Gut mycobiota dysbiosis in drug-naïve, first-episode schizophrenia.

Bacterial dysbiosis has been demonstrated in patients with schizophrenia (SCH). The aim of the present study was to investigate alterations in mycobiota composition and fungi-bacteria correlation network in drug-naïve, first episode SCH. We recruited 205 SCH patients and 125 healthy controls (HCs), whose gut bacterial and fungal compositions were characterized by 16S and 18S ribosomal RNA gene amplicon sequencing, respectively.

Management of Gynecomastia and Male Benign Diseases.

Gynecomastia is a common benign breast disease involving abnormally increased mammary gland tissue that can affect men of all ages. It is usually due to a hormonal imbalance without a definitive underlying cause (idiopathic), or secondary to medications/drugs, systemic disorders, or malignancy. Gynecomastia is often self-limiting, and its management is watchful waiting.

Metformin increases natural killer cell functions in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma through CXCL1 inhibition.

Background: Metformin slows tumor growth and progression in vitro, and in combination with chemoradiotherapy, resulted in high overall survival in patients with head and neck cancer squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) in our phase 1 clinical trial (NCT02325401). Metformin is also postulated to activate an antitumor immune response. Here, we investigate immunologic effects of metformin on natural killer (NK) and natural killer T cells, including results from two phase I open-label studies in patients with HNSCC treated with metformin (NCT02325401, NCT02083692).

Non-Invasive and Mechanism-Based Molecular Assessment of Endometrial Receptivity During the Window of Implantation: Current Concepts and Future Prospective Testing Directions.

Suboptimal endometrial receptivity and altered embryo-endometrial crosstalk account for approximately two-thirds of human implantation failures. Current tests of the window of implantation, such as endometrial thickness measurements and the endometrial receptivity assay, do not consistently improve clinical outcomes as measured by live birth rates. Understanding the mechanisms regulating the endometrial receptivity during the window of implantation is a critical step toward developing clinically meaningful tests.

Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Programs in Radiology: Data-Driven Strategies for Success, From the Special Series on DEI.

Radiology practices nationwide have implemented diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) programs seeking to change the landscape of a field traditionally dominated by White men. However, measuring these programs' success is often challenging, and a lack of documented success may threaten such programs' ongoing growth. This article explores the application of metrics and overall concepts from the business world to assess the success of DEI programs in radiology practices.

EFSUMB Clinical Practice Guidelines for Point-of-Care Ultrasound: Part One (Common Heart and Pulmonary Applications) SHORT VERSION.

Objective:  To evaluate the evidence and produce a summary and recommendations for the most common heart and lung point-of-care ultrasound (PoCUS).

Methods:  We reviewed 10 clinical domains/questions related to common heart and lung applications of PoCUS. Following review of the evidence, a summary and recommendations were produced, including assigning levels of evidence (LoE) and grading of recommendation, assessment, development, and evaluation (GRADE).

Randomized Phase 3 Trial of Ruxolitinib for COVID-19-Associated Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.

Objectives: Evaluate the safety and efficacy of the Janus kinase (JAK)1/JAK2 inhibitor ruxolitinib in COVID-19-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome requiring mechanical ventilation.

Design: Phase 3 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial Ruxolitinib in Participants With COVID-19-Associated Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Who Require Mechanical Ventilation (RUXCOVID-DEVENT; NCT04377620).

Setting: Hospitals and community-based private or group practices in the United States (29 sites) and Russia (4 sites).

Post-graduate medical education in the time of COVID-19: Not a remotely simple task.

The COVID-19 pandemic has stimulated a rapid shift towards telemedicine, which has had tremendous repercussions on all domains of the healthcare ecosystem. The effects of the transition to telemedicine on post-graduate medical education and on patient care provided by trainees have not been fully elucidated. Focusing on the multifaceted scope of endocrinology teaching clinics, the experience garnered by endocrinology fellows, preceptors, and patients through the adoption of virtual visits has shed new light on relevant challenges that require specific attention.

The NALCN channel regulates metastasis and nonmalignant cell dissemination.

We identify the sodium leak channel non-selective protein (NALCN) as a key regulator of cancer metastasis and nonmalignant cell dissemination. Among 10,022 human cancers, NALCN loss-of-function mutations were enriched in gastric and colorectal cancers. Deletion of Nalcn from gastric, intestinal or pancreatic adenocarcinomas in mice did not alter tumor incidence, but markedly increased the number of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and metastases.

COVID-19 and the Transformation of Intensive Care Unit Telemedicine.

The concept of telecritical care has evolved over several decades. ICU Telemedicine providers using both the hub-and-spoke ICU telemedicine center and consultative service delivery models offered their services during the COVID-19 pandemic. Telemedicine center responses were more efficient, timely, and widely used than those of the consultative model.

Performance of Advanced Practice Providers compared with that of Physicians in Ultrasound-Guided Fine-Needle Aspiration of Thyroid Nodules and Superficial Neck Masses.

Advanced practice providers (APPs) perform ultrasound (US)-guided fine-needle aspiration (FNA) procedures for superficial neck lesions after appropriate training in some interventional radiology practices. This allows physicians additional time to be involved in more complex procedures. This report compared the performance between physicians and APPs.

Paving the way for universal medical student training in serious illness communication: the Massachusetts Medical Schools' Collaborative.

Background: Patients with serious illness look to their clinicians for discussion and guidance on high-stakes treatment decisions, which are complex, emotional and value-laden. However, required training in serious illness communication is rare in U.S.

Feasibility of At-Home Serial Testing Using Over-the-Counter SARS-CoV-2 Tests With a Digital Smartphone App for Assistance: Longitudinal Cohort Study.

Background: The ongoing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic necessitates the development of accurate, rapid, and affordable diagnostics to help curb disease transmission, morbidity, and mortality. Rapid antigen tests are important tools for scaling up testing for SARS-CoV-2; however, little is known about individuals' use of rapid antigen tests at home and how to facilitate the user experience.

Objective: This study aimed to describe the feasibility and acceptability of serial self-testing with rapid antigen tests for SARS-CoV-2, including need for assistance and the reliability of self-interpretation.