Insect Allergy: Barriers in Training and Practice: A Work Group Report of the AAAAI Anaphylaxis Committee.

Background: The evaluation and management of insect sting allergy is a complex core competency taught in Allergy and Immunology fellowship programs. It is unclear if current training on insect allergy is sufficient to meet the needs of the field, and what training barriers exist.

Objective: To investigate the extent of training on stinging insect allergy, and factors currently impacting stinging insect allergy clinical practice through a pilot needs-assessment survey.

Outcomes of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Patients Aged 70 Years and Older: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) is a potential cure for many hematological malignancies. Historically, older adults were not considered eligible for allo-HCT due to increased toxicity and mortality concerns. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to explore the outcomes of allo-HCT in patients aged 70 years or older.

Overcoming CD226-related immune evasion in acute myeloid leukemia with CD38 CAR-engineered NK cells.

CD226 plays a vital role in natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity, interacting with its ligands CD112 and CD155 to initiate immune synapse formation, primarily through leukocyte function-associated-1 (LFA-1). Our study examined the role of CD226 in NK cell surveillance of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). NK cells in patients with AML had lower expression of CD226.

Evidence for microbially-mediated tradeoffs between growth and defense throughout coral evolution.

Background: Evolutionary tradeoffs between life-history strategies are important in animal evolution. Because microbes can influence multiple aspects of host physiology, including growth rate and susceptibility to disease or stress, changes in animal-microbial symbioses have the potential to mediate life-history tradeoffs. Scleractinian corals provide a biodiverse, data-rich, and ecologically-relevant host system to explore this idea.

In vitro activity of cefepime-tazobactam against oxyimino cephalosporin-resistant clinical isolates of E. coli: exploring a potential carbapenem-sparing strategy.

Cefepime-tazobactam (FEP-TAZ) consists of cefepime combined with tazobactam, a penicillanic acid-sulfone recognized as an established beta-lactamase inhibitor. This study aims to investigate the in-vitro effectiveness of FEP-TAZ against cefepime-resistant clinical isolates of Escherichia coli (E. coli).

Novel Inherited N-terminus TAP1 Variants and Severe Clinical Manifestations- Are Genotype-Phenotype Correlations Emerging?

Major histocompatibility complex class I deficiency results from deleterious biallelic variants in TAP1, TAP2, TAPBP, and B2M genes. Only a few patients with variant-curated TAP1 deficiency (TAP1D) have been reported in the literature and the clinical phenotype has been variable with an emphasis on autoimmune and inflammatory complications. We report TAP1D in a Nepalese girl with a severe clinical phenotype with serious viral infections at a very young age.

Basic Science and Pathogenesis.

Background: Heparan sulfate (HS) interacts with many important proteins. These interactions are primarily driven by electrostatics, with specificity determined by sulfation patterns. Although 3-O-sulfation is a rare modification in HS, several genome-wide association studies (GWAS) revealed that the Hs3st1 gene, encoding HS-3-O-sulfotransferase-1, is significantly linked to late onset AD risk.

Basic Science and Pathogenesis.

Background: Tau accumulation, a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease, fuels cognitive decline and neuronal death. Our team identified FKBP51, a stabilizer of neurotoxic tau oligomers. Notably, FKBP51 levels increase with age and further in AD brains, where it is found associated with pathological tau.

Basic Science and Pathogenesis.

Background: A recent study of familial Alzheimer's disease identified a mutation in the RELN gene that appeared to delay the onset of dementia. It was hypothesized that this RELN-COLBOS variant protected against dementia by enhanced signaling at reelin receptors. We previously developed a secreted, bio-active reelin fragment (R36) and packaged it into AAV.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: Prior longitudinal studies among older adults have documented associations between hearing loss and changes in brain morphology. Whether interventions involving hearing aids can reduce age-related atrophy is unknown. A substudy within the Aging and Cognitive Health Evaluation in Elders (ACHIEVE, Clinicaltrials.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: We examined racial differences between measures of limbic white matter tracts and objective sleep parameters in cognitively unimpaired older-adults.

Method: This cross-sectional study included 170 community-dwelling cognitively unimpaired older-adults (mean±SD: age = 67.2±5.

Comorbid conditions and survival among Black women with ovarian cancer.

Background: Black women with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) have worse survival and a higher burden of comorbid conditions compared with other racial groups. This study examines the association of comorbid conditions and medication use for these conditions with survival among Black women with EOC.

Methods: In a prospective study of 592 Black women with EOC, the Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) based on self-reported data, three cardiometabolic comorbidities (type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia), and medication use for each cardiometabolic comorbidity were evaluated.

Homogeneous boiling over melting ice.

We report on discovering the homogeneous boiling within a liquid film residual resting in equilibrium over a melting ice block. This phenomenon was induced via longwave infrared radiation generated by a continuous wave [Formula: see text] laser. This investigation employed a high-speed camera and the Schlieren visualization technique.

Single GAF domain phytochrome exhibits a pH-dependent shunt on the millisecond timescale.

The light-sensing activity of phytochromes is based on the reversible light-induced switching between two isomerization states of the bilin chromophore. These photo-transformations may not necessarily be only unidirectional, but could potentially branch back to the initial ground state in a thermally driven process termed shunt. Such shunts have been rarely reported, and thus our understanding of this process and its governing factors are limited.

Comparison of umbilical artery pulsatility index reference ranges.

Objective: To compare the accuracy of four published reference standards for the umbilical artery pulsatility index (UA-PI) in predicting small-for-gestational age (SGA), adverse neonatal outcomes and obstetric complications in pregnancies at risk for fetal growth restriction.

Methods: This was a secondary analysis of a prospective study of singleton pregnancies that underwent fetal growth assessment by ultrasound between 26 and 36 weeks' gestation. Pregnancies with estimated fetal weight or abdominal circumference < 20 percentile with UA-PI measurements available were included.