Multi-season survey of ixodid tick species collected from domestic dogs in Chad, Africa.

Ticks are medically important vectors of pathogens, many of which are zoonotic or impact domestic animal and/or wildlife health. Climate change, landuse modifications, and increasing interactions between domestic animals, wildlife, and humans have resulted in changes in tick-host dynamics and the emergence of novel pathogens worldwide. Therefore, describing the host and geographic ranges of vector species is essential in assessing disease risk, especially in understudied areas, and should be conducted in a One Health context.

Integrating and Assessing Entrustable Professional Activities in PharmD Curricula.

Objectives: The 2022 Curriculum Outcomes and Entrustable Professional Activities (COEPA) include an updated set of entrustable professional activities (EPAs) for PharmD graduates. To assist pharmacy educators with the integration and assessment of EPAs, the objective of this work was to review and synthesize 1) approaches to integrate EPAs in health professions curricula 2) strategies for EPA-related assessments and entrustment in health professions curricula and 3) challenges and research needs for integrating EPAs in assessment frameworks in PharmD curricula FINDINGS: A literature review resulted in 114 articles identified as having relevance with 33 articles specific to pharmacy education. There are multiple components of an effective EPA integration and assessment plan, including administrative leadership, determination of programmatic EPAs with comprehensive descriptions, selection of an entrustment-supervision scale, identification of EPA-based assessments, EPA mapping, data management, and training and development.

IMPORTANCE AND URGENCY OF TREATMENT AND PREVENTION STRATEGIES OF COMPLICATIONS IN ORTHODONTIC PATIENTS - LITERATURE REVIEW.

During orthodontic treatment patients' oral condition changes, thus influencing the overall health. Therefore, the treatment approaches require regular revision and updates to new guidelines. This literature review aims to analyse the oral health status in orthodontic patients focusing on the importance and urgency of treatment, preventive approaches to complications, and effects of the appliances on the oral biome.

Human Neural Stem Cell Therapy for Traumatic Brain Injury-A Systematic Review of Pre-Clinical Studies.

Human neural stem cells (hNSCs) possess significant therapeutic potential for the treatment of traumatic brain injury (TBI), a leading cause of global death and disability. Recent pre-clinical studies have shown that hNSCs reduce tissue damage and promote functional recovery through neuroprotective and regenerative signaling and cell replacement. Yet the overall efficacy of hNSCs for TBI indications remains unclear.

Kalamari: a representative set of genomes of public health concern.

Kalamari is a resource that supports genomic epidemiology and pathogen surveillance. It consists of representative genomes and common contaminants. Kalamari also contains a custom taxonomy and software for downloading and formatting the data.

Associations Between Ambient PM and Thyroid Hormones in Pregnant Persons in Puerto Rico.

Introduction: This study investigates associations between fine particulate air pollution (PM) exposure and thyroid hormone levels during pregnancy in Puerto Rican individuals, a vulnerable population facing socioeconomic and environmental disparities.

Methods: This research draws on data from the PROTECT cohort study and involves 1040 participants to measure the effect of PM on developmentally important thyroid hormones (TSH, T3, T4, and FT4). Pollution concentrations were linked to participant locations using EPA air quality data and analyzed across two visits during gestational weeks 16-20 and 24-28.

Exposure to Subclinical Doses of Fumonisins, Deoxynivalenol, and Zearalenone Affects Immune Response, Amino Acid Digestibility, and Intestinal Morphology in Broiler Chickens.

Fusarium mycotoxins often co-occur in broiler feed, and their presence negatively impacts health even at subclinical concentrations, so there is a need to identify the concentrations of these toxins that do not adversely affect chickens health and performance. The study was conducted to evaluate the least toxic effects of combined mycotoxins fumonisins (FUM), deoxynivalenol (DON), and zearalenone (ZEA) on the production performance, immune response, intestinal morphology, and nutrient digestibility of broiler chickens. A total of 960 one-day-old broilers were distributed into eight dietary treatments: T1 (Control); T2: 33.

