Tobacco treatment and policies in mental health and substance use treatment facilities in the US.

Background: The prevalence of tobacco use among people with mental health and substance use disorders in the US is high. State- and facility-level factors could be associated with the provision of tobacco treatment and tobacco-free grounds policy in mental health and substance use treatment facilities. We estimated the latest prevalence of, and factors associated with tobacco treatment provision and tobacco-free grounds policies in these facilities.

Overdose and overwork: First responder burnout and mental health help-seeking in Missouri's overdose crisis.

As the overdose crisis continues to spiral, high volume and intensity of drug poisoning calls are impacting first responders' mental health. This study examined burnout and attitudes towards mental health help-seeking among first responders in Missouri. The study included 3059 participants, of which 76.

People entering opioid substance use treatment have low rates of naloxone knowledge and possession.

Background And Aims: Deaths from opioid overdose are increasing in the United States (US) and distribution of the opioid antagonist naloxone is one key strategy to reduce mortality. In this cross-sectional survey, we assess the association of high-risk behaviors with possession of naloxone and knowledge of where to find it.

Setting And Participants: 5663 adults entering treatment for opioid use disorder at facilities throughout the US during the calendar year 2022 were surveyed.

Abdominal myosteatosis is associated with lower processing speed in a multiethnic cohort of older adults.

Background: Prior research linking myosteatosis with cognition in older adults has been conducted in relatively homogenous populations with narrow age ranges. We evaluated if abdominal myosteatosis was associated with processing speed in a multiethnic cohort of middle aged and older adults.

Methods: The sample included 1,268 adults (46-86 years-old, mean 63±9 years, 53 % female, 41 % White, 20 % Black, 14 % Chinese, and 25 % Hispanic), a subset from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.

Electrosynthesis of molybdenum carbide-doped epitope-imprinted conductive polymers for the determination of soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 with a field effect transistor platform.

In this work, several peptides of soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (sST2) were screened, synthesized, and then imprinted with electropolymerization onto poly(aniline-co-3-aminobenzenesulfonic acid), poly(AN-co-MSAN). Three MXenes, including titanium or molybdenum carbides, were also doped within the conductive polymer film to enhance the electrochemical response. The electrodes were employed as the extended gate in a field-effect transistor (EG-FET) platform.

Psychological resilience to trauma and longitudinal sleep outcomes among current and former nurses.

Objective: A life-disrupting stressor (e.g. pandemic) may cause or exacerbate poor sleep health; resilience may offset impacts.

Discordance analyses comparing LDL cholesterol, Non-HDL cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B for cardiovascular risk estimation.

For decades, studies have tried to identify the cholesterol marker that best reflects risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease(ASCVD). Comparing low-density-lipoprotein(LDL) cholesterol, non-high-density-lipoprotein(non-HDL) cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B(apoB) as ASCVD risk markers has been challenged by high correlation between them. Thus, discordance analyses, directly addressing disagreements between the cholesterol markers, have emerged.

Cost-Effectiveness of 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Among Adults in the Philippines.

Objectives: The Philippine National Immunization Program guidelines recommend using the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23) among senior citizens. We conducted cost-effectiveness analyses to assess the impact of replacing 2-dose PPV23 with PCV13 in all adults aged ≥60 years and expanding the recommendation to include PCV13 for adults aged 18 to 59 years at elevated risk of disease (moderate-/high-risk).

Methods: Lifetime risks and costs of invasive pneumococcal disease, nonbacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia (NBPP), and expected impact of vaccination were projected using a probabilistic cohort model.

A non-inferiority analysis of surgical outcomes following outpatient laminoplasty for cervical spondylosis.

Objective: A trend of outpatient spinal procedures has recently been observed due to evidence of less hospital-associated risks and better value-based care. We aimed to assess non-inferiority in surgical outcomes of outpatient and inpatient laminoplasty for cervical spondylosis.

Methods: The American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database was queried for patients undergoing cervical laminoplasty for spinal spondylosis.

Assessing presence of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in the Indian River Lagoon: A Bayesian approach to understanding the impact of environmental stressors.

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are persistent environmental pollutants, and their presence in aquatic environments, especially coastal waters, poses significant ecological and human health risks. This study investigates the occurrence and behavior of four PFAS compounds in the Indian River Lagoon, a biodiverse estuarine ecosystem located in Florida USA, by evaluating how ecological and hydroclimatic factors influence PFAS occurrence. A Bayesian Logistic Regression Model (BLRM) was employed to quantify the relationships between environmental stressors such as salinity, precipitation, river discharge, water temperature, and pH, and the presence of these PFAS compounds.

Attitudes toward and experience with naloxone among people who use drugs in the Southeastern United States.

Background: The opioid epidemic presses on as a significant public health issue in the U.S., with particularly high overdose death rates in the Southeast.

Plant polyphenols in gastric cancer: Nature's healing touch.

Globally, gastric cancer ranks as the fifth most common cancer and is the third most common cause of malignancy-associated mortality. Although surgery is the primary treatment option for gastric cancer, adjuvant chemotherapy improves survival in patients following surgery. Proverbially, plant polyphenols have many beneficial health effects, including anticancer properties.

Serotonergic antidepressants are associated with increased acute bleeding events following femur fracture fixation: A nationwide matched cohort analysis of 5,477 patients.

Introduction: Serotonergic antidepressants, including both selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) have been linked to adverse outcomes following orthopedic procedures. This study aims to evaluate the impact of SSRIs/SNRIs on outcomes in patients following operative fixation of the femur. We hypothesized that perioperative use of SSRIs would be associated with worse outcomes post-surgery.

