Trait Social Anxiety Moderates the Relationship Between Emotion-Regulation Strategy Switching and State Anxiety in Daily Life.

Difficulty knowing when to switch emotion regulation (ER) strategies is theorized to be a key pathway to emotion dysregulation, but relatively few studies have empirically examined this. We applied a new order-based metric to quantify how =109 socially anxious people switched between 19 different ER strategies (or chose not to regulate at all) throughout a 5-week ecological momentary assessment study yielding 12,616 observations. We tested whether state and trait anxiety reports, and their interaction, predicted differences in ER strategy switching.

Mpox Virus as a Global Public Health Emergency: A Scoping Review.

The monkeypox (Mpox) virus has emerged as a global public health emergency of international concern recently. The virus that was endemic in West and Central Africa has now been reported with chains of global transmission to several countries. A scoping review was carried out from the relevant literature available from PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science.

First Steps in the Development of a New Measure of Attitudes Toward Sexual Offending Against Children.

It is unclear whether existing measures of attitudes and cognitive distortions regarding sexual offending against children (SOC) reflect evaluative attitudes toward SOC (i.e., how negatively or positively one views SOC).

Relations between Affect, Self-Efficacy, and Alcohol Expectancies in Adults Experiencing Homelessness.

Background: Alcohol misuse is higher among adults experiencing homelessness (AEH) compared to housed adults. Greater expectancy that alcohol will improve mood, negative affect, and lower self-efficacy have been linked to alcohol misuse in AEH. However, little is known about the momentary relationships between affect, alcohol expectancies, and self-efficacy to avoid alcohol in AEH.

Insights into the electronic, magnetic structure, and photocatalytic activity of YCuMnO double perovskite.

This research aims to develop YCuMnO double perovskite, using a citrate auto combustion method, to be used as a photocatalyst for the degradation of organic dyes and antibiotics. XRD and Raman characterization revealed the synthesis of pure-phase YCuMnO double perovskite. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results show the presence of +4 and +2 oxidation states of Mn and Cu ions.

Insights into the specific capacitance of CNT-based supercapacitor electrodes using artificial intelligence.

In this study, the specific capacitance characteristics of a carbon nanotube (CNT) supercapacitor was predicted using different machine learning algorithms, such as artificial neural network (ANN), random forest regression (RFR), -nearest neighbors regression (KNN), and decision tree regression (DTR), based on experimental studies. The results of the simulation verified the accuracy of the ANN algorithm with respect to the data derived from the specific capacitance of the supercapacitor module. It was observed that there was a strong correlation between the experimental results and the predictions made by the ANN algorithm.

Ongoing invasions by American bullfrogs and red-eared sliders in the Republic of Korea.

Invasive species can be unpredictable in their ability to adapt and spread across novel landscapes. American bullfrogs () and red-eared sliders () have become invasive in South Korea since their introduction in the 1970s through the food and pet trades. One of the first steps to their population regulations is to determine each species' distribution in the country, which will allow for the identification of at-risk areas.

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on small vulnerable newborns: an interrupted time series analysis in Peru and Brazil.

Background: We examined COVID-19's impact on the number of small vulnerable newborns (SVN) at national and regional levels in Peru and Brazil.

Methods: Using national birth registries, we examined monthly numbers of preterm (PT), low birthweight (LBW), and small for gestational age (SGA) newborns. We analysed COVID-19's impact on SVN using two interrupted time series models.

Temporal trends of liver cancer burden, comparative analysis of risk factors and trend forecasts to 2024 in China, USA, the Republic of Korea, and Mongolia: an analysis based on multiple data sources from Global Burden of Disease 2019, the Global Cancer Observatory, and Cancer Incidence in Five Continents.

Background: Liver cancer represents a significant burden of disease globally, with variations in liver cancer status among countries. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the epidemiological burden of liver cancer in four representative countries - China, the USA, the Republic of Korea, and Mongolia - and cover the highest number of incidence cases, the highest prevalence rates and the burden in developed countries. In addition, we intended to predict the trends in liver cancer in these countries over the next six years.

Fistula in Crohn's disease: classification, pathogenesis, and treatment options.

Crohn's disease is a form of inflammation that affects the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. It is characterized by persistent inflammation in the gut, which can lead to the formation of abnormal connections called fistulas. These fistulas can occur between the GI tract and the abdominal cavity, adjacent organs, or the skin.

Cost-effectiveness of continuous real-time intracardiac recurrent event detection and alerting in high-risk acute coronary syndrome patients.

Background: ALERTS was a pivotal randomized clinical trial (RCT) evaluating an intracardiac monitor with real-time alerting in high-risk acute coronary syndrome patients. The cost-effectiveness however is unknown.

Method: A decision model estimated health effects and costs of implanting a Guardian device in a target patient population, compared to current standard-of-care (SOC).

A perylene-based fluorescent probe for highly efficient SDS detection.

Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) is widely used in numerous household products and pharmaceuticals due to its excellent water solubility, emulsification, foaming, and dispersing properties. However, the extensive use of SDS has made it a significant environmental pollutant, posing a great threat to aquatic ecosystems. Therefore, developing a rapid, efficient, and sensitive probe for detecting SDS in aqueous environments is crucial.