Early Biomarkers for Detecting Subclinical Exposure to Fumonisin B1, Deoxynivalenol, and Zearalenone in Broiler Chickens.

Identifying biomarkers of mycotoxin effects in chickens will provide an opportunity for early intervention to reduce the impact of mycotoxicosis. This study aimed to identify whether serum enzyme concentrations, gut integrity, and liver miRNAs can be potential biomarkers for fumonisin B1 (FB1), deoxynivalenol (DON), and zearalenone (ZEA) toxicity in broiler birds as early as 14 days after exposure. A total of 720 male broiler chicks were distributed to six treatment groups: T1: control group (basal diet), T2 (2 FB1 + 2.

An Enigmatic Wild Passerine Mortality Event in the Eastern United States.

The ability to rapidly respond to wildlife health events is essential. However, such events are often unpredictable, especially with anthropogenic disturbances and climate-related environmental changes driving unforeseen threats. Many events also are short-lived and go undocumented, making it difficult to draw on lessons learned from past investigations.

Development of an Alternative Protocol to Study Muscle Fatigue.

When measuring real-time in vivo muscle fatigue with electromyography (), data collection can be compromised by premature sensor removal or environmental noise; therefore, the objective of this study was to develop a postmortem in vivo methodology to induce muscle fatigue and measure it using EMG. Barrows ( = 20) were stratified by weight and randomly allocated into one of two treatments. The treatments consisted of barrows being subjected to a hog electric stunner super-contraction cycle () or not () postmortem.

Effects of Nicotinamide Riboside Supplementation on Postmortem Mitochondrial Functionality and Apoptotic Activation.

Background/objectives: Early postmortem mitochondrial function and apoptotic activation affect meat quality development. Nicotinamide riboside (NR) supplementation to pigs prior to harvest can improve pork color stability, but its mechanism remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of NR supplementation on early postmortem mitochondrial functionality and apoptosis.

Digital Financial Literacy and Life Satisfaction: Evidence from South Korea.

Digital financial literacy is an emerging concept that refers to the ability to effectively use digital tools, platforms, and services to manage personal finances. While previous studies have explored the behavioral effects of digital financial literacy, less is known about its broader well-being implications for financial consumers. In this study, we aim to examine the association between digital financial literacy and life satisfaction in a developed country context.

Narrative Review and Guide: State of the Art and Emerging Opportunities of Bioprinting in Tissue Regeneration and Medical Instrumentation.

Three-dimensional printing was introduced in the 1980s, though bioprinting started developing a few years later. Today, 3D bioprinting is making inroads in medical fields, including the production of biomedical supplies intended for internal use, such as biodegradable staples. Medical bioprinting enables versatility and flexibility on demand and is able to modify and individualize production using several established printing methods.

Evaluating accuracy and reproducibility of large language model performance on critical care assessments in pharmacy education.

Background: Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance on medical licensing and diagnosis-related exams. However, comparative evaluations to optimize LLM performance and ability in the domain of comprehensive medication management (CMM) are lacking. The purpose of this evaluation was to test various LLMs performance optimization strategies and performance on critical care pharmacotherapy questions used in the assessment of Doctor of Pharmacy students.

Pyrrocidines A and B demonstrate synergistic inhibition of growth.

-a mycotoxigenic fungus and food safety threat-coinhabits maize kernels with . This protective endophyte produces secondary metabolites of interest, pyrrocidines A and B, which inhibit the growth of and specifically block fumonisin biosynthesis. Previous transcriptomic analyses found (FVEG_00314), a gene adjacent to the fumonisin biosynthetic gene cluster, to be induced over 4,000-fold in response to pyrrocidine challenge.

Conquering acceptability: A study of stakeholder inclusion practices in evaluation processes in francophone West African Countries.

Evaluation practices in the French-speaking countries of the West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU) are poorly understood and infrequently documented. Our study is a descriptive analysis that elucidates how stakeholders are conceptualized and involved in evaluation processes in WAEMU. In these countries, evaluators are concerned about the weak stakeholder involvement in evaluation activity and call for greater stakeholder engagement, juxtaposed to the challenges of doing so.