A machine learning approach using gait parameters to cluster TKA subjects into stable and unstable joints for discovery analysis.

Background: Patient-reported joint instability after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is difficult to quantify objectively. Here, we apply machine learning to cluster TKA subjects using nine literature-proposed gait parameters as knee instability predictors and explore cluster reliability and consistency with self-organizing map (SOM) and k-means computation.

Methods: Subjects with TKA were retrieved from a data repository, supplemented by TKA patients with self-reported knee instability.

The protective role of school connectedness in the relationship between child maltreatment and internalizing symptoms for White, Black, Latino/Hispanic, and multiracial youth.

Background: Child maltreatment is a public health concern associated with increased youth internalizing symptoms. School connectedness has been shown to play a protective role in the relationship between child maltreatment and externalizing symptoms; yet, its protective role on internalizing symptoms for youth in different racial/ethnic subgroups remains underexplored.

Objective: This study aimed to examine whether school connectedness buffers the effect of child maltreatment on internalizing symptoms for White, Black, Latino/Hispanic, and multiracial youth.

Effects of dietary supplementation with a polyherbal based product on sporozoites viability and on growth performance, lesion score, gut permeability, oocyst shedding count, tight junction, pro-inflammatory cytokine, and antioxidant enzyme in broiler chickens challenged with Eimeria spp.

Two in vivo and in vitro studies were conducted to investigate the effects of supplementation of a natural polyherbal mixture (PHM) manufactured from selected herbs in broiler chickens challenged with coccidiosis. For the in vitro trial, E. tenella and E.

MRI-based cortical gray/white matter contrast in young adults who endorse psychotic experiences or are at genetic risk for psychosis.

Research has reported group-level differences in cortical grey/white matter contrast (GWC) in individuals with psychotic disorders. However, no studies to date have explored GWC in individuals at elevated risk for psychosis. In this study, we examined brain microstructure differences between young adults with psychotic-like experiences or a high genetic risk for psychosis and unaffected individuals.

Feasibility of cohort event monitoring and assessment of reactogenicity and adverse events among a cohort of AstraZeneca and Moderna COVID-19 vaccine recipients in Nigeria, 2021.

Background: To generate COVID-19 vaccine safety data in Nigeria, passive reporting was supplemented with cohort event monitoring (CEM), an active surveillance system. We described reactogenicity within 7 days and adverse events up to 3 months after each AstraZeneca or Moderna COVID-19 vaccine dose while assessing the feasibility of implementing CEM in a low- to middle-income country (LMIC) during a mass vaccination campaign.

Methods: Participants were aged ≥18 years with access to mobile phones who received the first dose of an authorized COVID-19 vaccine from participating health facilities in 6 states of Nigeria during September and October 2021.

Developmental timing of adversity and neural network organization: An fNIRS study of the impact of refugee displacement.

This study investigated the neurodevelopmental impacts of displacement on resettled Syrian refugee children in Canada, focusing on how the timing and duration of adversity experienced during displacement influence neural network organization. Using graph theoretical approaches within a network neuroscience framework, we examined how the developmental timing of displacement (age of displacement, duration of displacement) related to functional integration, segregation, and small-worldness. Syrian refugee children (n = 61, M=14 Range = 8-18), completed a resting state scan using functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) neuroimaging.

Drop jump vertical kinetics identify male youth soccer players at greater risk of non-contact knee injury.

Objectives: To determine associations between drop-jump vertical kinetics and acute non-contact knee injury-risk in male youth soccer players.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Setting: Professional soccer academies.

PolyCrit: An Online Collaborative Platform for Polymer Characterization.

Polymer liquid chromatography at critical conditions (LCCC) is a chromatographic separation condition achieved by carefully balancing the interaction of a polymer with stationary and mobile phases to make the elution time of a polymer in chromatography independent of its molecular weight. By removing the dependence of elution time on polymer molecular weight, the LCCC then allows separation of polymer samples on the basis of secondary differences, such as topology, branching, and end-group functionality, that are otherwise difficult to resolve. Despite its potential, LCCC remains under-employed due to the complexity of its optimization and the scattered nature of existing data.

Ovarian expression of functional MTTP and apoB for VLDL assembly and secretion in chickens.

In mammals, tissues other than liver and intestine are known to possess functional MTTP (microsomal triglyceride transfer protein) and apoB (apolipoprotein B) capable of VLDL (very low-density lipoprotein) assembly. Birds are oviparous and possess unique capabilities in lipid biology to accommodate yolk formation through massive deposition of hepatically assembled yolk-targeted VLDLy into ovarian follicles. Following identifications of MTTP and ApoB expression within chicken ovarian stroma, granulosa, theca, and epithelial cells of various classes of follicles, we sought to define the functionality of ovarian MTTP and ApoB in VLDL assembly.

Symposium: Essentials of scientific writing for publications.

Manuscript writing is an essential process in research; it is the vehicle through which knowledge dissemination occurs from experimental findings. This manuscript aims to equip students, researchers, and professionals alike with the necessary skills and insights for publishing in scientific journals. Each section of a scientific paper is discussed: abstract, introduction, materials and methods, results, discussion, and conclusion, along with advice on the order by which these are written.

Thermal Inactivation of Salmonella Surrogate, Enterococcus faecium, in mash broiler feed pelleted in a university pilot feed mill: Microbiology and Food Safety Section.

This study evaluated the thermal inactivation kinetic parameters of a Salmonella surrogate Enterococcus faecium (E. faecium) during feed manufacture in a university pilot feed mill setting. A batch of 227 kg mash broiler feed was pelleted after being inoculated with 1,000 mL of nalidixic acid (NaL) resistant E.