Comparison of sentinel lymph node mapping patterns before and after surgical excision of mast cell tumors in dogs using indirect lymphography: A prospective clinical study.

Sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping has been shown to be important for staging in dogs with mast cell tumors (MCTs). Despite this, many patients are referred to an oncologist after surgical intervention has been carried out. It is unknown whether lymphatic drainage patterns are altered by surgery and whether postoperative SLN mapping can be reliably conducted.

Friction knot terminology is inconsistent in veterinary surgery.

The objective of this study was to determine the nomenclature for friction knots commonly used by veterinary surgeons. Veterinary surgeons certified by the American College of Veterinary Surgeons (ACVS) or the European College of Veterinary Surgeons (ECVS) were recruited through email listings available on the websites of veterinary schools and the ACVS to participate in a survey on this subject. Participation was also solicited through the ACVS Facebook page, the Society of Veterinary Soft Tissue Surgery, and the Veterinary Orthopedic Society.

Mallard Hybridization With Domesticated Lineages Alters Spring Migration Behavior and Timing.

Introgressive hybridization, the interbreeding and gene flow between different species, has become increasingly common in the Anthropocene, where human-induced ecological changes and the introduction of captively reared individuals are increasing secondary contact among closely related species, leading to gene flow between wild and domesticated lineages. As a result, domesticated-wild hybridization may potentially affect individual fitness, leading to maladaptive effects such as shifts in behavior or life-history decisions (e.g.

Current pathways model for hall thruster plumes in ground-based vacuum test facilities: measurements and observations.

A previous companion paper introduced a current pathways model that represents the electrical coupling between the Hall effect thruster (HET) and the ground-based vacuum test facility operational environment. In this work, we operated a 7-kW class HET at 4.5 kW, 15 A and 6 kW, 20 A on krypton to quantify aspects of the current pathways model to characterize the role metal vacuum chambers play in the thruster's discharge circuit as a function of discharge current.

Kupffer Cell-derived IL6 Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Metastasis Via the JAK1-ACAP4 Pathway.

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), which differentiate from tissue-resident macrophages, are recognized for their ability to influence cancer progression and metastasis. However, the specific role of Kupffer cells (KCs), the intrinsic macrophages of the liver, in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. In this study, we describe a novel mechanism by which exosomes derived from HCC cells induce KCs to transition into TAMs, thereby facilitating the metastasis of HCC in an IL6-JAK1-ACAP4 axis-dependent manner.

Persistence of Lithium Underutilization in Patients of African Ancestry with Bipolar Disorder.

Bipolar disorder is a chronic disease that imposes a lifelong burden on those that suffer from it. Lithium is still considered both gold standard treatment and first-line maintenance treatment, and access to treatment with lithium is paramount to improving patient outcomes. However, access to adequate treatment is not only contingent on symptom recognition, accurate diagnosis, and individualization of treatment, but also affected by racial and ethnic disparities at each stage of patient experience.

Plant and soil microbial composition legacies following indaziflam herbicide treatment.

Land stewards in dryland ecosystems across the western U.S. face challenges to manage the exotic grass (cheatgrass), which is a poor forage, is difficult to remove, and increases risk of catastrophic fire.

Contagion comeback: unravelling the measles outbreak across the USA.

Measles, a highly contagious respiratory illness caused by the measles virus (MeV), poses significant global and national public health challenges despite advancements in vaccination efforts. Though measles was declared eliminated in the United States in 2000, recent years have seen a resurgence of cases, particularly in under-vaccinated communities. This resurgence is compounded by factors such as vaccine hesitancy, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on immunization rates, and international travel introducing new cases from endemic regions.

Use of multi-modelling methods to inform conservation and reintroductions of pine marten in Britain.

The successful onset of recovery of the European pine marten () in some parts of Britain through range expansion and, more recently translocation for reintroductions, has resulted in a strong interest in reintroduction projects throughout the country. However, the geographic scope and conservation goals of these initiatives are often local and lack consideration of how they fit within the wider context of national-scale pine marten conservation. Here, we aim to maximize conservation benefit strategically at a national level by developing a simple, transparent, and transferable framework based on landscape modelling methods and spatially explicit population viability analyses.

