Resilience Profiles among Grandparents Raising Grandchildren in the United States: White and Black Differences.

Background And Objectives: Grandparents raising grandchildren face many challenges and stress regardless of race and ethnicity; however, they are generally resilient. The present study aims to classify resilience profiles of these grandfamilies using a person-centered approach and examine the association of race and ethnicity with these profiles.

Research Design And Methods: The present study analyzed cross-sectional survey data collected from grandparents raising grandchildren in the United States (N = 287).

Factors Influencing the Self-Reported Palliative Care Practices of Acute Care Nurses.

Background: Provision of palliative care in acute care settings is significantly lacking despite evidence that early integration leads to better patient/family-related outcomes and improved healthcare cost and efficiency.

Objective: This study investigated influencing factors that affect the nature and frequency of palliative care practices of acute care nurses.

Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional design was used to examine the effects of personal and environmental factors on nurses' palliative care practices in the acute care setting.

Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma: Characterization of clonal T and B cells and a patient-derived xenograft study of coexisting T- and B-cell proliferation.

Introduction: Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) is a rare and aggressive lymphoma with a poor prognosis. AITL is associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive B cells in most cases, suggesting a possible role for the virus in the pathobiology of AITL. Cell lines from AITL patients do not exist and models of human AITL are needed.

Computational approaches to apply the String Edit Algorithm to create accurate visual scan paths.

Eye movement detection algorithms (e.g., I-VT) require the selection of thresholds to identify eye fixations and saccadic movements from gaze data.

Select microbial metabolites in the small intestinal lumen regulates vagal activity via receptor-mediated signaling.

The vagus nerve is proposed to enable communication between the gut microbiome and the brain, but activity-based evidence is lacking. We find that mice reared germ-free exhibit decreased vagal tone relative to colonized controls, which is reversed via microbiota restoration. Perfusing antibiotics into the small intestines of conventional mice, but not germ-free mice, acutely decreases vagal activity which is restored upon re-perfusion with intestinal filtrates from conventional, but not germ-free, mice.

Noncoding variants and sulcal patterns in congenital heart disease: Machine learning to predict functional impact.

Neurodevelopmental impairments associated with congenital heart disease (CHD) may arise from perturbations in brain developmental pathways, including the formation of sulcal patterns. While genetic factors contribute to sulcal features, the association of noncoding variants (ncDNVs) with sulcal patterns in people with CHD remains poorly understood. Leveraging deep learning models, we examined the predicted impact of ncDNVs on gene regulatory signals.

The phase I RELEASE clinical trial to evaluate the safety of NK cells in COVID-19.

The severity of COVID 19 symptoms has a direct correlation with lymphopenia, affecting natural killer (NK) cells. SARS-CoV-2 specific "memory" NK cells obtained from convalescent donors can be used as cell immunotherapy. In 2022 a phase I, dose-escalation, single center clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the safety and feasibility of the infusion of CD3/CD56 NK cells against moderate/severe cases of COVID-19 (NCT04578210).

The usefulness of Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) scoring in predicting all-cause mortality in Outpatients with Clinical Diagnoses of COPD.

Background: Since comorbid conditions are frequently present in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and affect outcome, a composite scoring system to quantify comorbidity might be helpful in assessing mortality risk.

Methods: We tested the hypothesis that the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) score at the time of an outpatient medical clinic encounter for COPD predicts all-cause mortality. Cox Proportional Hazards analyses were used in 200 randomly selected patients to relate CCI scores to all-cause mortality out to 5 years.

Dissociable ventral and dorsal sensorimotor functional circuits linking the hypomanic personality traits to aggression via behavioral inhibition system.

Hypomanic personality traits (HPT) are susceptibility markers for psychiatric disorders, particularly bipolar disorder, and are strongly associated with aggressive behaviors. However, the neuropsychological mechanisms underlying this association remain unclear. This study utilized psychometric network analysis and (IS-RSA) to explore the neuropsychological circuits that link HPT to aggression in a large non-clinical population.

A short screen for lifetime sexual victimization experiences: Expanding research on the Sexual Abuse History Questionnaire (SAHQ) across cultures, genders, and sexual identities.

The Sexual Abuse History Questionnaire (SAHQ), a widely used screening tool for childhood sexual abuse (CSA) and adolescent/adult sexual assault (AASA) experiences, has limited examination of its psychometric properties in diverse populations. Our study assessed the SAHQ's psychometric properties (i.e.

Knowledge and Awareness of Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Among Men in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Scoping Review Protocol.

Introduction: About 39.9 million people were living with HIV as of 2023, and HIV is more prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is highly effective in HIV prevention.

Quantifying the ability of the CFH group as a hydrogen bond donor.

The CFH group can act as a hydrogen bond donor, serving as a potential surrogate for OH or SH groups but with a weaker hydrogen bond donation ability. Here, we describe a series of CFH group-containing moieties that facilitate hydrogen bond interactions. We survey hydrogen bond donation ability using several established methods, including H NMR-based hydrogen bond acidity determination, UV-vis spectroscopy titration with Reichardt's dye, and H NMR titration using tri--butylphosphine oxide as a hydrogen bond acceptor.

Structural and functional brain correlates of the neutrophil- and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio in neuropsychiatric disorders.

Skews in the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) increasingly demonstrate prognostic capability in a range of acute and chronic mental health conditions. There has been a recent uptick in structural and functional magnetic responance imaging data corroborating the role of NLR and MLR in a cluster of neuropsychiatric disorders that are characterized by cognitive, affective, and psychomotor dysfunction. Moreover, these deficits are mostly evident in setting of acute and chronic disease comorbidity implicating aging and immunosenescent processes in the manifestation of these geriatric syndromes.

