The lived experiences of nurse practitioners during a nursing strike.

Objective: This study aims to understand the lived experiences of nurse practitioners (NPs) providing patient care during a nursing strike in a hospital setting.

Background: The nursing shortage afflicts the provision of health care. A recurring loss of seasoned nurses represents a loss of expertise and organizational knowledge, leading to internal burnout, inadequate resources, and recently, nursing strikes.

The interplay between personal traits and coping strategies on shift-work tolerance: a cross-sectional study.

The ability to adapt to night shift work varies greatly among individuals, but little is known about how personal traits and coping strategies interact to affect shift-work tolerance. This study aimed to identify how certain personal traits (e.g.

Patient Characteristics, Management and Long-term Outcomes of Patients with Cardiogenic Shock at a Large Safety Net Hospital.

Data regarding cardiogenic shock (CS) from safety-net hospitals serving socioeconomically-disadvantaged patients are limited. In addition, little is known regarding long-term outcomes and management of heart failure-related CS (HF-CS), a population potentially especially vulnerable to adverse social determinants of health (SDOH). A single-center retrospective cohort study of patients with Stage C, D, or E CS at a public safety-net hospital between 2017-2023 was performed.

Diffusion-weighted arterial spin labeling MRI to investigate mannitol-induced blood brain barrier disruption.

Purpose: Diffusion-weighted arterial spin labeling (DW-ASL) MRI has been proposed to determine the rate of water exchange (K) across the blood brain barrier (BBB). This study aims to further evaluate K MRI by comparing it with standard dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI and histology in association with mannitol-induced disruption of the BBB.

Methods: DW-ASL was measured using a multiple b-value MRI protocol in normal rats at three post-labeling delays (N = 19), before and after intra-carotid injection of mannitol to disrupt BBB in one hemisphere (N = 13).

Baseline and outcome stereoacuity of children with anisometropic amblyopia undergoing dichoptic amblyopia treatment.

Background: One rationale for dichoptic amblyopia therapy is that it may promote recovery of binocular function. Yet data on binocular outcomes in anisometropic amblyopia following dichoptic therapy are sparse. We report factors associated with pre- and post-treatment binocular function in anisometropic amblyopia, and examine binocular function in children who recover normal visual acuity compared to those with residual amblyopia.

Impacto - A single-arm open-label pilot trial of a digital-based integrated smoking cessation program for Spanish-speaking Hispanic individuals who smoke: Development, feasibility, engagement, and clinical outcomes.

Introduction: Hispanic/Latinx (hereafter Hispanic) individuals who smoke have challenges in quitting and a disproportionate risk of smoking-related health problems when compared to the general population. The smoking inequalities among the Hispanic population are influenced by limited treatment access and chronic stress exposure (e.g.

Rhythm is essential: Unraveling the relation between the circadian clock and cancer.

Physiological processes such as the sleep-wake cycle, metabolism, hormone secretion, neurotransmitter release, sensory capabilities, and a variety of behaviors, including sleep, are controlled by a circadian rhythm adapted to 24-hour day-night periodicity. Disruption of circadian rhythm may lead to the risks of numerous diseases, including cancers. Several epidemiological and clinical data reveal a connection between the disruption of circadian rhythms and cancer.

The Full Range of Weight Status by Race and Ethnicity in Children with and without Autism: A Cross-sectional Study of US Children.

Objective: To identify and characterize how race and ethnicity influence the relationship between autism and weight status, across all categories of weight from underweight to severe obesity.

Study Design: We developed a propensity score-matched cross-sectional dataset of children with and without parent-reported autism in the National Survey of Children Health (NSCH, 2016-2022) and Adolescent Brain and Cognition Development Study (ABCD, 2016-2018). We included non-Hispanic Asian, non-Hispanic Black, non-Hispanic White, and Hispanic children aged 6 to 17 years.

Cytoplasmic expression of trans-active response DNA-binding protein-43 in aged mice display hippocampal sclerosis-like degeneration and neuronal loss with reduced lifespan.

Trans-active response DNA-binding protein-43 (TDP-43) is the major pathological protein in motor neuron disease and TDP-43 pathology has been described in the brains of up to 50% of patients with Alzheimer disease (AD). Hippocampal sclerosis of aging (HS-A), an age-related neuropathology characterized by severe neuronal loss and gliosis in CA1 and/or subiculum, is found in ∼80% of cases that are positive for phosphorylated TDP-43. HS-A is seen as a co-pathology in cases with AD, limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy neuropathologic changes (LATE-NC), and frontotemporal degeneration.

Characterizing the relationship between personality dimensions and psychosis-specific clinical characteristics.

Background: Past studies associating personality with psychosis have been limited by small nonclinical samples and a focus on general symptom burden. This study uses a large clinical sample to examine personality's relationship with psychosis-specific features and compare personality dimensions across clinically and neurobiologically defined categories of psychoses.

Methods: A total of 1352 participants with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and bipolar with psychosis, as well as 623 healthy controls (HC), drawn from the Bipolar-Schizophrenia Network for Intermediate Phenotypes (BSNIP-2) study, were included.

The spatial landscape of cancer hallmarks reveals patterns of tumor ecological dynamics and drug sensitivity.

Tumors are complex ecosystems of interacting cell types. The concept of cancer hallmarks distills this complexity into underlying principles that govern tumor growth. Here, we explore the spatial distribution of cancer hallmarks across 63 primary untreated tumors from 10 cancer types using spatial transcriptomics.

Revolutionizing acute myeloid leukemia treatment: a systematic review of immune-based therapies.

