Depressive Symptoms and Amyloid Pathology.

Importance: Depressive symptoms are associated with cognitive decline in older individuals. Uncertainty about underlying mechanisms hampers diagnostic and therapeutic efforts. This large-scale study aimed to elucidate the association between depressive symptoms and amyloid pathology.

Gasdermin D (GSDM D) as a Potential Diagnostic Biomarker in Bladder Cancer: New Perspectives in Detection.

Background: Traditional methods of bladder cancer (BC) diagnosis include clinical examination, imaging, urine tests, cystoscopy, and biopsy. Due to the complexity of detection, diagnostic markers of bladder cancer measured in blood are still being sought. The pathogenesis of BC is complex and depends on many factors.

The impact of prediabetes on preclinical atherosclerosis in general apparently healthy population: A cross-sectional study.

Background: The hypothesis that not only diagnosed diabetes (DM), but also milder dysglycemia may affect the development of atherosclerosis still requires further study. In our population-based study, we aimed to evaluate the impact of prediabetic state on preclinical atherosclerosis and whether it may affect the cardiovascular risk (CVR) in the general population.

Methods: The analysis was a part of the Bialystok PLUS cohort study and represented a random sample of Bialystok (Poland) residents aged 20-79 years at the time of sampling (July 2017-January 2023).

A psychosocial bouldering intervention improves the well-being of young refugees and adolescents from the host community in Lebanon: results from a pragmatic controlled trial.

Background: Mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS) is increasingly considered vital for addressing the needs of displaced communities. The mental health of young people in Lebanon, including members of the host community and refugees, has been severely affected by multiple crises. Physical activity (PA) is an effective means for enhancing mental health, but evidence of PA's impact on mental health among forcibly displaced populations is still emerging and often varies widely across studies.

Plasma p-tau212: antemortem diagnostic performance and prediction of autopsy verification of Alzheimer's disease neuropathology.

Blood phosphorylated tau (p-tau) biomarkers, including p-tau217, show high associations with Alzheimer's disease (AD) neuropathologic change and clinical stage. Certain plasma p-tau217 assays recognize tau forms phosphorylated additionally at threonine-212, but the contribution of p-tau212 alone to AD is unknown. We developed a blood-based immunoassay that is specific to p-tau212 without cross-reactivity to p-tau217.

Long-term effects of COVID-19 on the endocrine system - a pilot case-control study.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has permanently changed the world. Despite having been a pandemic for nearly 3 years, the mid- and long-term complications of this disease, including endocrine disorders, remain unclear. Our study aimed to evaluate the lasting effects of COVID-19 on the endocrine system 6 months after initial infection.

Reconceptualization of the Erlangen Score for the Assessment of Dementia Risk: The ERlangen Score.

Background: The established Erlangen Score (ES) for the interpretation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers in the diagnostics of Alzheimer's disease (AD) uses markers of amyloidopathy and tauopathy, equally weighted to form an easy-interpretable ordinal scale. However, these biomarkers are not equally predictive for AD.

Objective: The higher weighting of the Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio, as a reconceptualized ERlangen Score (ERS), was tested for advantages in diagnostic performance.

The Significance of CXCL1 and CXCR1 as Potential Biomarkers of Colorectal Cancer.

The CXCL1/CXCR2 and CXCL8-CXCR1/CXCR2 axes are under intensive investigation as they appear to regulate the progression and invasion of colorectal cancer (CRC). Growing evidence demonstrates the elevated expression of these proteins in CRC. However, a majority of relevant studies have been performed on CRC tissues using immunohistochemical techniques.

Cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers for cerebral amyloid angiopathy.

Integrating cerebrospinal fluid-biomarkers into diagnostic workup of patients with sporadic cerebral amyloid angiopathy may support early and correct identification. We aimed to identify and validate clinical- and cerebrospinal fluid-biomarkers for diagnosis of cerebral amyloid angiopathy. This observational cohort study screened 2795 consecutive patients admitted for cognitive complaints to the academic departments of neurology and psychiatry over a 10-year period (2009-2018).

Alzheimer's Disease-Biochemical and Psychological Background for Diagnosis and Treatment.

There is a paucity of empirical research on the use of non-pharmacological interventions to both treat and curb the spread of Alzheimer's disease (AD) across the globe. This paper examines the biochemical and clinical outlook and the social implications of the condition in relation to psychological aspects that may indicate a direction for further interventions. There is a scarcity of research on the effectiveness of using various psychological aspects of AD, a disease characterized by a process of transition from health and independence to a dependent state with a progressive loss of memory and functional skills.

Patient's Perspective of Telemedicine in Poland-A Two-Year Pandemic Picture.

