Quality of Life in Patients With Acquired Anophthalmia Using an Ocular Prosthesis.

Purpose: To employ a validated survey for evaluation of quality of life (QoL) outcomes and associated factors in a US cohort of adult patients with acquired anophthalmia wearing a prosthesis.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed at a single, US academic institution of patients cared for between 2012 and 2021. The electronic medical record database was queried for adult patients with a history of evisceration or enucleation surgery and placement of an orbital implant.

Enhancing Caseworker Job Satisfaction Through Empowerment: An Innovative Tool for Employee Retention.

Child welfare caseworkers typically have high turnover rates, and little is known about how to increase their job satisfaction. Utilizing structural equation modeling, this study investigates the connections between empowerment, leadership, learning culture, physical environment, and job satisfaction among social workers in child welfare organizations. We employ a dataset from a comprehensive organizational health assessment survey of 2801 individuals to analyze the direct and indirect effects of empowerment variables on job satisfaction, as well as the influence of leadership, learning culture, and the caseworkers' physical environment.

Variability of Psoriatic Arthritis Impact of Disease questionnaire (PsAID12) thresholds in psoriatic arthritis: data from the ReFlaP study.

Objectives: To explore thresholds for the Psoriatic Arthritis (PsA) Impact of Disease questionnaire (PsAID12) score against disease activity measures in an observational setting, in patients with PsA.

Methods: The baseline data from the ReFlaP observational, prospective, multicentre and international study was used (NCT03119805). Cutoffs for PsAID12 were determined against disease activity scores, defining disease impact states (ie remission, low impact, moderate impact and high impact).

Childbirth after cancer among 42,896 male adolescents and young adults: a population-based study.

Background: Few studies have examined childbirth and adverse perinatal outcomes among male adolescents and young adults with cancer (AYAs, diagnosed at age 15-39 years). We conducted a population-based assessment of these outcomes in a large, diverse sample.

Methods: Male AYAs diagnosed between January 1, 1995 and December 31, 2015 were identified using the Texas Cancer Registry and linked to live birth certificates and the Texas Birth Defects Registry through December 31, 2016.

Integration of the rat liver micronucleus assay into a 28-day treatment protocol: testing the genotoxicity of four small-molecule nitrosamines with different carcinogenic potencies and tumor target specificities.

Several potent carcinogenic nitrosamines, including N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) and N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), induce micronuclei in the micronucleated hepatocyte (MNHEP) assay but not in the micronucleated reticulocyte (MNRET) assay. However, the MNHEP assay is not as frequently used as the MNRET assay for evaluating in vivo genotoxicity. The present study evaluated MN formation in the liver of Big Blue transgenic rats exposed to four small-molecule nitrosamines, NDMA, N-nitrosodiisopropylamine (NDIPA), N-nitrosoethylisoporpylamine (NEIPA), and N-nitrosomethylphenylamine (NMPA), using a repeat-dose protocol typically used for in vivo mutagenicity studies.

Impact of obtaining prescriptions upon discharge on hospital readmissions in a large healthcare system.

Disclaimer: In an effort to expedite the publication of articles, AJHP is posting manuscripts online as soon as possible after acceptance. Accepted manuscripts have been peer-reviewed and copyedited, but are posted online before technical formatting and author proofing. These manuscripts are not the final version of record and will be replaced with the final article (formatted per AJHP style and proofed by the authors) at a later time.

Impact of 24-hour pharmacy call response on time to antibiotics in open fractures.

Disclaimer: In an effort to expedite the publication of articles, AJHP is posting manuscripts online as soon as possible after acceptance. Accepted manuscripts have been peer-reviewed and copyedited, but are posted online before technical formatting and author proofing. These manuscripts are not the final version of record and will be replaced with the final article (formatted per AJHP style and proofed by the authors) at a later time.

Total wrist arthrodesis in patients with advanced osteoarthritis: current implants and outcomes.

Total wrist arthrodesis can be used to treat symptomatic end-stage wrist osteoarthritis after failed conservative treatment. It can also be considered the last-resort option when partial fusion, proximal row carpectomy, denervation or prosthetic arthroplasty is unsuccessful. Currently anatomic pre-contoured low-profile plates with angle stable screws are available with or without inclusion of the carpometacarpal joints.

Correction: The roles of 4f- and 5f-orbitals in bonding: a magnetochemical, crystal field, density functional theory, and multi-reference wavefunction study.

Correction for 'The roles of 4f- and 5f-orbitals in bonding: a magnetochemical, crystal field, density functional theory, and multi-reference wavefunction study' by W. W. Lukens , , 2016, , 11508-11521, https://doi.

Pseudomonas syringae lytic transglycosylase HrpH interacts with host ubiquitin ligase ATL2 to modulate plant immunity.

Pseudomonas syringae deploys a type III secretion system (T3SS) to deliver effector proteins to facilitate infection of plant cells; however, little is known about the direct interactions between T3SS components and plants. Here, we show that the specialized lytic transglycosylase (SLT) domain of P. syringae pv.

Single-nucleus and spatial landscape of the sub-ventricular zone in human glioblastoma.

The sub-ventricular zone (SVZ) is the most well-characterized neurogenic area in the mammalian brain. We previously showed that in 65% of patients with glioblastoma (GBM), the SVZ is a reservoir of cancer stem-like cells that contribute to treatment resistance and the emergence of recurrence. Here, we build a single-nucleus RNA-sequencing-based microenvironment landscape of the tumor mass and the SVZ of 15 patients and two histologically normal SVZ samples as controls.

Catecholaminergic dysfunction drives postural and locomotor deficits in a mouse model of spinal muscular atrophy.

