Evaluation of Nutritional Values of Defatted Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) Larvae Meal Using the Precision-Fed Cecectomized Rooster Assay.

The use of insects, such as black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae meal (BSFLM), as an alternative protein source for pet food has gained attention due to their high nutritional value. The objective of this study was to determine the chemical composition, amino acid digestibility, and protein quality of defatted BSFLM of two distinct substrates (wheat and corn, BSFLM-W and BSFLM-C). Whole egg powder (WEP) and chicken meal (CM) were used as reference protein sources commonly used in pet foods.

Amino Acid Digestibility of Yellow Mealworm-Based Ingredients using the Precision-Fed Cecectomized Rooster Assay.

Yellow mealworms (Tenebrio molitor) serve as an alternative protein source. Because the amino acid (AA) concentrations, AA digestibility, and protein quality of ingredients may vary depending on their husbandry, harvest and processing procedures, and other factors, each should be evaluated separately. The objective of this study was to measure the AA composition, AA digestibility, and protein quality of yellow mealworm-based ingredients using the precision-fed cecectomized rooster assay.

Interplay of replication timing, DNA repair, and translesion synthesis in UV mutagenesis in yeast.

Replication timing during S-phase impacts mutation rates in yeast and human cancers; however, the exact mechanism involved remains unclear. Here, we analyze the impact of replication timing on UV mutagenesis in . Our analysis indicates that UV mutations are enriched in early-replicating regions of the genome in wild-type cells, but in cells deficient in global genomic-nucleotide excision repair (GG-NER), mutations are enriched in late-replicating regions.

Ethical issues surrounding the implementation of long-acting injectable antiretroviral therapy in sub-Saharan Africa.

Background: This article discusses the ethical issues surrounding the integration of long-acting injectable antiretroviral therapy (LA-ART) in the programmatic management of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). As the medical landscape evolves, implementing LA-ART introduces many ethical issues that should be considered for the success of scale-up in diverse settings.

Methods: This article examines key issues such as bioethical concerns around the rollout of LA-ART, including regulatory requirements, a person's autonomy, informed consent, privacy and confidentiality; the societal implications of providing LA-ART, including the impact on stigma and discrimination; ethics around who receives LA-ART, financial accessibility, equitable access, inclusive decision-making and cultural sensitivity; and the ethics of providing an expensive intervention, including cost-effectiveness, supply chain sustainability and resource allocation.

Wnt5a regulates the expression of developmental genes in the adult retina following optic nerve crush injury.

Canonical and non-canonical Wnt signaling pathways are well-characterized regulators of retinal development. Wnt signaling also promotes neuroprotection and regeneration in adult tissues, including retinal ganglion cell (RGC) survival and axonal regrowth after optic nerve injury. However, it is unknown whether Wnt-dependent neuroprotection after injury in the adult CNS is associated with altered expression of developmental genes.

Chaotic Direct Ink Writing (ChDIW) of Hybrid Hydrogels: Implication for Fabrication of Micro-ordered Multifunctional Cryogels.

The modern era demands multifunctional materials to support advanced technologies and tackle complex environmental issues caused by these innovations. Consequently, material hybridization has garnered significant attention as a strategy to design materials with prescribed multifunctional properties. Drawing inspiration from nature, a multi-scale material design approach is proposed to produce 3D-shaped hybrid materials by combining chaotic flows with direct ink writing (ChDIW).

Impact of geo-climatic factors on the prevalence and diversity of tick fauna in Achai cattle of the northern Hindukush Mountains, Khyber pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

Background: Ticks are blood-feeding ectoparasites that can transmit different diseases in livestock and humans. Globally, 994 tick species are recognized, belonging to three families, that is, Argasidae (220 species), Ixodidae (773 species) and Nuttalliellidae (one species). The current study investigated the impact of geo-climatic conditions on the prevalence and distribution of ticks in Achai cattle of the northern Hindukush Mountains of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

Real-world comparison of lisocabtagene maraleucel and axicabtagene ciloleucel in large B-cell lymphoma: an inverse probability of treatment weighting analysis with 3-year follow up.

Lisocabtagene maraleucel (liso-cel) and axicabtagene ciloleucel (axi-cel) are FDA- and EMAapproved chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapies for relapsed/refractory large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL). However, comparative real-world analyses of their efficacy and toxicity with extended follow-up are lacking. We conducted a retrospective study of 160 LBCL patients treated at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center with commercial liso-cel or axi-cel per standard of care.

