The effect of caregiver opinion leaders to increase demand for evidence-based practices for youth anxiety: A cluster randomized controlled trial.

Background: Dissemination initiatives have the potential to increase consumer knowledge of and engagement with evidence-based treatments (e.g., cognitive behavioral therapy [CBT]).

ping the Perturb-Atlas.

A key objective of the research in the postgenomic era is to decipher the functions of the mammalian genome, which has remained largely enigmatic despite intensive efforts in the functional genomics field over the past two decades. To attack this problem, we have combined the CRISPR-Cas and Cre-Lox technologies to develop iMAP (inducible Mosaic Animal for Perturbation), a transformative tool for rapidly unraveling mammalian genome function . Furthermore, we have used iMAP to rapidly construct a "Perturb-Atlas" profiling the functions of 90 protein-coding genes across 39 tissues in mice, which has offered rich insights into gene functions difficult to readily obtain using conventional mouse gene-targeting models.

Endothelial and smooth muscle cell interaction with hydrothermally treated titanium surfaces.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain the leading cause of death worldwide, and the most common form is coronary artery disease (CAD). Treatment options include coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) or percutaneous heart intervention (PCI), but both have drawbacks. Bare metal stents (BMS) are commonly used to treat CAD; however, they lead to restenosis.

Model construction and clinical therapeutic potential of engineered cardiac organoids for cardiovascular diseases.

Cardiovascular diseases cause significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Engineered cardiac organoids are being developed and used to replicate cardiac tissues supporting cardiac morphogenesis and development. These organoids have applications in drug screening, cardiac disease models and regenerative medicine.

Future perspectives: advances in bone/cartilage organoid technology and clinical potential.

Bone and cartilage tissues are essential for movement and structure, yet diseases like osteoarthritis affect millions. Traditional therapies have limitations, necessitating innovative approaches. Organoid technology, leveraging stem cells' regenerative potential, offers a novel platform for disease modelling and therapy.

Revolutionising oral organoids with artificial intelligence.

The convergence of organoid technology and artificial intelligence (AI) is poised to revolutionise oral healthcare. Organoids - three-dimensional structures derived from human tissues - offer invaluable insights into the complex biology of diseases, allowing researchers to effectively study disease mechanisms and test therapeutic interventions in environments that closely mimic in vivo conditions. In this review, we first present the historical development of organoids and delve into the current types of oral organoids, focusing on their use in disease models, regeneration and microbiome intervention.

A Novel Approach to the Management of an Intra-abdominal Abscess: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Exploratory laparotomies for blunt or penetrating trauma often result in significant morbidity. Despite advancements in resuscitation, surgical techniques, and antibiotics, intra-abdominal abscesses remain a serious complication, contributing to poor outcomes and extended hospital stays. Percutaneous computed tomography-guided drainage is the standard treatment for abscesses, offering high success rates and low morbidity.

Comparing the Efficacy of a Unique Advanced Bioengineered Type-I Collagen-Based Skin Substitute Versus an Amnion Graft With Standard of Care in the Treatment of Non-healing Diabetic Foot Ulcers: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

The increased cost and morbidity associated with diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) place a substantial strain on the entire global healthcare system. In this trial, 24 subjects with a chronic DFU, Wagner grade 1 (University of Texas grade 1A), were treated with Standard of Care (SOC) therapy and randomized, one-half to receive advanced high-purity Type-I collagen-based skin substitute (HPTC; manufactured by Encoll Corp., Fremont, CA, USA), and the other half to receive a dehydrated human amnion/chorion membrane (dHACM) or viable cryopreserved human placental membrane (vCHPM).

: active learning in neutron reflectometry for fast data acquisition.

Neutron reflectometry (NR) is a powerful technique for interrogating the structure of thin films at interfaces. Because NR measurements are slow and instrument availability is limited, measurement efficiency is paramount. One approach to improving measurement efficiency is active learning (AL), in which the next measurement configurations are selected on the basis of information gained from the partial data collected so far.

Assessing the cortical microstructure in contralesional sensorimotor areas after stroke.

Cortical thickness analyses have provided valuable insights into changes in cortical brain structure after stroke and their association with recovery. Across studies though, relationships between cortical structure and function show inconsistent results. Recent developments in diffusion-weighted imaging of the cortex have paved the way to uncover hidden aspects of stroke-related alterations in cortical microstructure, going beyond cortical thickness as a surrogate for cortical macrostructure.

Fiddler Crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda: Ocypodidae) From Coastal Ecuador and the Galápagos Islands: Species Descriptions and DNA Barcodes.

Neotropical regions near the equator are recognized as speciation "hot spots" reflecting their abundant biodiversity. In western South America, the coasts of Panama, Colombia, Ecuador, the Galápagos Archipelago, and northern Peru form the Tropical Eastern Pacific biome. This area has the greatest heterogeneity of sympatric fiddler crab species of any portion of the planet.

Does Differential Habitat Selection Facilitate Coexistence Between Badgers and Hedgehogs?

