Bridging Existing Energy and Chemical Transport Models to Enhance Air Quality Policy Assessment.

Connecting changes in emissions to air quality is critical for evaluating the effects of a specific policy. Here, we introduce a methodology to aid in assessing the air quality impacts of changes in the energy system. A set of widely varying scenarios that describe alternative potential evolutions of the US energy system is constructed using the TIMES energy system model.

Atrial Tachyarrhythmia in Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy: A Case Report.

Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is a heritable myocardial condition that mostly affects the right ventricle (RV). Atrial involvement is poorly understood and the evidence for atrial involvement remains limited. In this case report, we describe an 18-year-old woman who had ARVC with the atrial tachyarrhythmia and initially presented with palpitations.

Investigating the structure-property correlations of pyrolyzed phenolic resin as a function of degree of carbonization.

Carbon-carbon (C/C) composites are attractive materials for high-speed flights and terrestrial atmospheric reentry applications due to their insulating thermal properties, thermal resistance, and high strength-to-weight ratio. It is important to understand the evolving structure-property correlations in these materials during pyrolysis, but the extreme laboratory conditions required to produce C/C composites make it difficult to quantify the properties . This work presents an atomistic modeling methodology to pyrolyze a crosslinked phenolic resin network and track the evolving thermomechanical properties of the skeletal matrix during simulated pyrolysis.

A preliminary study of linear accelerator-based spatially fractionated radiotherapy.

Purpose: This study aimed to provide quantitative information for implementing Lattice radiotherapy (LRT) using a medical linear accelerator equipped with the Millennium 120 multi-leaf collimator (MLC). The research systematically evaluated the impact of varying vertex diameters and separations on dose distribution, peak-to-valley dose ratio (PVDR), and normal tissue dose.

Methods: A cylindrical Virtual Water™ phantom was used to create LRT treatments using the Eclipse version 16.

Research progresses and hotspots on glucose metabolic reprogramming in breast cancer: a bibliometric analysis over the past two decades.

Background: Abnormal energy metabolism is a prominent characteristic of cancers. Increasing evidence has suggested the involvement of glucose metabolism reprogramming in the progression of breast cancer (BC). This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of glucose metabolism reprogramming in BC through a bibliometric analysis.

How digital paywalls shape news coverage.

The internet has significantly transformed how news is produced, consumed, and distributed. As a result, the news industry has transitioned from ad-supported to subscription-based models regulated by digital paywalls. In the light of this disruption, it is crucial to investigate not only how news consumers adapt to this change but also how economic incentives shape content coverage.

Perceived Stress During Late Pregnancy and Infant Body Composition at 1 Month.

Context: Worldwide, obesity remains one of the most challenging crises with children being one of the most susceptible populations. The effect of maternal stress during pregnancy on newborn body composition, measured by fat mass and lean mass has, not been extensively studied.

Objectives: We evaluated the association between perceived stress during late pregnancy and infant adiposity at 1 month and assessed effect modification by infant sex and preterm birth.

Descriptive Analysis of Preoperative Breast Reconstruction Patient Expectations Using the BREAST-Q Expectations Module.

Patient expectations have been shown to influence postoperative outcomes across surgical specialties. However, the impact of expectations in breast reconstruction is not well understood. The purpose of this project is to perform the first large-scale analysis and classification of BREAST-Q Expectations responses in patients undergoing implant-based reconstruction.

A Comprehensive Analysis on the Readability of Rhinoplasty-Based Web Content for Patients.

Rhinoplasty is one of the most common cosmetic procedures performed by plastic surgeons and otolaryngologists. Previous studies have concluded that the readability of rhinoplasty information does not meet the recommended guidelines for the 8th grade reading level. In this study, we performed an updated readability analysis and a comprehensive online review of decision-making factors for patients considering rhinoplasty.

Safety of Cefazolin Perioperative Prophylaxis in Plastic Surgery Patients With Penicillin Allergy: A Retrospective Chart Review.

Antimicrobial prophylaxis is crucial in reducing surgical site infections (SSIs). First-generation cephalosporins are commonly first line, but issues arise when patients report a penicillin allergy. Although up to 10% of Americans report a penicillin allergy, up to 95% are not truly allergic.

Rectovaginal Fistula Repair Following Vaginoplasty in Transgender Females: A Systematic Review of Surgical Techniques.

Rectovaginal fistula (RVF) remains a complex complication following gender-affirming vaginoplasty. This review aims to evaluate RVF repair techniques and outcomes following vaginoplasty. A systematic review was performed per PRISMA guidelines.

A Prospective Clinical Trial Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Non-Animal Stabilized Hyaluronic Acid Injections for Non-Surgical Rhinoplasty.

Non-surgical rhinoplasty with hyaluronic acid (HA) filler is a three-dimensional reshaping technique that achieves tissue enhancement by placing HA deep to nasal skin. Due to its unique rheology, Restylane® Lyft (HA-L, Galderma, Uppsala, Sweden) may be particularly well-suited for injection rhinoplasty, as it has high gel firmness (G') for strong structural support with minimal integration propensity. A prospective clinical trial was conducted to evaluate HA-L use for non-surgical rhinoplasty.

Long-Term Opioid Use After Free Flap Breast Reconstruction: Incidence and Associated Factors.

Opioid dependence can occur in 6% to 10% of patients undergoing breast reconstruction. With the expansion of interdisciplinary initiatives to decrease opioid use after surgery, an updated look at the incidence of and risk factors for prolonged opioid dependence after free flap breast reconstruction is essential. We retrospectively identified all cases of free flap breast reconstruction completed at our institution from 2017 to 2020.

Insulin-Induced Lipohypertrophy Treated With Liposuction: A Review of Case Reports.

