low-grade prostate cancer has been established. These advances now enable more selective detection of potentially lethal prostate cancer.

Use of immunosuppression and subsequent cancer incidence: cohort study.

Objective: Evaluate the association between cancer incidence and immunosuppressive treatment in patients with ocular inflammatory disease (OID).

Methods And Analysis: We performed a retrospective cohort study of patients from 10 US OID subspecialty practices. Patients with non-infectious OID were included; HIV-infected patients were excluded.

Boosting and broadening recruitment to UK cancer trials: towards a blueprint for action.

Recruitment and retention in cancer trials are long-standing issues, exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. The UK National Institute of Health Research and leading clinicians have emphasised the urgency to achieve and surpass prepandemic levels of participation. Data from a recent UK trial demonstrated the impact of COVID-19 and highlighted factors that limited recruitment.

A critical review of heat pump adoption in empirical and modeling literature.

Household electrification is an important pillar of decarbonization in the US and requires the rapid adoption of electric heat pumps. Household energy models that project adoption rates do not represent these decisions well. To what extent are they limited by fundamental knowledge gaps, or is there scope to incorporate insights from the social science literature? We review the energy modeling and social science literature on heating equipment adoption to synthesize our understanding of adoption decisions, to identify best practices on representing decision-making behavior among energy models, and to suggest model improvements.

Phenotypic consequences of logarithmic signaling in MAPK stress response.

How cells respond to dynamic environmental changes is crucial for understanding fundamental biological processes and cell physiology. In this study, we developed an experimental and quantitative analytical framework to explore how dynamic stress gradients that change over time regulate cellular volume, signaling activation, and growth phenotypes. Our findings reveal that gradual stress conditions substantially enhance cell growth compared to conventional acute stress.

Provider Lifestyle Counseling Among Adults With Cardiometabolic Disease Diagnosis Differs by Sociodemographic Characteristics and Lifestyle Modification: NHANES 2017-2020.

Background: Provider lifestyle counseling is important for improving lifestyles and cardiometabolic disease (CMD) prognosis. However, an examination of the relationship between sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle modification and provider lifestyle counseling receipt among adults with CMD is scarce. The study examined the prevalence and associations of lifestyle modification and sociodemographic characteristics with provider lifestyle counseling among adults with CMD diagnosis.

Metal-ligand cooperativity enables zero-valent metal transfer.

Group 13 aminoxy complexes of the form (L)E(TEMPO) (TEMPO = 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine 1-oxyl; L = THF (tetrahydrofuran) or Py (pyridine); E = Al, Ga, In) were prepared and structurally characterized. The complexes (THF)Ga(TEMPO) (1·THF) and (Py)In(TEMPO) (2·Py) are shown to heterolytically cleave H under mild conditions (3 atm, 20 °C, ≤ 1 h). 1·THF reacts reversibly with H to form a formal H-adduct that bears a Ga(iii) hydride site and a protonated TEMPO ligand with concomitant loss of THF, consistent with Ga(iii) and TEMPO functioning as Lewis acid and base, respectively.

Chatbot-assisted quantum chemistry for explicitly solvated molecules.

Advanced computational chemistry software packages have transformed chemical research by leveraging quantum chemistry and molecular simulations. Despite their capabilities, the complicated design and the requirement for specialized computing hardware hinder their applications in the broad chemistry community. Here, we introduce AutoSolvateWeb, a chatbot-assisted computational platform that addresses both challenges simultaneously.

Therapeutic Flecainide Toxicity Causing VT Storm.

Ventricular tachycardia (VT) storm is a fatal arrhythmia with multiple contributory etiologies. This paper presents a case of a 71-year-old woman who developed VT storm from flecainide toxicity occurring at therapeutic flecainide levels. Flecainide toxicity should be considered in any patient on flecainide presenting with VT.

First-in-Human Helical-Fixation Leadless Pacemaker in the Left Atrium for D-Transposition With Atrial Switch Procedure.

Background: The atrial switch procedure is accompanied by a very high rate of sinus node dysfunction. Baffle stenosis is a common problem with transvenous pacemaker leads in this scenario.

Case Summary: We present a first-in-human case of a leadless pacer (LP) in the left atrium in a patient with prior atrial switch for transposition and sinus node dysfunction complicated by multiple abandoned leads, superior baffle occlusion, and failed extraction.

Pulmonary Embolism in a Palliative Aortopulmonary Shunt.

A 44-year-old man with a history of tricuspid atresia and discontinuous pulmonary arteries with palliative correction from a Waterston procedure and a modified central shunt presented with back pain, fevers, dyspnea, and cough. Treatment for pneumonia was unsuccessful. On computed tomography angiography he was found to have a subacute pulmonary embolism, potentially iatrogenic.

Takotsubo Syndrome in a 47-Year-Old Woman With Repaired Tetralogy of Fallot.

Takotsubo syndrome or broken-heart syndrome is a rare form of nonischemic cardiomyopathy characterized by regional systolic dysfunction of the left ventricle without evidence of coronary artery disease or acute plaque rupture. This transient impairment in myocardial contractility leads to symptoms and signs that can mimic a myocardial infarction. We present a case of Takotsubo syndrome in a 47-year-old premenopausal woman with complex congenital heart disease who initially presented with acute onset of shortness of breath and chest tightness after a verbal altercation.

Coronary CTA-Guided Bifurcation PCI: Role of FFR Virtual PCI and Myocardial Mass for Preprocedural Planning.

Coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) analysis can help in the planning of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Fractional flow reserve derived from coronary CTA (FFR), coronary CTA-derived regional myocardial mass, and FFR virtual PCI planner can facilitate decisions concerning sheath and guide catheter selection, stent lengths on the basis of predicted post-PCI FFR, optimal fluoroscopic angles, evaluation of provisional vs 2-stent bifurcation PCI techniques, and assessment of the magnitude of jeopardized myocardial mass in cases with side branch compromise. This case series illustrates the emerging opportunities for coronary CTA-based planning of bifurcation PCI.

A Common Diagnostic Dilemma: Inflammation or Infarction.

Early infarct-associated pericarditis is a rare entity, given the availability of early coronary angiography and intervention. Although the electrocardiogram and the surface echocardiogram are initial studies, definitive imaging with cardiac magnetic resonance is recommended. We present a case of early infarct-associated pericarditis in the setting of a late-presenting silent right coronary artery myocardial infarction.

POEMS Syndrome Presenting as First-Time Heart Failure Exacerbation.

We highlight the case of a 40-year-old man who presented with heart failure exacerbation and was ultimately discovered to have POEMS (polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal plasma cell disorder, and skin changes) syndrome.

Adenosine-Sensitive Upper Septal Fascicular Ventricular Tachycardia Associated With Takotsubo Syndrome.

We describe a rare case of upper septal fascicular ventricular tachycardia (VT) associated with takotsubo syndrome that failed to convert with synchronized shock but converted to normal sinus rhythm after intravenous adenosine administration. The excess catecholamine state of takotsubo syndrome likely provided substrate for cyclic adenosine monophosphate-mediated triggered activity, causing fascicular VT.