Evaluation of the Ki-67 labeling index on immediate pre-ablation biopsies as a predictive biomarker of local recurrence of colorectal cancer liver metastases.

The aim of this study was to evaluate if the Ki-67 labeling index (LI) on immediate pre-ablation biopsies of colorectal liver metastases (CLM) is associated with the presence of viable tumor cells in subsequent ablation zone biopsies and/or local tumor progression-free survival (LTPFS). Biopsies of CLM were performed before and after microwave ablation (MWA), as part of a prospective clinical trial between October 2013 and May 2019. Pre-ablation biopsy slides were examined for the Ki-67 LI using light microscopy.

Accidental Synthetic Cannabinoid Poisoning in a Pediatric Patient: A Case Report.

A six-year-old boy presented to the pediatric emergency department following an accidental ingestion of a synthetic cannabinoid. The child ingested an edible product containing tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and presented with lethargy, altered mental status, and increased muscle tone. The airway was protected, and the patient was breathing spontaneously.

Intrinsic and Extrinsic Methods for Augmenting Fracture Healing in the Hand and Wrist.

This review examines intrinsic and extrinsic augmentation techniques for uniting hand and upper extremity fractures, including bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs), platelet-rich plasma (PRP), low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS), and pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF). While BMPs, PRP, LIPUS, and PEMF show potential in accelerating bone healing and reducing nonunion rates, their clinical adoption is limited by high costs and inconsistent results. This paper focuses on understanding the efficacy of these techniques, their drawbacks, and potential next steps for the field.

Comparison of Intraocular Lens Formulas in Patients With Postoperative Refractive Surprise.

Objective: This study investigates the refractive accuracy of eight intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation formulas in patients with postoperative refractive surprise after phacoemulsification. It aims to determine if a different formula could result in better refractive outcomes in these eyes.

Methods And Analysis: We retrospectively reviewed consecutive patients undergoing uncomplicated phacoemulsification as a sole procedure between March 2007 and September 2020 at the University of Washington by glaucoma subspecialists as part of a study investigating cataract surgery in normal eyes.

Cervical Spinal Epidural Abscess From Haemophilus influenzae in an Adult: A Case Report.

Pyogenic spinal infections due to  ()are rare. After a search of the literature, we deemed our case to be the first description of spinal epidural abscess (SEA) from . This is a 74-year-old female patient with a history of diabetes who presented to the emergency department with fever and persistent paracervical pain after being initially diagnosed with viral sinusitis two days prior.

Autoimmune Enteritis in an Adult With Psoriatic Arthritis, Successfully Treated With Glucocorticoids and Adalimumab.

Autoimmune enteritis (AIE) is a rare inflammatory condition with intractable diarrhea and malnutrition. Most cases are diagnosed during infancy, but rare adult-onset cases can occur. We present a male patient in his 60s with a history of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis on etanercept who developed refractory and intractable diarrhea and malnutrition.

The Black Esophagus: A Rare Case Presentation.

Acute esophageal necrosis (AEN), also known as black esophagus or Gurvits syndrome, is an uncommon endoscopic finding characterized by diffuse, circumferential, black discoloration of the esophagus that terminates at the gastroesophageal junction. The incidence of AEN has been reported to be 0-0.2% in autopsy series and up to 0.

Examining the Clinical Significance and Embryologic Development of Two Unique Cases of Renal Anatomy.

Two unique presentations of renal anatomy were observed during routine cadaveric dissection. The first case presented with an ectopic malrotated left kidney supplied by supernumerary renal arteries. This kidney was drained by a circumaortic renal vein and an inferior polar vein.

Systemic Medications and Their Ocular Side Effects.

Most of the drugs that we use in our everyday clinic cause ocular side effects or toxicity, depending on the drug duration and dose. Eye care physicians should be familiar with any possible ocular side effects linked to these medications, which could save the physicians' time to determine the diagnosis of the ocular irritation or toxicity. Not all medications are listed in this review, but we did go over the most common systemic medications based on our experience seeing patients in our everyday clinic.