Ionic gradients in flow to control transport of emissive ions.

Concentration gradients of simple salts in microfluidic channels control the transport of a common photoredox catalyst.

Prevalence and Correlates of Sexual Choking and Consensual Non-Consent (CNC) Among College Students: Findings from a Campus-Representative Survey.

Rough sex has become prevalent among young adults, yet little is known about the prevalence of consensual non-consent (CNC)-which is often enacted as role-playing sexual assault-or the correlates of either sexual choking or CNC. In a U.S.

Weighting methods for truncation by death in cluster-randomized trials.

Patient-centered outcomes, such as quality of life and length of hospital stay, are the focus in a wide array of clinical studies. However, participants in randomized trials for elderly or critically and severely ill patient populations may have truncated or undefined non-mortality outcomes if they do not survive through the measurement time point. To address truncation by death, the survivor average causal effect has been proposed as a causally interpretable subgroup treatment effect defined under the principal stratification framework.

A Regulatory Roadmap for Repurposing: Comparing Pathways for Making Repurposed Drugs Available In The EU, UK, And US.

To help academic and non-profit investigators interested in drug repurposing navigate regulatory approval processes, we compared pathways for repurposed drugs to obtain approval at EMA, UK MHRA, and the US FDA. Though we found no pathways specifically for repurposed drugs, pathways to market are available in all repurposing scenarios.

The Need for IRB Leadership to Address the New Ethical Challenges of Research with Highly Portable Neuroimaging Technologies.

The emergence of innovative neuroimaging technologies, particularly highly portable magnetic resonance imaging (pMRI), has the potential to spawn a transformative era in neuroscience research. Resourced academic institutional review boards (IRBs) with experience overseeing traditional MRI have a special role to play in ethical governance of pMRI research and should facilitate the collaborative development of nuanced and culturally sensitive guidelines and educational resources for pMRI protocols. This paper explores the ethical challenges of pMRI in neuroscience research and the dynamic leadership role that IRBs should play to promote ethical oversight of emerging pMRI research.

The Realization of Portable MRI for Indigenous Communities in the USA and Canada.

The paucity of existing baseline data for understanding neurologic health and the effects of injury on people from Indigenous populations is causally related to the limited representation of communities in neuroimaging research to date. In this paper, we explore ways to change this trend in the context of portable MRI, where portability has opened up imaging to communities that have been neglected or inaccessible in the past. We discuss pathways to engage local leadership, foster the participation of communities for this unprecedented opportunity, and empower field-based researchers to bring the holistic worldview embraced by Indigenous communities to neuroimaging research.

Far from Home: Managing Incidental Findings in Field Research with Portable MRI.

Portable MRI for neuroimaging research in remote field settings can reach populations previously excluded from research, including communities underrepresented in current brain neuroscience databases and marginalized in health care. However, research conducted far from a medical institution and potentially in populations facing barriers to health care access raises the question of how to manage incidental findings (IFs) that may warrant clinical workup. Researchers should not withhold information about IFs from historically excluded and underserved population when members consent to receive it, and instead should facilitate access to information and a pathway to clinical care.

Conducting Research with Highly Portable MRI in Community Settings: A Practical Guide to Navigating Ethical Issues and ELSI Checklist.

Highly portable and accessible MRI technology will allow researchers to conduct field-based MRI research in community settings. Previous guidance for researchers working with fixed MRI does not address the novel ethical, legal, and societal issues (ELSI) of portable MRI (pMRI). Our interdisciplinary Working Group (WG) previously identified 15 core ELSI challenges associated with pMRI research and recommended solutions.

Socioeconomic Factors in Brain Research: Increasing Sample Representativeness with Portable MRI.

People of low socioeconomic status (SES) are often underrepresented in biomedical research. The importance of demographically diverse research samples is widely recognized, especially given socioeconomic disparities in health, but have been challenging to achieve. One barrier to research participation by low SES individuals is their distance from research centers and the difficulty of traveling.

The Power and Limits of Political Philosophy in Analyzing Healthcare Markets.

Bioethics is taking an institutional turn, where organizations are being taken seriously as moral agents. Within US healthcare, this is difficult to do without confronting "the market" as a highly influential context for organizational behavior. In the 1990s, pioneering thinkers such as David Mechanic, Brad Gray, and Mark Schlesinger undertook a first round of organizational ethics scholarship focused on how market forces influence health insurer behavior - motivated by a particular concern for health maintenance organizations (HMOs).

Ethical Oversight and Social Licensing of Portable MRI Research.

This article explores two questions: (1) whether portable MRI research might escape regulatory oversight altogether under existing U.S. privacy and research ethical frameworks, leaving research participants without adequate protections, and (2) whether existing regulatory frameworks, when they do apply, can guard society's broader interest in ensuring that portable MRI research pursues socially beneficial, ethically sound aims that minimize the potential for externalities affecting nonparticipating individuals and groups, who might be stigmatized or otherwise harmed even if they decline participation in the research.