Dose-Response Effects of Exercise and Testosterone Replacement Therapy on Body Composition, Lean Mass, and Heart Rate Responses: A Case Report Using Wearable Technology.

The case report explores the effects of testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) on body composition, lean muscle mass, and fat mass, based on the dosage of TRT and exercise intensity in a 40-year-old male. The purpose of this case study was to evaluate the dose-response relationship of TRT and exercise on muscle hypertrophy and fat loss over an eight-month period, using a validated wrist-worn wearable fitness tracker to measure daily physical activity and heart rate (HR)-based exercise intensity. The patient, a trained male with 25 years of consistent exercise experience, reported notable declines in strength and increases in body fat despite maintaining a regular workout routine.

First clinical utility of sensing Ultrasound Localization Microscopy (sULM): identifying renal pseudotumors.

Renal pseudotumors, which mimic tumors on imaging, pose diagnostic challenges that can lead to unnecessary interventions. Sensing ultrasound localization microscopy (sULM) is an advanced imaging technique that uses ultrasound imaging and microbubbles as sensors to visualize kidney functional units. This study aims to investigate whether sULM could differentiate between renal pseudotumors and tumors based on the presence of glomeruli.

18F-5-fluoro-aminosuberic acid PET/CT imaging of oxidative-stress features during the formation of DEN-induced rat hepatocellular carcinoma.

The role of oxidative stress metabolism during hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) formation potentially allows for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of oxidative stress activity for early and precise HCC detection. However, there is currently limited data available on oxidative-stress-related PET imaging for longitudinal monitoring of the pathophysiological changes during HCC formation. This work aimed to explore PET-based longitudinal monitoring of oxidative stress metabolism and determine the sensitivity of [18F]-5-fluoroaminosuberic acid ([18F]FASu) for assessing pathophysiological processes in diethylnitrosamine (DEN) induced rat HCC.

Big data analytics and scRNA-seq in human aortic aneurysms and dissections: role of endothelial MerTK.

Aortic aneurysms and dissections (AAD) cause more than 10,000 deaths in the United States each year. However, there are no medications that can effectively prevent the pathogenesis of AAD. MER proto-oncogene tyrosine kinase (MerTK) is a key receptor for efferocytosis, a process for the clearance of apoptotic cells.

Tumor immunomodulation by nanoparticle and focused ultrasound alters gut microbiome in a sexually dimorphic manner.

Local immunomodulation with nanoparticles (NPs) and focused ultrasound (FUS) is recognized for triggering anti-tumor immunity. However, the impact of these tumor immunomodulations on sex-specific microbiome diversity at distant sites and their correlation with therapeutic effectiveness remains unknown. Here, we conducted local intratumoral therapy using immunogenic cell death-enhancing Calreticulin-Nanoparticles (CRT-NPs) and FUS in male and female mice.

Targeting cancer with precision: strategical insights into TCR-engineered T cell therapies.

T cell receptor-engineered T (TCR-T) cell therapies are at the forefront of cancer immunotherapy, offering a transformative approach that significantly enhances the ability of T cells to recognize and eliminate cancer cells. This innovative method involves genetically modifying TCRs to increase their affinity for tumor-specific antigens. While these enhancements improve the ability of T cells to recognize and bind to antigens on cancer cells, rigorous assessment of specificity remains crucial to ensure safety and targeted responses.

A comparative analysis of Marburg virus-infected bat and human models from public high-throughput sequencing data.

Marburg virus (MARV) disease (MVD) is an uncommon yet serious viral hemorrhagic fever that impacts humans and non-human primates. In humans, infection by the MARV is marked by rapid onset, high transmissibility, and elevated mortality rates, presenting considerable obstacles to the development of vaccines and treatments. Bats, particularly , are suspected to be natural hosts of MARV.

Analysis of User-Generated Posts on Social Media of Adjuvant Analgesics: A Machine Learning Study.

