Adjuvant Atezolizumab for Early Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: The ALEXANDRA/IMpassion030 Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Triple-negative breast cancer is an aggressive subtype with a high incidence in young patients, a high incidence in non-Hispanic Black women, and a high risk of progression to metastatic cancer, a devastating sequela with a 12- to 18-month life expectancy. Until recently, one strategy for treating early-stage triple-negative breast cancer was chemotherapy after surgery. However, it was not known whether the addition of immune therapy to postsurgery chemotherapy would be beneficial.

Multi-sample long-read nanopore sequencing of Agabus bipustulatus (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae: Agabinae) mitogenome produces effectively reliable data for downstream analyses.

Mitochondrial genomes are a rich source of data for various downstream analyses such as population genetics, phylogeny, and systematics. Today it is possible to assemble rapidly large numbers of mitogenomes, mainly employing next-generation sequencing and third-generation sequencing. However, verification of the correctness of the generated sequences is often lacking, especially for noncoding, length-variable parts.

Mechanisms for removing phosphorus species through sequential coagulation using inorganic coagulants and organic polymers.

The need for stringent phosphorus removal from domestic wastewater is increasing to mitigate eutrophication, while efficient phosphate reuse is critical due to the global phosphate crisis. Combining aluminum sulfate (ALS) with high molecular weight organic polymers achieved 95-99% removal of particles, turbidity, and phosphates, reducing ALS usage by 40%. We propose mechanisms to explain the enhanced treatment efficiency.

Precision nutrition-based interventions for the management of obesity in children and adolescents up to the age of 19 years.

Background: Precision nutrition-based methods develop tailored interventions and/or recommendations accounting for determinants of intra- and inter-individual variation in response to the same diet, compared to current 'one-size-fits-all' population-level approaches. Determinants may include genetics, current dietary habits and eating patterns, circadian rhythms, health status, gut microbiome, socioeconomic and psychosocial characteristics, and physical activity. ​​​​In this systematic review, we examined the evidence base for the effect of interventions based on precision nutrition approaches on overweight and obesity in children and adolescents to help inform future research and global guidelines.

Psychometric assessment of the Beck anxiety inventory and key anxiety determinants among Ukrainian female refugees in the Czech Republic.

Introduction: The full-scale Russian war has caused Ukrainian female refugees to experience many stressful events which may have an adverse impact on their mental health. Understanding the prevalence and determinants associated with anxiety is essential for psychosocial support. The study aimed: to evaluate the psychometric validity of the Ukrainian version of the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) among Ukrainian female refugees in the Czech Republic, to determine the prevalence of anxiety, and to identify key determinants for anxiety in this population.

A reagent to access methyl sulfones.

A chemical reagent to access methyl sulfones has been developed. Its reaction with various bis-nucleophiles leads to the rapid formation of previously unknown heteroaromatic methyl sulfones. Analogous strategy can also be used to construct alkyl-, CHF-, CF- and even bicyclo[1.

A novel amino-pyrimidine inhibitor suppresses tumor growth via microtubule destabilization and Bmi-1 down-regulation.

Colorectal cancer (CRC), one of the diseases posing a threat to global health, according to the latest data, is the third most common cancer globally and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths. The development and refinement of novel structures of small molecular compounds play a crucial role in tumor treatment and overcoming drug resistance. In this study, our objective was to screen and characterize novel compounds for overcoming drug resistance via the B Lymphoma Mo-MLV insertion region 1 (Bmi-1) reporter screen assay.

Development and implementation of an electronic health record system for use in humanitarian emergencies, disaster response, and conflict zones.

Humanitarian medical response to natural and human-made disasters can be complicated by high clinician, staff, and patient turnover. While electronic medical records are being scaled up globally, their use remains limited in humanitarian response settings. The Fast Electronic Medical Record (fEMR) system is an open-source electronic health record system specifically designed for use in resource-limited settings and humanitarian crises.

Measurement of Λ_{b}^{0}, Λ_{c}^{+}, and Λ Decay Parameters Using Λ_{b}^{0}→Λ_{c}^{+}h^{-} Decays.

A comprehensive study of the angular distributions in the bottom-baryon decays Λ_{b}^{0}→Λ_{c}^{+}h^{-}(h=π,K), followed by Λ_{c}^{+}→Λh^{+} with Λ→pπ^{-} or Λ_{c}^{+}→pK_{S}^{0} decays, is performed using a data sample of proton-proton collisions corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 9  fb^{-1} collected by the LHCb experiment at center-of-mass energies of 7, 8, and 13 TeV. The decay parameters and the associated charge-parity (CP) asymmetries are measured, with no significant CP violation observed. For the first time, the Λ_{b}^{0}→Λ_{c}^{+}h^{-} decay parameters are measured.