The Use of Remote Learning Techniques for Pediatric Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Simulation Highlighting the Intersection Between Pediatric Advanced Life Support (PALS) and Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) Pathways.

Introduction: Medical simulation education has expanded in the remote learning sphere, providing educational opportunities to under-resourced areas and the ability to engage learners limited by time or geographic location. Pediatric resuscitation training has historically been in-person relying on Pediatric Advanced Life Support (PALS) algorithms, yet many pediatric providers are often faced with treating adult or adult-sized patients. Our goal was to develop a tele-simulation remote learning module highlighting possible diagnoses and scenarios that require adult treatment-minded approaches for the pediatric clinician, including the use of Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) algorithms.

Parenting Styles and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in the South Asian Population: A Narrative Review.

The relationship between cultural practices and mental health is particularly complex in diverse communities. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), a prevalent neurodevelopmental condition, remains underdiagnosed and untreated in South Asian populations, often due to persistent stigmas and systemic barriers. While global awareness of ADHD is increasing, research examining its connection with parenting styles in South Asian families is limited.

Dose-Response Effects of Exercise and Testosterone Replacement Therapy on Body Composition, Lean Mass, and Heart Rate Responses: A Case Report Using Wearable Technology.

The case report explores the effects of testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) on body composition, lean muscle mass, and fat mass, based on the dosage of TRT and exercise intensity in a 40-year-old male. The purpose of this case study was to evaluate the dose-response relationship of TRT and exercise on muscle hypertrophy and fat loss over an eight-month period, using a validated wrist-worn wearable fitness tracker to measure daily physical activity and heart rate (HR)-based exercise intensity. The patient, a trained male with 25 years of consistent exercise experience, reported notable declines in strength and increases in body fat despite maintaining a regular workout routine.

First clinical utility of sensing Ultrasound Localization Microscopy (sULM): identifying renal pseudotumors.

Renal pseudotumors, which mimic tumors on imaging, pose diagnostic challenges that can lead to unnecessary interventions. Sensing ultrasound localization microscopy (sULM) is an advanced imaging technique that uses ultrasound imaging and microbubbles as sensors to visualize kidney functional units. This study aims to investigate whether sULM could differentiate between renal pseudotumors and tumors based on the presence of glomeruli.

18F-5-fluoro-aminosuberic acid PET/CT imaging of oxidative-stress features during the formation of DEN-induced rat hepatocellular carcinoma.

The role of oxidative stress metabolism during hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) formation potentially allows for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of oxidative stress activity for early and precise HCC detection. However, there is currently limited data available on oxidative-stress-related PET imaging for longitudinal monitoring of the pathophysiological changes during HCC formation. This work aimed to explore PET-based longitudinal monitoring of oxidative stress metabolism and determine the sensitivity of [18F]-5-fluoroaminosuberic acid ([18F]FASu) for assessing pathophysiological processes in diethylnitrosamine (DEN) induced rat HCC.

Big data analytics and scRNA-seq in human aortic aneurysms and dissections: role of endothelial MerTK.

Aortic aneurysms and dissections (AAD) cause more than 10,000 deaths in the United States each year. However, there are no medications that can effectively prevent the pathogenesis of AAD. MER proto-oncogene tyrosine kinase (MerTK) is a key receptor for efferocytosis, a process for the clearance of apoptotic cells.

Tumor immunomodulation by nanoparticle and focused ultrasound alters gut microbiome in a sexually dimorphic manner.

Local immunomodulation with nanoparticles (NPs) and focused ultrasound (FUS) is recognized for triggering anti-tumor immunity. However, the impact of these tumor immunomodulations on sex-specific microbiome diversity at distant sites and their correlation with therapeutic effectiveness remains unknown. Here, we conducted local intratumoral therapy using immunogenic cell death-enhancing Calreticulin-Nanoparticles (CRT-NPs) and FUS in male and female mice.