Predicting the spatial and temporal responses of species exhibiting intraguild predation (IGP) relationships is difficult due to variation in potential interactions and environmental context. Eurasian badgers () are intraguild predators of European hedgehogs () and are implicated in their population decline via both direct predation and competition for shared food resources. Previous studies have shown spatial separation between these species and attributed this to hedgehogs experiencing a 'landscape of fear', but little is known about the potential role of differential habitat use.

Spatio-Temporal Patterns of Hybridization in an Alloploid Salamander (Ambystomatidae: ) and Conservation Implications of Introgression in a Unisexual Vertebrate.

Maynard Smith's proposed two-fold cost of sex states that one of the disadvantages of clonal reproduction is the decreased ability to persist in dynamic ecosystems. However, the long-term persistence of some clonal alloploid lineages suggests that these lineages may not always be so ephemeral in nature. Understanding the stability of these lineages over time can inform our understanding of the advantages of an asexual mode of life.

Coxiellosis in Dogs-A Hitherto Masked Zoonosis in India: An Insight From Seromolecular Investigation and Risk Factor Analysis.

is an airborne bacterial zoonotic pathogen that causes Q fever/coxiellosis in humans and animals. Although dogs are suspected of transmitting Q fever to humans in past outbreaks, the prevalence of in the Indian dog population and risk factors for infection remain unknown. In this study, 452 dogs from pet clinics in three Indian states were screened for coxiellosis using molecular (Trans-PCR, Com 1-PCR) and serological (IFAT) tests.

Impacts of condensable particulate matter on atmospheric organic aerosols and fine particulate matter (PM) in China.

Condensable particulate matter (CPM) emitted from stationary combustion and mobile sources exhibits high emissions and a large proportion of organic components. However, CPM is not generally measured when conducting emission surveys of PM in most countries, including China. Consequently, previous emission inventories have not included emission rates for CPM.

Cortical Spheroid Model for Studying the Effects of Ischemic Brain Injury.

Purpose: Ischemic brain injury occurs when there is reduced or complete disruption of blood flow to a brain region, such as in stroke or severe traumatic brain injury. Even short interruptions can lead to devastating effects including excitotoxicity and widespread cell death. Despite many decades of research, there are still very few therapeutic options for patients suffering from brain ischemia.

Correction: In situ 3D spatiotemporal measurement of soluble biomarkers in spheroid culture.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1007/s44164-022-00037-6.].

The complex landscape of immune dysregulation in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children with COVID-19.

The immune responses following SARS-CoV-2 infection in children are still under investigation. While coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is usually mild in the paediatric population, some children develop severe clinical manifestations or multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) after infection. MIS-C, typically emerging 2-6 weeks after SARS-CoV-2 exposure, is characterized by a hyperinflammatory response affecting multiple organs.

Comparative dissection of transcriptional landscapes of human iPSC-NK differentiation and NK cell development.

Clinical and preclinical research has demonstrated that iPSC-derived NK (iNK) cells have a high therapeutic potential, yet poor understanding of the detailed process of their differentiation and their counterpart cell development has hindered therapeutic iNK cell production and engineering. Here we dissect the crucial differentiation of both fetal liver NK cells and iNK cells to enable the rational design of advanced iNK production protocols. We use a comparative analysis of single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) to pinpoint key factors lacking in the induced setting which we hypothesized would hinder iNK differentiation and/ or functionality.

Cell surface protein-protein interaction profiling for biological network analysis and novel target discovery.

The secretome is composed of cell surface membrane proteins and extracellular secreted proteins that are synthesized via secretory machinery, accounting for approximately one-third of human protein-encoding genes and playing central roles in cellular communication with the external environment. Secretome protein-protein interactions (SPPIs) mediate cell proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation, as well as stimulus- or cell-specific responses that regulate a diverse range of biological processes. Aberrant SPPIs are associated with diseases including cancer, immune disorders, and illness caused by infectious pathogens.

Safety and efficacy of selective RIPK1 inhibitor SIR1-365 in hospitalized patients with severe COVID-19: A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, phase 1b trial.

Background: Receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1), a serine/threonine protein kinase, is mainly activated by pro-inflammatory cytokines and pathogens, including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and its activation could result in apoptosis, necroptosis, or inflammation. This study was conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a potent and selective inhibitor of RIPK1, SIR1-365, in hospitalized patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Methods: This multicenter, randomized, double-blind, phase 1b study screened patients from December 18, 2020 until November 27, 2021.

Previous treatment with anthracycline does not affect the course of sepsis in cancer patients: Retrospective cohort study.

Background: Cancer patients who are exposed to sepsis and had previous chemotherapy may have increased severity. Among chemotherapeutic agents, anthracyclines have been associated with cardiac toxicity. Like other chemotherapeutic agents, they may cause endothelial toxicity.

Nebulized aminoglycosides for ventilator-associated pneumonia: Methodological considerations and lessons from experimental studies.

Aminoglycosides are concentration-dependent antibiotics exerting a bactericidal effect when concentrations at the site of infection are equal to or greater than 5 times the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC). When administered intravenously, they exhibit poor lung penetration and high systemic renal and ototoxicity, imposing to restrict their administration to 5 days. Experimental studies conducted in anesthetized and mechanically ventilated sheep and pigs provide evidence that high doses of nebulized aminoglycosides induce a rapid and potent bacterial killing in the infected lung parenchyma.