sp. nov., a non-infective non-nitrogen-fixing isolate from root nodules of Wall.

Strains CN4, CN6, CN7 and CNm7 were isolated from root nodules of from Murree in Pakistan. They do not form root nodules on nor on although they deformed root hairs of . The colonies are bright red-pigmented, the strains form hyphae and sporangia but no N-fixing vesicles and do not fix nitrogen .

sp. nov., isolated from root nodules of L.

strain Ag45/Mut15 was isolated from a root nodule of growing in a swamp at lake Grossensee, Germany. The strain forms root nodules on , in which it produces hyphae and clusters of N-fixing vesicles. N-fixing vesicles are also produced in nitrogen-free growth medium, in addition to hyphae and sporangia.

Carbonic Anhydrase Regulates Cytoplasmic pH of Nitrogen-Fixing Vesicles.

A phyloprofile of genomes was carried out to identify those genes present in symbiotic strains of clusters 1, 1c, 2 and 3 and absent in non-infective strains of cluster 4. At a threshold of 50% AA identity, 108 genes were retrieved. Among these were known symbiosis-associated genes such as (nitrogenase), and genes which are not know as symbiosis-associated genes such as (carbonic anhydrase, CAN).

ST1 and Paga Strains Cohabit in Olive Knots.

Two bacteria belonging to the and genera were isolated from olive knots. Both bacterial strains were omnipresent in this study's olive orchard with high susceptibility of the autochthonous olive genotypes indicating coevolution of bacteria with host plants. Genomes of two endemic bacteria show conserved core genomes and genome plasticity.

Actinomycetoma caused by : first reported case of human infection.

Bacteria of the genus are rarely involved in human infections. We report here the case of a 30-year-old man from Guinea Buissau with mycetoma of the foot. 16S DNA sequencing after surgical biopsy identified .

Genome Sequence of sp. Strain ST1, Isolated from Olive (Olea europaea L.) Knot Galls in Croatia.

We report the genome sequence of a sp. strain isolated from olive knot galls. The genome size is 6.

Whole-Genome Sequence of a sp. Strain Isolated from an Olive (Olea europaea L.) Knot.

Here, we present the total genome sequence of sp. strain paga, a plant-associated bacterium isolated from knots present on olive trees grown on the Adriatic Coast. The genome size of sp.

Comparative genomics and proteogenomics highlight key molecular players involved in Frankia sporulation.

Sporulation is a microbial adaptive strategy to resist inhospitable conditions for vegetative growth and to disperse to colonise more favourable environments. This microbial trait is widespread in Actinobacteria. Among them, Frankia strains are able to differentiate sporangia in pure culture, while others can sporulate even when in symbiosis with sporulation occurring within host cells.

Omics of the early molecular dialogue between Frankia alni and Alnus glutinosa and the cellulase synton.

The early Frankia-Alnus symbiotic molecular exchanges were analyzed in detail by protein and RNA omics. For this, Frankia cells were placed in the presence of Alnus roots but separated by a dialysis membrane for 64 h. The bacterial cells were then harvested and analyzed by high-throughput proteomics and transcriptomics (RNA-seq).

Frankia canadensis sp. nov., isolated from root nodules of Alnus incana subspecies rugosa.

Strain ARgP5, an actinobacterium isolated from a root nodule present on an Alnus incana subspecies rugosa shrub growing in Quebec City, Canada, was the subject of polyphasic taxonomic studies to clarify its status within the genus Frankia. 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities and ANI values between ARgP5 and type strains of species of the genus Frankiawith validly published names were 98.8 and 82 % or less, respectively.

Allocation strategies of savanna and forest tree seedlings in response to fire and shading: outcomes of a field experiment.

The forest-savanna ecotone may be very sharp in fire-prone areas. Fire and competition for light play key roles in its maintenance, as forest and savanna tree seedlings are quickly excluded from the other ecosystem. We hypothesized a tradeoff between seedling traits linked to fire resistance and to competition for light to explain these exclusions.

Proposal of a type strain for Frankia alni (Woronin 1866) Von Tubeuf 1895, emended description of Frankia alni, and recognition of Frankia casuarinae sp. nov. and Frankia elaeagni sp. nov.

Before the establishment of pure cultures, the species Frankia alni, 'Frankia casuarinae' and 'Frankia elaeagni' were proposed to encompass all causal agents of the nitrogen-fixing root nodules of dicotyledonous plants from the genera Alnus, Casuarina or Elaeagnus. The sole Frankia species with a validly published name, the type species F. alni, was described by Woronin (1866) as present in the root of alder.

Nocardia ninae sp. nov., isolated from a bronchial aspirate.

A Gram-positive and acid-fast filamentous bacterium (OFN 02.72(T)) was isolated from a bronchial aspirate from a 53-year-old patient. Chemotaxonomic data supported the affiliation of this organism to the genus Nocardia, and the phenotypic characteristics demonstrated that the strain differed from all previously described Nocardia species.

Streptomyces turgidiscabies and Streptomyces reticuliscabiei: one genomic species, two pathogenic groups.

Three strains of Streptomyces reticuliscabiei and two strains of Streptomyces turgidiscabies were analysed, together with reference and type strains of other Streptomyces species, for phenotypic traits, DNA-DNA relatedness, comparison of 16S rRNA gene sequences and presence of necrotic protein gene (nec1) homologues in order to clarify their phylogenetic relationships. A numerical analysis of phenotypic characteristics showed that S. reticuliscabiei and S.