The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic caused the healthcare system to drastically reduce in-person visits and suddenly switch to telemedicine services to provide clinical care to patients. The implementation of teleconsultation in medical facilities was a novelty for most Polish patients. In Poland, the main telehealth services were provided in the form of telephone consultations.

Biomarkers of Activity-Dependent Plasticity and Persistent Enhancement of Synaptic Transmission in Alzheimer Disease: A Review of the Current Status.

Alzheimer disease (AD) is a chronic and heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorder characterized by complex pathological processes involving neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, and synaptic dysfunction. Understanding the exact neurobiological mechanisms underlying AD pathology may help to provide a biomarker for early diagnosis or at least for assessment of vulnerability to dementia development. Neural plasticity is defined as a capability of the brain to respond to alterations including aging, injury, or learning, with a crucial role of synaptic elements.

Disentangling the relationship of subjective cognitive decline and depressive symptoms in the development of cognitive decline and dementia.

Introduction: Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and depressive symptoms (DS) frequently co-occur prior to dementia. However, the temporal sequence of their emergence and their combined prognostic value for cognitive decline and dementia is unclear.

Methods: Temporal relationships of SCD, DS and memory decline were examined by latent difference score modeling in a high-aged, population-based cohort (N = 3217) and validated using Cox-regression of dementia-conversion.

Amyloid-β levels and cognitive trajectories in non-demented pTau181-positive subjects without amyloidopathy.

Phosphorylated Tau181 (pTau181) in CSF and recently in plasma has been associated with Alzheimer's disease. In the absence of amyloidopathy, individuals with increased total Tau levels and/or temporal lobe atrophy experience no or only mild cognitive decline compared with biomarker-negative controls, leading to the proposal to categorize this constellation as suspected non-Alzheimer's disease pathophysiology (SNAP). We investigated whether the characteristics of SNAP also applied to individuals with increased CSF-pTau181 without amyloidopathy.

Development of an extensive workflow for comprehensive clinical pharmacogenomic profiling: lessons from a pilot study on 100 whole exome sequencing data.

This pilot study is aimed at implementing an approach for comprehensive clinical pharmacogenomics (PGx) profiling. Fifty patients with cardiovascular diseases and 50 healthy individuals underwent whole-exome sequencing. Data on 1800 PGx genes were extracted and analyzed through deep filtration separately.

A Comparison of Operational Definitions for Mild Cognitive Impairment.

Background: Consideration of many tests from different cognitive domains in defining mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is clinical routine, but guidelines for a neuropsychological operationalization of MCI are lacking.

Objective: Among different operational MCI criteria, to identify those which are best in predicting either conversion to dementia, or a biomarker profile indicative for Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Methods: Memory clinic patients without dementia (N = 558; mean age = 66; up to 3 years of follow-up; n = 360 with baseline CSF biomarkers) were included in an observational study using most liberal criteria of cognitive impairment.

Trained Immunity as a Trigger for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease-A Literature Review.

Atherosclerosis remains the leading cause of cardiovascular diseases and represents a primary public health challenge. This chronic state may lead to a number of life-threatening conditions, such as myocardial infarction and stroke. Lipid metabolism alterations and inflammation remain at the forefront of the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, but the overall mechanism is not yet fully understood.

COVID-19 pandemic influence on self-reported health status and well-being in a society.

To assess the frequency of persisting symptoms after SARS-CoV-2 infection and assessment of the effects of COVID-19 pandemic on selected parameters of self-reported health status and well-being half a year after the disease. The study population consisted of 3 groups: post-COVID-19 group I-172 patients; group II-172 patients with chronic disease, who have not suffered from COVID-19; group III-81 patients from a population study cohort-Bialystok PLUS. A standardized interview questionnaire was used to collect data in the three groups using the CATI (computer assisted telephone interviewing) technique.

A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase (ADAM) Family-Novel Biomarkers of Selected Gastrointestinal (GI) Malignancies?

The global burden of gastrointestinal (GI) cancers is expected to increase. Therefore, it is vital that novel biomarkers useful for the early diagnosis of these malignancies are established. A growing body of data has linked secretion of proteolytic enzymes, such as metalloproteinases (MMPs), which destroy the extracellular matrix, to pathogenesis of GI tumours.

Analysis of Clinical Course and Vaccination Influence on Serological Response in COVID-19 Convalescents.

Our goal was to assess the anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies presence in COVID-19 convalescents and assess the differences in anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies production regarding the disease severity, sex, vaccination, and assess the correlation between anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies production and inflammatory parameters. Three hundred twenty-two COVID-19 patients (282 hospitalized and 40 patients with oligosymptomatic COVID-19 isolated at homes) were included in the study. Blood was taken at 4 time points: during hospitalization, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months.