Quality-of-Life Measurement in Epidermolysis Bullosa. Position Statement of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology Task Force on Quality of Life and Patient-Oriented Outcomes and External Experts.

In this paper, the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (EADV) Task Force on Quality of Life (QoL) and Patient-Oriented Outcomes presents its position statements on health-related (HR) QoL assessment in epidermolysis bullosa (EB). The EADV TF on QoL and Patient-Oriented Outcomes recommends the use of the EB-specific instrument QOLEB in patients over the age of 10 years and, in addition to the QOLEB, the use of iscorEB-p in moderate-to-severe EB; the IntoDermQoL proxy instrument with its EB-specific module should be used in children aged under 5 years. The EB-specific instrument iscorEB-p, and the dermatology-specific instrument CDLQI may measure HRQoL in children with EB aged from 5 to 10 years.

Selected determinants of anxiety and depression symptoms in adolescents aged 11-15 in relation to the pandemic COVID-19 and the war in Ukraine.

Introduction: The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, which began in early 2020, and the outbreak of war in Ukraine in 2022 (a country bordering Poland on the east) have significantly impacted the mental health of young people in Poland, leading to increased rates of depression, anxiety, and other mental health issues. The rising number of individuals struggling to cope with daily stressors, as well as non-normative stressors, may indicate a decrease in the individual's potential, specifically in skills, attitudes, and competencies required to overcome difficulties that they encounter. It can be assumed that for young people, maintaining mental health under the influence of social stressors, such as the pandemic and the ongoing war in Ukraine, depends on the ability to adapt positively, which is the ability of young individuals to adjust to situational demands in a way that allows them to effectively manage those situations.

Prevalence, risk and resilience factors of mental health conditions among female sex workers: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Female sex workers are a vulnerable hard-to-reach group. Research in this field is scarce due to several issues, such as methodological difficulties or societal stigmatization. Most of the available literature focuses on sexually transmittable diseases.

Case report: Dirofilarial infection of the face.

An 18-year-old male patient from Ukraine, living in Germany for 2 years, presented with a painless subcutaneous swelling on the left cheek that had been present for several months. Finally, the diagnosis of subcutaneous dirofilariasis caused by was confirmed by 12S rRNA gene PCR and sequencing from tissue by nematode-specific PCRs followed by sequencing after surgical resection of the lesion. Microfilaremia was ruled out and no further treatment was required.

Comparative analysis of brushless DC and switched reluctance motors for optimizing off-grid water pumping.

Off-grid water pumping systems (OGWPS) have become an increasingly popular area of research in the search for sustainable energy solutions. This paper presents a finite element method (FEM)-based design and analysis of Brushless-DC (BLDC) and Switched Reluctance Motors (SRM) designed for low-power water pumping applications. Utilizing adaptive finite element analysis (FEA), both motors were designed with identical ratings and design parameters to ensure a fair comparison.

Effectiveness of the program for developing leadership skills among managers of police organizations as a guarantee of their mental health.

Objective: Aim: The aim is to substantiate the program for developing leadership skills among managers of police organizations and to test its effectiveness.

Patients And Methods: Materials and Methods: The research, which was conducted in 2022-2024, involved 64 mid-level managers of police organizations and 462 officers from police units (departments, divisions) directly subordinated to these managers. To achieve the aim, a set of methods was used: bibliosemantic, diagnostic, analysis and generalization, statistical.

"Billiary-cast" syndrome in a patient with acute biliary pancreatitis and pulmonary embolism.

"Biliary-cast syndrome" ("BCS") is most often encountered in clinical practice as a complication after liver transplantation, there are also described cases of biliary-cast syndrome in patients who did not undergo liver transplantation, isolated cases of "BCS" developing in patients with acute pancreatitis, choledocholithiasis are described in literature. Ischemic damage to bile duct epithelium with development of cholestasis and retrograde biliary tract infection are considered as the main etiological factors. This work presents a clinical case of "Biliary-cast syndrome" in a patient with acute biliary pancreatitis and pulmonary embolism.

Legal regulation of the circulation of dietary food and dietary supplements in eu countries: the experience of Germany.

Despite the EU legislation regulating the circulation of dietary and food supplements within the internal market, the system of state control requires improvement. For instance, due to existing regulatory gaps, certain pharmaceutical entities commit violations of regulatory requirements, such as failing to register medicinal products and selling them under the guise of dietary and/or food supplements. Conversely, physicians may recommend ordinary dietary and food supplements to patients as if they were medicinal products.