Development and maintenance of posture is essential behavior for overground mammalian locomotion. Dopamine and noradrenaline strongly influence locomotion, and their dysregulation initiates the development of motor impairments linked to neurodegenerative disease. However, the precise cellular and circuit mechanisms are not well defined.

Defective removal of invariant chain peptides from MHC class II suppresses tumor antigen presentation and promotes tumor growth.

Tumor-draining lymph node dendritic cells (DCs) are poor stimulators of tumor antigen-specific CD4 T cells; however, the mechanism behind this defect is unclear. We now show that, in tumor-draining lymph node DCs, a large proportion of major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC-II) molecules retains the class II-associated invariant chain peptide (CLIP) fragment of the invariant chain bound to the MHC-II peptide binding groove due to reduced expression of the peptide editor H2-M and enhanced activity of the CLIP-generating proteinase cathepsin S. The net effect of this is that MHC-II molecules are unable to efficiently bind antigenic peptides.

Laparoscopic Warshaw Procedure for Solid Pseudopapillary Neoplasms in Children.

Background: Solid pseudopapillary neoplasms (SPNs) arising in the body or tail of the pancreas can be amenable to laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy with or without concomitant splenectomy. The purpose of this study was to evaluate laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy for SPN using the Warshaw technique as a means to preserve spleens in children.

Methods: We reviewed our database of SPN patients 19 years and younger (January 2006-December 2023).

A European Survey to Identify Challenges in the Management of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease.

Background And Aims: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and its more severe subtype, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), are highly prevalent and strongly associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). This study sought to identify challenges to the diagnosis, treatment and management of people living with MASLD and MASH and understand the key barriers to adopting relevant clinical guidelines.

Methods: A real-world, cross-sectional study (BARRIERS-MASLD) consisting of a quantitative survey and qualitative interviews of physicians in France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom was conducted from March to September 2023.

RASGRP1 Deficiency Associated with Diffuse Mesangial Sclerosis Infantile Nephrotic Syndrome and Epstein-Barr Virus-Induced Hodgkin's Lymphoma.

: RAS guanyl-releasing protein 1 (RASGRP1) deficiency is characterized by immune dysregulation and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-related lymphoproliferation. Diffuse mesangial sclerosis is one of the infrequent causes of infantile nephrotic syndrome. : Here, we described a 7-year-old girl who was diagnosed with diffuse mesangial sclerosis at 5 months old and subsequently developed chronic bilateral neck swelling at the age of 3 years.

Symbolic dynamics of joint brain states during dyadic coordination.

We propose a novel approach to investigate the brain mechanisms that support coordination of behavior between individuals. Brain states in single individuals defined by the patterns of functional connectivity between brain regions are used to create joint symbolic representations of brain states in two or more individuals to investigate symbolic dynamics that are related to interactive behaviors. We apply this approach to electroencephalographic data from pairs of subjects engaged in two different modes of finger-tapping coordination tasks (synchronization and syncopation) under different interaction conditions (uncoupled, leader-follower, and mutual) to explore the neural mechanisms of multi-person motor coordination.

Koopman learning with episodic memory.

Koopman operator theory has found significant success in learning models of complex, real-world dynamical systems, enabling prediction and control. The greater interpretability and lower computational costs of these models, compared to traditional machine learning methodologies, make Koopman learning an especially appealing approach. Despite this, little work has been performed on endowing Koopman learning with the ability to leverage its own failures.

Wavebreakers in excitable systems and possible applications for corrosion mitigation.

Traveling waves of excitation arise from the spatial coupling of local nonlinear events by transport processes. In corrosion systems, these electro-dissolution waves relay local perturbations across large portions of the metal surface, significantly amplifying overall damage. For the example of the magnesium alloy AZ31B exposed to sodium chloride solution, we report experimental results suggesting the existence of a vulnerable zone in the wake of corrosion waves where local perturbations can induce a unidirectional wave pulse or segment.

Lung Cancer Screening in the Incarcerated Population Through a Community Imaging Partnership.

Limited data exist on cancer screening in carceral facilities. This study evaluates the feasibility and outcomes of a population-based lung cancer screening initiative in a carceral setting. This is a retrospective review of a lung cancer screening event at the Rhode Island Department of Corrections.

Effect of sign language learning on temporal resolution of visual attention.

The visual environment of sign language users is markedly distinct in its spatiotemporal parameters compared to that of non-signers. Although the importance of temporal and spectral resolution in the auditory modality for language development is well established, the spectrotemporal parameters of visual attention necessary for sign language comprehension remain less understood. This study investigates visual temporal resolution in learners of American Sign Language (ASL) at various stages of acquisition to determine how experience with sign language affects perceptual sampling.

Benchmarking the speed-accuracy tradeoff in object recognition by humans and neural networks.

Active object recognition, fundamental to tasks like reading and driving, relies on the ability to make time-sensitive decisions. People exhibit a flexible tradeoff between speed and accuracy, a crucial human skill. However, current computational models struggle to incorporate time.

Improving the reliability and accuracy of population receptive field measures using a logarithmically warped stimulus.

The population receptive field (pRF) method, which measures the region in visual space that elicits a blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) signal in a voxel in retinotopic cortex, is a powerful tool for investigating the functional organization of human visual cortex with fMRI (Dumoulin & Wandell, 2008). However, recent work has shown that pRF estimates for early retinotopic visual areas can be biased and unreliable, especially for voxels representing the fovea. Here, we show that a log-bar stimulus that is logarithmically warped along the eccentricity dimension produces more reliable estimates of pRF size and location than the traditional moving bar stimulus.