Lipohypertrophy is the most reported cutaneous complication of insulin injection. In cases refractory to conservative management, liposuction has been proposed as a treatment. This review aims to evaluate the use of liposuction for the treatment of insulin-induced lipohypertrophy.

Compression of the Ulnar Nerve Following Carpal Tunnel Release.

Given the proximity and shared structures of Guyon's canal and the carpal tunnel, compression of the ulnar nerve is a rarely observed but possible complication of carpal tunnel release. In this case report, a patient underwent previous carpal tunnel release and immediately experienced ipsilateral hand weakness in keeping with an ulnar nerve compression syndrome. Clinical, electrodiagnostic, and magnetic resonance imaging findings after carpal tunnel release demonstrated a compression or injury to the deep motor branch of the ulnar nerve not previously present.

Physical scaling for predicting shear viscosity and memory effects of lithium-ion battery cathode slurries.

Lithium-ion battery cathodes are manufactured by coating slurries, liquid suspensions that typically include carbon black (CB), active material, and polymer binder. These slurries have a yield stress and complex rheology due to CB's microstructural response to flow. While optimizing the formulation and processing of slurries is critical to manufacturing defect-free and high-performance cathodes, engineering the shear rheology of cathode slurries remains challenging.

2,4-D resistance due to a deletion in IAA2 in Sisymbrium orientale L. carries no apparent fitness penalty.

Background: A deletion mutation in the degron tail of auxin coreceptor IAA2 was found to confer resistance to the herbicide 2,4-D in Sisymbrium orientale. Given the importance of auxin signalling in plant development, this study was conducted to investigate whether this deletion mutation may affect plant fitness.

Results: The F progeny of crosses with two resistant populations P2 (P2♂ × S♀) and P13 (P13♂ × S♀) were used in this study.

Iron-associated lipid peroxidation in Alzheimer's disease is increased in lipid rafts with decreased ferroptosis suppressors, tested by chelation in mice.

Introduction: Iron-mediated cell death (ferroptosis) is a proposed mechanism of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. While iron is essential for basic biological functions, its reactivity generates oxidants which contribute to cell damage and death.

Methods: To further resolve mechanisms of iron-mediated toxicity in AD, we analyzed post mortem human brain and ApoEFAD mice.

Empowerment in prevention: a qualitative inquiry into Black girl-centred strategies for reducing HIV/STI and drug misuse risk.

Black girls in the United States are disproportionately diagnosed with sexually transmitted infections (STIs), which can increase the risk of contracting HIV (human immunodeficiency virus), compared to adolescent girls of other races. Therefore, this study was designed to understand barriers to impactful HIV/STI and substance use prevention programmes for Black girls. Data was collected between October 2021 and June 2022 from twelve focus groups which included (N = 62) participants who identified as Black and female between the ages of 13 and 18 years old.

Lack of effect of renal function on uptake of 99mTc-sestamibi in renal masses.

Objective: The appropriate clinical management of indeterminate small renal masses can be improved based on accurate risk stratification. This study aimed to investigate the impact of renal function on the uptake of technetium-99m (99mTc)-sestamibi, a widely available imaging agent that can be utilized to identify oncocytomas and other benign/indolent renal masses.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted, involving 100 consecutive patients who underwent 99mTc-sestamibi single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography.

Single-Stage Midline Unifocalization Is Associated With Excellent Outcomes in Infants of All Ages.

Objective: Tetralogy of Fallot, pulmonary atresia, and major aortopulmonary collateral arteries are a complex congenital heart defect. For years, our program has recommended early single-stage midline unifocalization at three to six months of age. However, many patients are referred beyond six months.

Maternal History of Child Maltreatment Predicts Dysregulated Offspring Stress Response System Functioning.

Identifying proximal and multigenerational distal risk mechanisms through which adversity exposure may shape neuroendocrine dysregulation among children is critical to advancing effective preventive interventions for adversity-exposed individuals. Utilizing longitudinal data ( = 247), the current study examined maternal and offspring history of childhood maltreatment (CM) as predictors of offspring cortisol/DHEA ratios, and, in exploratory analyses, extended this longitudinally to offspring depressive symptoms in young adulthood. Youth (ages 8-13 years) initially attended a research camp, then were followed up approximately eight years later (ages 18-22 years).

Combined Deep Plane Facelift/Necklift and Inspire Hypoglossal Nerve Stimulator Surgery.

A 63 year old female patient presented to our office with two chief complaints, (1) severe OSA with CPAP intolerance and (2) cosmetic face and neck concerns regarding facial rhytids, jowls, and neck laxity. She was evaluated for Inspire candidacy and found to be an appropriate candidate. She underwent a combined Inspire hypoglossal nerve stimulator implant and deep plane facelift and necklift surgery to address her sleep apnea and her cosmetic concerns.

Ultrasound Predicts Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy Findings Using Machine Learning Models.

Objectives: Ultrasound is a promising low-risk imaging modality that can provide objective airway measurements that may circumvent limitations of drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE). This study was devised to identify ultrasound-derived anatomical measurements that could accurately predict collapse pattern and location based on the VOTE criteria (VOTE: Velum, Oropharynx, Tongue, and Epiglottis).

Methods: Ultrasonography was performed on 20 adult patients of various airway subsites while awake and sedated with concurrent endoscopy performed during drug-induced sleep.

Biomechanics of soft biological tissues and organs, mechanobiology, homeostasis and modelling.

The human body consists of many different soft biological tissues that exhibit diverse microstructures and functions and experience diverse loading conditions. Yet, under many conditions, the mechanical behaviour of these tissues can be described well with similar nonlinearly elastic or inelastic constitutive relations, both in health and some diseases. Such constitutive relations are essential for performing nonlinear stress analyses, which in turn are critical for understanding physiology, pathophysiology and even clinical interventions, including surgery.