Antiepileptics and antidepressants are frequently prescribed for chronic pain, but their efficacy and potential adverse effects raise concerns, including dependency issues. Increased prescriptions, sometimes fraudulent, prompted reclassification of antiepileptics in some countries. Our aim is to comprehend opinions, perceptions, beliefs, and attitudes towards co-analgesics from online discussions on X (formerly known as Twitter), offering insights closer to reality than conventional surveys.

Intermittent fasting as a treatment for obesity in young people: a scoping review.

Intermittent fasting focuses on the timing of eating rather than diet quality or energy intake, with evidence supporting its effects on weight loss and improvements in cardiometabolic outcomes in adults with obesity. However, there is limited evidence for its feasibility and efficacy in young people. To address this, a scoping review was conducted to examine intermittent fasting regimens in individuals aged 10 to 25 for the treatment of obesity focusing on methodology, intervention parameters, outcomes, adherence, feasibility, and efficacy.

On the gold(I)-catalyzed enantioselective addition of indole to diphenylallene via anion-binding catalysis.

Neutral dual hydrogen bond donors (HBDs) are effective catalysts that enhance the electrophilicity of substrates or the Lewis/Brønsted acidity of reagents through an anion-binding mechanism. Despite their success in various enantioselective organocatalytic reactions, their application to transition metal catalysis remains rare. Herein, we report the activation of gold(I) precatalysts by chiral ureas, leading to enantioselective hydroarylation of allenes with indoles.

Proteomic study of the inhibitory effects of tannic acid on MRSA biofilm.

Introduction: The mechanism of tannic acid (TA) intervention on methicillin-resistant (MRSA, USA 300) biofilm formation was explored using proteomics.

Methods: The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of TA against the MRSA standard strain USA 300 was determined by two-fold serial dilution of the microbroth. The effects of TA were studied using crystal violet staining.

Gold Nanoprism Enhanced SERS Aptasensor for Simultaneous Detection of Thrombin and VEGF.

Sensitive detection of disease-specific biomarkers with high accuracy is crucial for early diagnosis, therapeutic monitoring, and understanding underlying pathological mechanisms. Traditional methods, such as immunohistochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), face limitations due to the complex and expensive production of antibodies. In this context, aptamers, short oligonucleotides with advantages like easy synthesis, low cost, high specificity, and stability, have emerged as promising alternatives for biomolecular sensing.

Therapeutic Potential of Feline Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Exosomes in the Treatment of Feline Idiopathic Cystitis: A Characterization and Functional Analysis of miRNA Content.

Feline Idiopathic Cystitis (FIC), is a chronic lower urinary tract condition in cats analogous to PBS/IC in women, which presents significant treatment challenges due to its idiopathic nature. Recent advancements in regenerative medicine highlight the potential of Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells (ADSCs), particularly through their secretome, which includes mediators, bioactive molecules, and extracellular vesicles (EVs). Notably, exosomes, a subset of EVs, facilitate cell-to-cell communication and, when derived from ADSCs, exhibit anti-inflammatory properties and contribute to tissue regeneration.

Development and optimization of dapagliflozin oral nano-bilosomes using response surface method: evaluation, evaluation.

In treating type 2 diabetes, avoiding glucose reabsorption (glucotoxicity) and managing hyperglycemia are also important. A metabolic condition known as diabetes (type-2) is characterized by high blood sugar levels in comparison to normal Bilosomes (BLs) containing Dapagliflozin (Dapa) were formulated, optimized, and tested for oral therapeutic efficacy in the current investigation. Used the Box Behnken design to optimize the Dapa-BLs, formulated via a thin-film hydration technique.

Protein engineering in the deep learning era.

Advances in deep learning have significantly aided protein engineering in addressing challenges in industrial production, healthcare, and environmental sustainability. This review frames frequently researched problems in protein understanding and engineering from the perspective of deep learning. It provides a thorough discussion of representation methods for protein sequences and structures, along with general encoding pipelines that support both pre-training and supervised learning tasks.

Genotype-microbiome-metabolome associations in early childhood and their link to BMI.