The established protocol for the management of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has traditionally involved the administration of induction chemotherapy, followed by consolidation chemotherapy, and subsequent allogeneic stem cell transplantation for eligible patients. However, the prognosis for individuals with relapsed and refractory AML remains unfavorable. In response to the necessity for more efficacious therapeutic modalities, targeted immunotherapy has emerged as a promising advancement in AML treatment.

Encorafenib, cetuximab and chemotherapy in BRAF-mutant colorectal cancer: a randomized phase 3 trial.

Encorafenib + cetuximab (EC) is approved for previously treated BRAF V600E-mutant metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) based on the BEACON phase 3 study. Historically, first-line treatment of BRAF V600E-mutant mCRC with chemotherapy regimens has had limited efficacy. The phase 3 BREAKWATER study investigated EC+mFOLFOX6 versus standard of care (SOC) in patients with previously untreated BRAF V600E mCRC.

Clinically Meaningful Upstaging and Upgrading in Favorable Intermediate-Risk Radical Prostatectomy Patients.

Introduction: In NCCN favorable intermediate-risk (FIR) prostate cancer (PCa) patients treated with radical prostatectomy (RP), we tested the effect of upstaging and upgrading on cancer-specific mortality (CSM).

Methods: Within the SEER database (2010-2021), upstaging (≥pT3a or pN1) and upgrading (ISUP ≥3) rates in FIR RP patients were tabulated. Kaplan-Meier (KM) plots and multivariable Cox-regression models (CRMs) were fitted.

Assessing the performance of ChatGPT in medical ethical decision-making: a comparative study with USMLE-based scenarios.

Introduction: The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into healthcare introduces innovative possibilities but raises ethical, legal and professional concerns. Assessing the performance of AI in core components of the United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE), such as communication skills, ethics, empathy and professionalism, is crucial. This study evaluates how well ChatGPT versions 3.

Imaging of Acute Pulmonary Embolism: An Update.

Imaging is essential in the evaluation and management of acute pulmonary embolism. Advances in multi-energy CT including dual-energy CT and photon-counting CT have allowed faster scans with lower radiation dose and optimal quality. Artificial intelligence has a potential role in triaging potentially positive examinations and could serve as a second reader.

Ultra-processed food consumption and risk of dementia and Alzheimer's disease: The Framingham Heart Study.

Background: Ultra-processed food consumption is emerging as a risk factor for various cardiometabolic diseases, however its association with dementia and Alzheimer's disease has rarely been explored.

Objectives: We sought to examine whether ultra-processed food consumption is associated with risk of all-cause dementia and Alzheimer's disease among middle-age and older adults.

Design: A prospective cohort study.

High definition transcranial direct current stimulation as an intervention for cognitive deficits in Alzheimer's dementia: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: Recent disease-modifying treatments for Alzheimer's disease show promise to slow cognitive decline, but show no efficacy towards reducing symptoms already manifested.

Objectives: To investigate the efficacy of a novel noninvasive brain stimulation technique in modulating cognitive functioning in Alzheimer's dementia (AD).

Design: Pilot, randomized, double-blind, parallel, sham-controlled study SETTING: Clinical research site at UT Southwestern Medical Center PARTICIPANTS: Twenty-five participants with clinical diagnoses of AD were enrolled from cognition specialty clinics.

Metabolic profiles of cutaneous lupus have abnormalities in the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide pathway.

Objective: Metabolic reprogramming plays a critical role in modulating the innate and adaptive immune response, but its role in cutaneous autoimmune diseases, such as cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE), is less well studied. An improved understanding of the metabolic pathways dysregulated in CLE may lead to novel treatment options, biomarkers and insights into disease pathogenesis. The objective was to compare metabolomic profiles in the skin and sera of CLE and control patients using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS).

Urine proteomics defines an immune checkpoint-associated nephritis signature.

Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy is a cornerstone treatment for many cancers, but it can induce severe immunotoxicity, including acute interstitial nephritis (AIN). Currently, kidney biopsy is required to differentiate ICI-AIN from other causes of acute kidney injury (AKI). However, this invasive approach can lead to morbidity, delayed glucocorticoid treatment for patients with AIN, and unnecessarily prolonged suspension of ICI therapy in non-AIN patients.

Arterial Stiffness and Subsequent Incidence of CKD and Kidney Function Decline in a Large Longitudinal Community Cohort: The Atherosclerosis in Communities (ARIC) Study.

Rationale & Objective: Arterial stiffness is associated with prevalent chronic kidney disease (CKD). Whether arterial stiffness is prospectively associated with incident CKD is inconclusive.

Study Design: Longitudinal cohort study.

Semantic Memory Space Becomes Denser with Age.

Semantic memory, a repository for concepts and factual information, plays a vital role in acquiring and retrieving knowledge. This study explores the impact of age-related knowledge accumulation on semantic cognition, investigating whether a denser representational space affects retrieval processes. Using a semantic feature verification task, we employ both behavioral (reaction time; RT) and neurophysiological (event-related potential; ERP) measures to explore these dynamics across young and older adults.

Contemporary Approach to the Diagnosis and Classification of Intestinal T-cell Lymphomas.

We provide an overview of recent advances in the diagnosis and classification of intestinal T- and NK-cell lymphomas and lymphoproliferative disorders that primarily involve the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. It should be mentioned that systemic T- and NK-cell lymphomas can present initially in the GI tract but are not the focus of this review. Here, we focus on the clinical and pathologic findings of enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma, monomorphic epitheliotropic intestinal T-cell lymphoma, intestinal T-cell lymphoma not otherwise specified, indolent T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder of the GI tract and indolent NK-cell lymphoproliferative disorder of the GI tract (previously known as NK-cell enteropathy).