High-risk pulmonary embolism in a post-operative patient.

Despite a rapidly evolving role for advanced therapeutic interventions, the majority of patients with high-risk pulmonary embolism (PE) are still undertreated. Due to complex diagnosis and management, along with a high associated mortality rate, high-risk PE offers an excellent opportunity for simulation training. We present a simulated case of high-risk PE in a post-operative patient that is designed to teach key principles of diagnosis and management.

From basic scientific research to the development of new drugs for pulmonary arterial hypertension: insights from activin-targeting agents.

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a severe disorder of the pulmonary vasculature leading to right ventricular failure. This pulmonary vascular remodelling leads to increased pulmonary vascular resistance and high pulmonary arterial pressures. Despite the development of new therapies, many patients continue to experience significant morbidity and mortality.

How physical activity opportunities seized by adolescents differ between Europe and the Pacific Islands: the example of France and New Caledonia.

Background: France (FR) and New Caledonia (NC) are both French territories, one in Western Europe, the other as part of the Pacific Island Countries and Territories (PICTs). Despite schooling in similar educational systems, FR and NC adolescents develop distinct relationships with physical activity, which is influenced by the geographical-cultural and symbolic structures of their respective societies. This study explored the distribution of physical activity according to geographical culture and opportunity-temporal dimensions.

Can an Acceptance and Commitment Therapy-Based Smartphone App Help Individuals with Mental Health Disorders Quit Smoking?

Background: Individuals with mental health disorders face major barriers in accessing smoking cessation care, often due to the stigmas associated with mental disorders and addiction. Consequently, accessible population-based smoking cessation interventions are needed for this vulnerable group.

Objective: This secondary analysis utilized data from a 12-month randomized trial to examine whether an acceptance and commitment therapy-based app (iCanQuit) demonstrated greater efficacy, engagement, and satisfaction compared to a United States (US) Clinical Practice Guidelines-based app (QuitGuide) in helping adults with mental health disorders quit smoking.

Predictors of postoperative complications following thyroidectomy: A systematic review.

Introduction: Thyroidectomy is considered a relatively safe procedure with a low risk of postoperative complications, making it challenging to identify predictors of complications to improve shared decision making. Recent advancements in clinical bioinformatics and surgical decision-making tools have the potential to improve patient outcomes. This systematic review aimed to assess the current understanding of factors predicting such complications following thyroidectomy.

Marital status shows no protective effect on perioperative outcomes after robotic-assisted pulmonary lobectomy.

Background: Marital status has been shown to have protective effects for married patients with various cancers. We sought to determine effects of marital status on perioperative outcomes after robotic-assisted pulmonary lobectomy (RAPL).

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 709 consecutive patients who underwent RAPL between 2010 and 2022 by one surgeon.

Co-development of a community pharmacy training regarding fentanyl and xylazine test strips.

Introduction: Fentanyl and xylazine test strips (FTS, XTS) are simple point-of-care tests that determine the presence of fentanyl or xylazine in a substance before use. Access to FTS and XTS is limited. For pharmacists who are willing to sell an FTS, there is little guidance about how to implement FTS sales and counseling as no training for community pharmacists regarding FTS and XTS exists.

Comparison of Glenoid Bone Loss After Unidirectional Versus Combined Shoulder Instability in a Military Population.

Background: While glenoid bone loss (GBL) after anterior shoulder instability correlates with poor functional outcomes, the specific effects of GBL in posterior and combined-type shoulder instability remain poorly characterized, especially in a high-risk military population.

Purpose/hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to compare GBL between unidirectional anterior or posterior instability versus combined-type instability in active-duty servicemembers. It was hypothesized that total GBL and GBL in the direction of instability would be greater in those with combined-type instability compared with unidirectional instability.

Frequency of Tommy John Surgery in NCAA Division I College Pitchers Versus Weather Conditions.

Background: Ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction (UCLR) is a common elbow procedure in baseball pitchers. Previous studies of Major League Baseball pitchers identified the weather as a potential risk factor, as warmer climates enable more annual playing time and increase overuse injury risks.

Purpose: To determine whether weather conditions play a role in UCLR rates and timing for National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I (D1) collegiate pitchers in the United States.

Arthroscopic Bone Grafting of Deep Acetabular Cysts in Hip Preservation Surgery: A Matched Case-Control Study.

Background: Acetabular subchondral cysts are commonly identified signs of joint degeneration and arthritis. This pathology is generally considered a relative contraindication for hip preservation surgery.

Purpose: To investigate the effect of arthroscopic bone grafting for the treatment of acetabular subchondral cysts.

Effects of aging on diurnal transcriptome change in the mouse corpus callosum.

The corpus callosum, a major white matter region central to cognitive function, is vulnerable to aging. Using zeitgeber time (ZT) aligned with environmental light/dark cycles, we investigated temporal gene expression patterns in the corpus callosum of young (5-month-old) and aged (24-month-old) mice using RNA-seq. Comparative analysis revealed more differentially expressed genes across ZT pairs in young mice than aged mice.

Germline predisposition in multiple myeloma.

We present a study of rare germline predisposition variants in 954 unrelated individuals with multiple myeloma (MM) and 82 MM families. Using a candidate gene approach, we identified such variants across all age groups in 9.1% of sporadic and 18% of familial cases.

Biodistribution of Polymeric Nanoparticles following in utero Delivery to a Nonhuman Primate.

Introduction: Monogenic diseases can be diagnosed before birth. Systemic fetal administration of nanoparticles (NPs) grants therapeutic access to developing stem cell populations impacted by these classes of disease. Delivery of editing reagents in these NPs administered before birth has yielded encouraging results in preclinical mouse models of monogenic diseases.