The impact of anions on electrooxidation of perfluoroalkyl acids by porous Magnéli phase titanium suboxide anodes.

Previous studies have indicated the great performance of electrooxidation (EO) to mineralize per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in water, but different anions presented in wastewater may affect the implementation of EO treatment in field applications. This study invetigated EO treatment of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), two representative perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs), using porous Magnéli phase titanium suboxide anodes in electrolyte solutions with different anions present, including NO3-, SO42-, CO32- and PO43-. The experiment results indicate that CO32- enhanced PFAS degradation, while NO3- suppressed the degradation reactions with its concentration higher than 10 mM.

Jan and mini-Jan, a model system for potato functional genomics.

Potato (Solanum tuberosum) is the third-most important food crop in the world. Although the potato genome has been fully sequenced, functional genomics research of potato lags behind that of other major food crops, largely due to the lack of a model experimental potato line. Here, we present a diploid potato line, 'Jan,' which possesses all essential characteristics for facile functional genomics studies.

Biomimetic 3D Prototyping of Hierarchically Porous Multilayered Membranes for Enhanced Oil-Water Filtration.

This study introduces a biomimetic approach to 3D printing multilayered hierarchical porous membranes (MHMs) using Direct Ink Writing (DIW) technology. Fabricated through a fast layer-by-layer printing process with varying concentrations of pore-forming agents, the produced MHMs mimic the hierarchical pore structure and filtration capabilities of natural soil systems. As a result, the 3D-printed MHMs achieved an impressive oil rejection rate of 99.

A rhamnose-rich O-antigen of MP20 is required for symbiosis with .

a β-proteobacterium, forms a nitrogen-fixing symbiosis with many species of the large legume genus as well as with common bean ( L.). are considered to have evolved nodulation independently from the well-studied α-proteobacteria symbionts of legumes.

Two Clinically Implementable Digital PCR Assessments of DNA Methylation for Diagnosing Heavy Alcohol Consumption.

Background: Heavy alcohol consumption (HAC) has a profound adverse effect on human health. Unfortunately, there is a relative lack of tools that are easily implementable in clinical settings and that can be used to supplement self-reporting in the diagnosis and management of HAC. In part, this paucity is due to limitations of currently available biological measures and a mismatch between available biological measures and the needs of clinicians managing HAC.

Exploring the presence and roles of humility when experiencing situations of uncertainty.

Background: Uncertainty is a pervasive challenge in clinical practice. Whereas the importance of humility in navigating uncertainty has been discussed, empirical research on how humility is practiced or expressed (i.e.

Understanding the impacts of drought on peanuts L.): exploring physio-genetic mechanisms to develop drought-resilient peanut cultivars.

Peanut is a vital source of protein, particularly in the tropical regions of Asian and African countries. About three-quarters of peanut production occurs worldwide in arid and semi-arid regions, making drought an important concern in peanut production. In the US about two-thirds of peanuts are grown in non-irrigated lands, where drought accounts for 50 million USD loss each year.

A STAND-ALONE TOOL FOR MOSQUITO EGG ENUMERATION.

Accurate enumeration of mosquito eggs is crucial for various entomologic studies, including investigations into mosquito fecundity, life history traits, and vector control strategies. Traditional manual counting methods are labor intensive and prone to human error, highlighting the need for automated systems. This study presents a stand-alone automated mosquito egg counting system using a Raspberry Pi computer, high-quality camera, light-emitting diode ring light source, and a Python script leveraging the Open Source Computer Vision library.

Thermal variation influences the transcriptome of the major malaria vector Anopheles stephensi.

The distribution and abundance of ectothermic mosquitoes are strongly affected by temperature, but mechanisms remain unexplored. We describe the effect of temperature on the transcriptome of Anopheles stephensi, an invasive vector of human malaria. Adult females were maintained across a range of mean temperatures (20 °C, 24 °C and 28 °C), with daily fluctuations of +5 °C and -4 °C at each mean temperature.