New Food Ingredients: The Challenge of Potential New Pathogens and Spoilage Issues.

The UN Sustainable Development Goal 2 (Zero Hunger) highlights the need to produce sufficient food commodities to meet the world's population demands and combat hunger, while also respecting the environment and adhering to sustainability principles. Since the beginning of the 21st century, new ideas, ingredients, and technologies have emerged that could significantly transform the food industry. These transformations may alter the rules of food production by integrating traditional knowledge with new technologies and scientific advancements.

Leukemic presentation in nodal mantle cell lymphoma is characterized by frequent SOX11 negativity, a poor risk genomic landscape including higher alterations, and worse overall survival.

Not available.

Challenges and Opportunities for Rechargeable Aqueous Sn Metal Batteries.

Rechargeable aqueous batteries based on metallic anodes hold tremendous potential of high energy density enabled by the combination of relatively low working potential and large capacity while retaining the intrinsic safety nature and economical value of aqueous systems; However, the realization of these promised advantages relies on the identification of an ideal metal anode chemistry with all these merits. In this review, the emerging Sn metal anode chemistry is examined as such an anode candidate in both acidic and alkaline media, where the inertness of Sn toward hydrogen evolution, flat low voltage profile, and low polarization make it a unique metal anode for aqueous batteries. From a panoramic viewpoint, the key challenges and detrimental issues of Sn metal batteries are discussed, including dead Sn formation, self-discharge, and electrolyte degradation, as well as strategies for mitigating these issues by constructing robust Sn anodes.

Recent Advances for Cation-Anion Aggregates in Solid Polymer Electrolytes: Mechanism, Strategies, and Applications.

Solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) have garnered significant attention from both academic and industrial communities due to their high safety feature and high energy density in combination with lithium(Li) metal anode. Nevertheless, their practical applications remain constrained by the relatively low room-temperature ionic conductivity and interface issues. Anion-derived cation-anion aggregates (AGGs), derived from high-concentration liquid electrolytes, promote a stable solid-electrolyte interphase layer, which have gradually propelled their application in SPEs.

Injectable Nanocomposite Hydrogels for Intervertebral Disc Degeneration: Combating Oxidative Stress, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, and Ferroptosis.

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a major cause of low back pain, where oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are key contributors. Additionally, ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of cell death, is identified as a critical mechanism in IVDD pathogenesis. Herein, the therapeutic potential of gallic acid (GA)-derived PGA-Cu nanoparticles, enhanced with functional octapeptide (Cys-Lys-His-Gly-d-Arg-d-Tyr-Lys-Phe, SS08) to build the mitochondria-targeted nanoparticles (PGA-Cu@SS08), and embedded within a hydrogel matrix to form a nanocomposite hydrogel, is explored.

The Psychobiological Toll of Chronic Conflict: Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms, Emotion Dysregulation, and Physiology in a Conflict-Exposed Community in South Sudan.

Background: Mass conflict and related displacement in South Sudan has created a significant mental health need, however extant research on the impact of conflict is limited among South Sudanese people and has predominantly relied on Western-developed self report measures.

Method: A total of 195 South Sudanese adults who work in both civil society and government leadership positions participated in a psychophysiological assessment of heart rate variability (HRV) and self-reported PTSD and emotion dysregulation symptoms to participation in the Trauma-Informed Community Empowerment (TICE) Framework, developed and implemented by the Global Trauma Project (GTP). We utilized measures of heart rate variability to determine parasympathetic activity, which may be associated with difficulties responding to stressors as well as long-term physical health morbidity and mortality.

Internal Validity and Reliability of the GAD-7 Test in Latin America.

Generalized anxiety has significantly increased in the general population during and after the COVID-19 pandemic, highlighting the need for rapid screening tools. In this context, the present study analyzed the psychometric properties and internal consistency of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7) in healthcare workers and the general population in Latin America. A cross-sectional e-health study was conducted, surveying 11,279 Latin Americans online using snowball sampling.

 and -two additional new species from the Neotropics (Peltigerales, Peltigeraceae).

Two additional species of are described as new to science based on material from Bolivia and Peru and supported by phylogenetic analysis of the fungal ITS barcoding marker. The two new species represent lineages within clade I on the global phylogeny. Ossowska, B.