Instance maps as an organising concept for complex experimental workflows as demonstrated for (nano)material safety research.

Nanosafety assessment, which seeks to evaluate the risks from exposure to nanoscale materials, spans materials synthesis and characterisation, exposure science, toxicology, and computational approaches, resulting in complex experimental workflows and diverse data types. Managing the data flows, with a focus on provenance (who generated the data and for what purpose) and quality (how was the data generated, using which protocol with which controls), as part of good research output management, is necessary to maximise the reuse potential and value of the data. Instance maps have been developed and evolved to visualise experimental nanosafety workflows and to bridge the gap between the theoretical principles of FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Re-usable) data and the everyday practice of experimental researchers.

Trends in anterior shoulder instability procedures over the last decade in the United States.

Background: The treatment algorithm for traumatic shoulder instability has evolved, emphasizing the significance of glenoid bone loss and the glenoid track, addressing humeral, and glenoid vault bone deficiencies. This study examines trends and demographics of anterior shoulder instability procedures in the United States from 2010 to 2020.

Methods: PearlDiver database was queried for patients who underwent traumatic anterior shoulder instability procedures.

Challenges in autopsy training for pathology residents: A survey of autopsy directors.

Resident training in autopsy provides a foundation of knowledge and skills for forensic pathologists and anatomic pathologists, but obstacles are present in ensuring quality training. A survey of US autopsy service directors at sites with pathology residency programs was used to identify common challenges in resident autopsy training. Respondents (n = 29) largely believed that negative attitudes from residents, faculty, training programs, and/or the medical system at large (34%) and time limitations (34%) were the most significant challenges for residency autopsy training.

Combined Klippel-Feil syndrome, Sprengel deformity, and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: A rare case report.

Klippel-Feil syndrome (KFS) is a rare congenital disorder characterized by the fusion of cervical vertebrae, with a clinical presentation that can vary widely due to genetic and phenotypic diversity. While KFS can occur as an isolated anomaly, it is often associated with other congenital conditions, such as Sprengel deformity, which may present with or without an omovertebral bone, complicating diagnosis and management. This particular case also involves diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), the most common subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

Retropharyngeal effusion secondary to calcific tendinitis of the longus colli muscle: A case report and brief review of the literature.

Calcification or ossification of the longus colli tendon is a rare and often underdiagnosed cause of acute neck pain, typically seen in middle-aged adults, especially women. This condition results from the deposition of calcium hydroxyapatite crystals in the tendon, causing an inflammatory or granulomatous response. Common symptoms include neck pain, painful swallowing, and fever.

Functionally active modulators targeting the LRRK2 WD40 repeat domain identified by FRASE-bot in CACHE Challenge #1.

Critical Assessment of Computational Hit-Finding Experiments (CACHE) Challenges emerged as real-life stress tests for computational hit-finding strategies. In CACHE Challenge #1, 23 participants contributed their original workflows to identify small-molecule ligands for the WD40 repeat (WDR) of LRRK2, a promising Parkinson's target. We applied the FRASE-based hit-finding robot (FRASE-bot), a platform for interaction-based screening allowing a drastic reduction of the explorable chemical space and a concurrent detection of putative ligand-binding sites.

Gut Microbiome as Potential Therapeutics in Multiple Sclerosis.

Purpose Of Review: The gut microbiome is an emerging arena to investigate multiple sclerosis (MS) pathogenesis and potential therapeutics. In this review, we summarize the available data and postulate the feasibilities of potential MS therapeutic approaches that modulate the gut microbiome.

Recent Findings: Growing evidence indicates dysbiosis in the gut bacterial ecosystem in MS.

Internal transcribed spacer metagenomics data unravelling the core fungal community structure residing the wheat and maize rhizosphere.

Plants are colonized by a vast array of microorganisms that outstrip plant cell densities and genes, thus referred to as plant's second genome or extended genome. The microbial communities exert a significant influence on the vigor, growth, development and productivity of plants by supporting nutrient acquisition, organic matter decomposition and tolerance against biotic and abiotic stresses such as heat, high salt, drought and disease, by regulating plant defense responses. The rhizosphere is a complex micro-ecological zone in the direct vicinity of plant roots and is considered a hotspot of microbial diversity.

Association of safer smoking supply distribution with participant encounters and naloxone distribution from syringe services programs: Findings from the National Survey of Syringe Services Programs in the United States.

Background: In response to the recent and growing shift from injecting heroin to smoking fentanyl, an increasing number of syringe services programs (SSPs) in the United States are distributing safer smoking supplies. There is a lack of research on whether safer smoking supply distribution is associated with increased SSP engagement and naloxone distribution from SSPs. Therefore, we aimed to assess predictors of safer smoking supply distribution by SSPs and estimate associations between safer smoking supply distribution and scale of harm reduction services.

A Case Report of Mycophenolate Mofetil-Induced Fulminant Colitis in a 76-Year-Old Renal Transplant Recipient.

Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) is a widely utilized immunosuppressive medication to prevent organ rejection in transplant recipients and manage autoimmune diseases. While gastrointestinal side effects, such as diarrhea and abdominal discomfort, are common, fulminant colitis is a rare complication. This case report describes the occurrence of fulminant colitis in a 76-year-old renal transplant recipient.