Through the analysis of data from children aged 6 months to 8 years enrolled in the Vitamin D Antenatal Asthma Reduction Trial (VDAART), significant simultaneous associations were identified between variants in the fragile histidine triad () gene, children's body mass index, microbiome features related to obesity, and key lipids and amino acids. These patterns represent evidence of the genotype influence in shaping the host microbiome in developing stages and new potential biomarkers for childhood obesity, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes.

Bacterial abundance and diversity in 64-74 Ma subseafloor igneous basement from the Louisville Seamount Chain.

The aquifer in the subseafloor igneous basement is a massive, continuous microbial substrate, yet sparingly little is known about life in this habitat. The work to date has focused largely on describing microbial diversity in the young basement (<10 Ma), where the basaltic crust is still porous and fluid flow through it is active. Here, we test the hypothesis that microbial life exists in subseafloor basement >65 Ma using samples collected from the Louisville Seamount Chain via seafloor drilling.

Predictors of Technology Use: Evidence from Elite Older Adults.

Few studies have examined older, elite users of digital technology use. To address this gap, we examined predictors of novel technology use among this group. As hypothesized, several markers of successful aging predicted greater technology use in older elite users, including higher levels of cognition, socioeconomics, and self-efficacy.

A sustainable and expedited 'One-Stop' prostate cancer diagnostic pathway to reduce environmental impact and enhance accessibility.

Objective: To assess the carbon footprint, accessibility, and diagnostic performance of an expedited 'One-Stop' prostate cancer (PCa) diagnostic pathway.

Materials And Methods: A total of 1083 consecutive patients undergoing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) followed by transrectal ultrasound fusion-guided prostate biopsy (PBx) were identified from a prospective database. The patients were divided according to the diagnostic pathway: One-Stop, with MRI and same-day PBx (3 hours apart), or Standard, with MRI followed by a second visit for PBx.

Impact of race and ethnicity on clinical outcomes and recurrence post-ureteral reconstruction.

Introduction: Ureteral stricture disease (UTSD) poses significant challenges in reconstructive urology, with recent advances highlighting disparities in healthcare outcomes based on race and ethnicity. This study investigates the impact of race and ethnicity on clinical outcomes following ureteral reconstruction.

Methods: We conducted a single-centre prospective analysis of 233 patients who underwent ureteral reconstruction for UTSD from 2014 to 2023.

Comparing outcomes of Aquablation versus holmium laser enucleation of prostate in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: A network meta-analysis.

Introduction: Water Jet Ablation Therapy (WJAT) and Holmium Laser Enucleation of the Prostate (HoLEP) represent two common surgical treatments for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH). Despite their increasing use, there is no study between these two methods. We aim to evaluate their efficacy and safety through a network meta-analysis (NMA), providing critical insights for clinical decision-making in the management of moderate to severe lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) due to BPH.

Early oncological outcomes of delayed radical prostatectomy: A prospective, international, follow-up analysis of the COVIDSurg-Cancer study.

Objectives: The objective of this study is to compare the early oncological outcomes of delayed (>90 days) versus scheduled (≤90 days) radical prostatectomy (RP).

Patients And Methods: Patients with prostate cancer due to undergo surgery between March 2020 and June 2020 who were enrolled in the COVIDSurg-Cancer international, observational study were prospectively followed up for 1 year. Time to surgery was defined as the difference between the operation date and the multi-disciplinary team decision to offer surgery.

Accuracy of warm ischemia time measurement using a surgical intelligence software in partial nephrectomies: A validation study.

Objectives: The objectives of this study are to compare the accuracy of warm ischemia times (WITs) derived by a surgical artificial intelligence (AI) software to those documented in surgeon operative reports during partial nephrectomy procedures and to assess the potential of this technology in evaluating postoperative renal function.

Patients And Methods: A surgical AI software (Theator Inc., Palo Alto, CA) was used to capture and analyse videos of partial nephrectomies performed between October 2023 and April 2024.