Mechanism for Implementing the State Guarantee Program for Medical Services at the Primary Level.

Objective: Aim: The goal of this work is to investigate the effectiveness of state regulatory tools influencing the HCS reform process and the institutional support for the implementation of SGPMS at the primary level.

Patients And Methods: Materials and Methods: To evaluate the effectiveness of SGPMS implementation at the primary level, methods of observation, analysis and synthesis, grouping, and generalization were applied.

Results: Results: In the implementation of SGPMS, PMC is prioritized.

Criminal law ensuring the information security of persons living with the immunodeficiency virus.

Objective: Aim: To determine the specifics of criminal liability for disclosing information about a medical examination for detection of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus or another incurable infectious disease under the criminal legislation of Poland and Ukraine in order to improve the legal protection of the interests of people living with HIV.

Patients And Methods: Materials and Methods: The authors used the decisions of national courts in the field of ensuring the information security of a person living with the immunodeficiency virus, international and national legal acts of Ukraine and Poland. The study was carried out on the basis of a systematic approach using the methods of dialectical and formal logic, general scientific and special legal research methods.

The influence of heredity and environment on human cognitive ability.

Objective: Aim: The aim of the study is to consists in the theoretical analysis of the results of modern genetic studies of human cognitive abilities as a key to successful education and upbringing.

Patients And Methods: Materials and Methods: To solve the tasks and achieve the goal of the article, we used general scientific methods of the theoretical level (analysis, synthesis, comparison, systematization, generalization of scientific and theoretical data), regarding the influence of heredity and environment on human cognitive ability.

Conclusion: Conclusions: Human cognitive abilities develop under the influence of both genetic and environmental factors.

Practical Uses of Fruits in Ancient Medicine (based on the treatise of Quintus Gargilius Martialis Medicinae ex oleribus et pomis).

Objective: Aim: The aim of the article is to study the therapeutic effect and pharmacological characteristics of using fruits, berries, and nuts in ancient medicine, expanding and deepening knowledge in the history of medicine.

Patients And Methods: Materials and Methods: The study material was Medicinae ex oleribus et pomis, the work of Quintus Gargilius Martialis, a third-century Roman writer, a systematizer of rules for cultivating and medical application of over 60 types of vegetables and fruits. The methodological basis of the research is a set of general scientific and special research methods, including analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, historical, interdisciplinary, descriptive methods, and the method of contextual analysis.

Treatment of delusional ideas: Analyzing the effectiveness of pharmacotherapy and psychotherapeutic methods.

Objective: Aim: To investigate the etiology, pathogenesis, and effectiveness of pharmacotherapy and psychotherapeutic modalities of delusions in Schizophrenia spectrum and other Psychotic Disorders.

Patients And Methods: Materials and Methods: In our study, we included English-language studies from online databases such as Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, PubMed, and the Cochrane Library conducted until January 2024 using the following keywords "delusions", "Schizophrenia spectrum and other Psychotic Disorders", "pharmacotherapy", "psychotherapy", and "antipsychotics". Scientific novelty: There is already published evidence that has studied Schizophrenia spectrum disorders from definition to treatment.

Causes of stress and its impact on women's mental and physical health.

Objective: Aim: The aim is to investigate the causes of stress and its impact on women's mental and physical health indicators.

Patients And Methods: Materials and Methods: The research was conducted from 2022 to 2024 and involved 157 women from Zhytomyr oblast (Ukraine) of different ages, education, professions, and geographic residence. The research methods included analysis of literary sources, medical and sociological (survey), statistical method.

Comprehensive assessment of caries resistance in 6 -7 year-old children residing in Poltava and internally displaced children.

Objective: Aim: The aim of this study is to assess caries resistance in children from Poltava and internally displaced children from frontline regions by analyzing caries indicators and oral fluid properties. This will help evaluate the impact of war and displacement on their dental health.

Patients And Methods: Materials and Methods: This study was conducted at the City Children Dental Clinic in Poltava and included 330 children aged 6-7 years, of whom 56.

The effect of succinic acid in liposomal emulsion on the humoral component of the immune system of rats.

Objective: Aim: To investigate the effect of succinic acid on the humoral component of the immune system in rats.

Patients And Methods: Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on two groups of mature non-linear white rats (males) of similar weight (200-270 g, aged 6-8 months), with 5 animals in each group. The control group was fed a standard diet with free access to water throughout the experiment.