Exploring the association between emergency hospital services and homicide incidents in Pennsylvania.

Homicide is a significant measure of quality of life and serves as a reference point for a comparison between neighborhoods. Despite its unique relevance to homicide, the role of medical resources, specifically emergency hospital services, has been underexplored in the literature. This study addresses this gap by examining the relationship between emergency hospital availability and homicide rates across counties in Pennsylvania, using advanced spatiotemporal modeling techniques.

Children betrayed: The unseen victims of domestic violence and how law enforcement can better protect them.

Domestic violence is a commonplace and serious societal problem with vast public health and economic consequences. Childhood exposure to domestic violence can blight children's biological and social development. Often, local police departments are first responders to domestic violence.

A meta-analysis of the American college of surgeons risk calculator's predictive accuracy among different surgical sub-specialties.

Background: The American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS-NSQIP) provides risk estimates of postoperative complications. While several studies have examined the accuracy of the ACS-Surgical Risk Calculator (SRC) within a single specialty, the respective conclusions are limited by sample size. We sought to conduct a meta-analysis to determine the accuracy of the ACS-SRC among various surgical specialties.

Variation in approach for midsize (4-6cm) ventral hernias across a statewide quality improvement collaborative.

Introduction: Repair of midsize (4-6 cm) ventral hernias is challenging given lack of guidelines. Within this context, we sought to characterize surgical approach among patients undergoing repair of midsize ventral hernias within the only population-level, clinically-nuanced hernia registry in the US.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study of patients undergoing ventral hernia repair in the Michigan Surgical Quality Collaborative Core Optimization Hernia Registry (MSQC-COHR).

Donor hepatitis C status is not associated with an increased risk of acute rejection in kidney transplantation.

Introduction: In renal transplantation, donor hepatitis C virus (HCV) status is crucial to consider when selecting a recipient given the high likelihood of transmission. We analyzed the effect of donor HCV status on post-renal transplant rejection and virologic infectious outcomes using electronic health record data from multiple US health care organizations.

Methods: Using real world data from electronic health records of renal transplant recipients, a propensity score-matched case-control study of one-year renal transplant outcomes was conducted on cohorts of HCV-negative recipients who received an organ from an HCV-positive donor (HCV D+/R-) versus from an HCV-negative donor (HCV D-/R-).

Analysis of pathogenic variants in retinoblastoma reveals a potential gain of function mutation.

is a gene that codes for a tumour suppressor protein involved in various types of cancer. It was first described in retinoblastoma and is segregated as an autosomal dominant trait with high penetrance. In 1971, Knudson proposed his hypothesis of the two hits, where two mutational events are required to initiate tumour progression.

Exploring Goal Attainment Scaling Among Occupational Therapy Students: A Retrospective Descriptive Analysis.

This study explored the administration of goal attainment scaling (GAS) by entry-level occupational therapy (OT) students, examining their competency following minimal training. While GAS is valuable for measuring progress toward individualized client goals, its implementation requires specific skills and training that may challenge entry-level practitioners. Using retrospective data from a study of sensory garments' effects on children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), we analyzed GAS administration by five entry-level OT students.

Chronic calcified subdural hematoma masquerading as hemorrhagic extra-axial mass: A case report and brief review of the literature.

Calcified chronic subdural hematoma (CCSDH) is a rare condition characterized by the accumulation of calcified blood between the dura mater and arachnoid membrane, typically following remote trauma. These lesions often present as space-occupying, extra-axial masses over the cerebral convexity and can mimic extra-axial tumors, such as calcified meningiomas. A 73-year-old male with a history of prostate cancer, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia presented with vision changes and mild papilledema.

Primary breast osteosarcoma: A case report highlighting the importance of radiologic-pathologic correlation.

Osteosarcoma of primary breast origin is a rare form of malignancy. Imaging findings are nonspecific and often overlap with other differential considerations reinforcing the importance of radiologic-pathologic correlation for an accurate diagnosis. This case report details the clinical presentation, imaging findings, histopathological features, and therapeutic approach that transpired to diagnose and treat this rare malignancy.

A rare case of extrapelvic endometriosis in the right sciatic notch.

Endometriosis is described as the proliferation of endometrial tissue outside of the uterus. This most frequently occurs within the pelvis and is a common cause of chronic pelvic pain in women of reproductive age. Rarely, endometriosis can manifest outside of the pelvis and can uncommonly involve the musculoskeletal and peripheral nervous systems.

Arabidopsis 3-Deoxy-d--Heptulosonate 7-Phosphate (DAHP) Synthases of the Shikimate Pathway Display Both Manganese- and Cobalt-Dependent Activities.

The plant shikimate pathway directs a significant portion of photosynthetically assimilated carbon into the downstream biosynthetic pathways of aromatic amino acids (AAA) and aromatic natural products. 3-Deoxy-d--heptulosonate 7-phosphate (DAHP) synthase (hereafter DHS) catalyzes the first step of the shikimate pathway, playing a critical role in controlling the carbon flux from central carbon metabolism into the AAA biosynthesis. Previous biochemical studies suggested the presence of manganese- and cobalt-dependent DHS enzymes (DHS-Mn and DHS-Co, respectively) in various plant species.

Gene model for the ortholog of in .

Gene model for the ortholog of glycogen synthase ( ) in the May 2017 (Princeton ASM75419v2/DsimGB2) Genome Assembly (GenBank Accession: GCA_000754195.3 ). This ortholog was characterized as part of a developing dataset to study the evolution of the Insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling pathway (IIS) across the genus using the Genomics Education Partnership gene annotation protocol for Course-based Undergraduate Research Experiences.