Development of metagenomic DNA shuffling for the construction of a xenobiotic gene.

We describe a metagenomic DNA shuffling process by combining protein engineering process mutation generator and the high potential diversity of metagenomic DNA derived from the environment. Numerous previous shuffling processes attempted to recombine more or less related parental sequences. At the same time, metagenomic approaches unveiled a huge diversity of DNA sequences and genomes, which have not yet been identified to date.

Nocardia ignorata, a new agent of human nocardiosis isolated from respiratory specimens in Europe and soil samples from Kuwait.

Nocardia ignorata is a recently described species identified on the basis of a single isolate of unknown origin. Here we describe the epidemiological, phenotypic, and phylogenetic characteristics of this new species, based on five new clinical and soil isolates.

Effect of carbon and nitrogen input on the bacterial community structure of Neocaledonian nickel mine spoils.

Neocaledonian mine spoils are considered as an extreme environment because of their edaphic conditions, which are unfavourable for life. The principal characteristics of this soil are the high nickel content (20,000 ppm) and the very low carbon (0.2%) and nitrogen (0.

Burkholderia tropica sp. nov., a novel nitrogen-fixing, plant-associated bacterium.

In an ecological survey of nitrogen-fixing bacteria isolated from the rhizosphere and as endophytes of sugarcane, maize and teosinte plants in Brazil, Mexico and South Africa, a new phylogenetically homogeneous group of N(2)-fixing bacteria was identified within the genus Burkholderia. This polyphasic taxonomic study included microscopic and colony morphology, API 20NE tests and growth on different culture media at different pH and temperatures, as well as carbon source assimilation tests and whole-cell protein pattern analysis. Analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed 99.

Nocardia mexicana sp. nov., a new pathogen isolated from human mycetomas.

Three isolates collected from human mycetomas and showing an unusual brownish purple pigmentation on Bennett agar plates were analyzed by a polyphasic taxonomic approach, including morphological, biochemical, physiological, and chemotaxonomic properties coupled with genomic and phylogenetic analysis. It clearly appeared that these microorganisms were distinct from their closest phenotypic and genetic match, the most related species according to 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis being Nocardia pseudobrasiliensis. The data obtained indicated that the three clinical strains should be recognized as a new species for which the name Nocardia mexicana sp.

DNA-DNA hybridization study of Burkholderia species using genomic DNA macro-array analysis coupled to reverse genome probing.

The present study was aimed at simplifying procedures to delineate species and identify isolates based on DNA-DNA reassociation. DNA macro-arrays harbouring genomic DNA of reference strains of several Burkholderia species were produced. Labelled genomic DNA, hybridized to such an array, allowed multiple relative pairwise comparisons.

Shifts in diversity and microscale distribution of the adapted bacterial phenotypes due to Hg(II) spiking in soil.

In a previous experiment [Ranjard et al. (2000) FEMS Microbiol Ecol 31:107-115], the spatial heterogeneity of a mercury impact on soil bacterial community was revealed by an increase of mercury-resistant (HgR) bacterial numbers in the outer fraction and the sand fractions when compared to those in the silt fractions. The objectives of the present study were (i) to investigate whether mercury exposure affects the diversity and the distribution within the various fractions of the HgR populations and (ii) to evaluate the contribution of the HgR populations to the overall community adaptation.

Relationship between spatial and genetic distance in Agrobacterium spp. in 1 cubic centimeter of soil.

The spatial and genetic unit of bacterial population structure is the clone. Surprisingly, very little is known about the spread of a clone (spatial distance between clonally related bacteria) and the relationship between spatial distance and genetic distance, especially at very short scale (microhabitat scale), where cell division takes place. Agrobacterium spp.

Methylation of inorganic and organic selenium by the bacterial thiopurine methyltransferase.

Escherichia coli cells expressing the tpm gene encoding the bacterial thiopurine methyltransferase (bTPMT) are shown to methylate selenite and (methyl)selenocysteine into dimethylselenide (DMSe) and dimethyldiselenide (DMDSe). E. coli cells expressing tpm from a gene library cosmid clone (harboring a Pseudomonas syringae insert of about 20 kb) also methylated selenate into DMSe and DMDSe.

Burkholderia cepacia genomovar III Is a common plant-associated bacterium.

A polyphasic taxonomic study involving DNA-DNA hybridization, whole-cell protein electrophoresis, and 16S ribosomal DNA sequence analysis revealed that a group of Burkholderia cepacia-like organisms isolated from the rhizosphere or tissues of maize, wheat, and lupine belong to B. cepacia genomovar III, a genomic species associated with "cepacia syndrome" in cystic fibrosis patients. The present study also revealed considerable protein electrophoretic heterogeneity within this species and demonstrated that the B.

Evaluation of biological and physical protection against nuclease degradation of clay-bound plasmid DNA.

In order to determine the mechanisms involved in the persistence of extracellular DNA in soils and to monitor whether bacterial transformation could occur in such an environment, we developed artificial models composed of plasmid DNA adsorbed on clay particles. We determined that clay-bound DNA submitted to an increasing range of nuclease concentrations was physically protected. The protection mechanism was mainly related to the adsorption of the nuclease on the clay mineral.