Deep-blue emitting 9,10-bis(perfluorobenzyl)anthracene.

A new deep-blue emitting and highly fluorescent anthracene (ANTH) derivative containing perfluorobenzyl (Bn) groups, 9,10-ANTH(Bn), was synthesized in a single step reaction of ANTH or ANTH(Br) with BnI, using either a high-temperature Cu-/NaSO-promoted reaction or via a room-temperature photochemical reaction. Its structure was elucidated by NMR spectroscopy and single crystal X-ray diffractometry. The latter revealed no π-π interaction between neighboring ANTH cores.

Role of metal(ii) hexacyanocobaltate(iii) surface chemistry for prebiotic peptides synthesis.

Double metal cyanide (DMC), a heterogeneous catalyst, provides a surface for the polymerization of amino acids. Based on the hypothesis, the present study is designed to evaluate favorable environmental conditions for the chemical evolution and origin of life, such as the effects of temperature and time on the oligomerization of glycine and alanine on metal(ii) hexacyanocobaltate(iii), MHCCo. A series of MHCCo complexes were synthesized and characterized by XRD and FT-IR techniques.

Induction of translation-suppressive G3BP1 stress granules and interferon-signaling cGAS condensates by transfected plasmid DNA.

Plasmid DNA transfection is one of the fundamental tools of biomedical research. Here, we found that plasmid DNA transfection mediated by liposomes activates multiple innate immune responses in several widely used cell lines. Their activations were visible by detection of stress granules (SG) and cGAS-DNA condensates (cGC) in the transfected cells in a plasmid DNA dose-dependent manner.

Destigmatizing borderline personality disorder with social justice and intersectional cultural humility: How researchers can construct and deconstruct stigma.

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a serious psychiatric condition, especially stigmatized in women. Stigma is a social injustice, as it discredits and reduces the wholeness of a person to one of taint and discount. Psychological scientists play a uniquely powerful role in the stigmatization and destigmatization of BPD by constructing the meaning of BPD at each step of the research process.

Lecanemab for mild Alzheimer disease - is there a way forward?

This Editorial reviews data on the efficacy and adverse effects of lecanemab amongst individuals with mild Alzheimer disease. Additionally, the recent controversy regarding the rejection by the EMA of a marketing authorization request for lecanemab, followed by its subsequent approval, is also discussed. The need for thoughtful discussions regarding the risks and benefits of this medication as well as the importance of developing Appropriate Use Recommendations and/or national guidelines for the use of lecanemab are also highlighted.

Head CT Scan Motion Artifact Correction via Diffusion-Based Generative Models.

Head motion is a major source of image artifacts in head computed tomography (CT), degrading the image quality and impacting diagnosis. Image-domain-based motion correction is practical for routine use since it doesn't rely on hard-to-obtain CT projection data. However, existing convolutional neural network (CNN)-based methods tend to over-smooth images, particularly in cases of moderate to severe 3D motion artifacts.

KAN-EEG: towards replacing backbone-MLP for an effective seizure detection system.

The landscape of artificial intelligence (AI) research is witnessing a transformative shift with the emergence of the Kolmogorov-Arnold network (KAN), presenting a novel architectural paradigm aimed to redefine the structural foundations of AI models, which are based on multilayer perceptron (MLP). Through rigorous experimentation and evaluation, we introduce the KAN-electroencephalogram (EEG) model, a tailored design for efficient seizure detection. Our proposed network is tested and successfully generalized on three different datasets, one from the USA, one from Europe, and one from Oceania, recorded with different front-end hardware.

Collective escape waves provide a generic defence against different avian predators.

In many animal species, collective behaviours can be explained by a simple set of interaction rules. It is an intriguing question whether this generality at the level of mechanism also translates into generality at the level of function. Assuming that collective behaviour provides antipredator benefits for the partaking individuals, we ask whether the same collective behaviour provides protection against different predators in general.

Tricuspid Annuloplasty Using a Handmade Gore-Tex Band: A Retrospective Study, Case Series, and Literature Review.

Background Tricuspid valve regurgitation is frequently overlooked by cardiologists and cardiac surgeons alike; consequently, the tricuspid valve is often referred to as "the forgotten" valve. It is the most common complication of left heart valve disease. Ring annuloplasty and suture (De Vega) annuloplasty represent two common surgical treatment techniques.