PECULIARITIES OF THE SECOND MESIOBUCCAL CANAL IN MAXILLARY FIRST MOLAR: A RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS.

Unlabelled: The first maxillary molar is one of the most difficult teeth for endodontical treatment; it presents the highest failure rates due to the impossibility of locating and treating the second mesiobuccal canal (MB2). The aim of our work was study of second mesiobuccal canal in maxillary first molar and compare obtained data with literature sources for increasing the efficiency of treatment.

Materials And Methods: The study involved 59 patients with exacerbation of chronic pulpitis or chronic periodontitis who were distributed according to age: 14-20 years, 21-30 years and 31-40 years.

Near-infrared light therapy normalizes amyloid load, neuronal lipid membrane order, rafts and cholesterol level in Alzheimer's disease.

Cholesterol dysregulation, disorder of neuronal membrane lipid packing, and lipid rafts lead to the synthesis and accumulation of toxic amyloid-β (Aβ), contributing to the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Our study shows that near-infrared (NIR) transcranial photobiomodulation therapy (tPBMT) can reduce Aβ load and restore the properties of neuronal plasma membrane, including Aβ production, bilayer order, rafts, lipid content, and Ca channels during AD. Mice in the experiments were exposed to 808-nm LED for 1 h daily over 3 months.

MOLDOVA - SYSTEMATIC PREPAREDNESS FOR MEDICAL RESPONSE TO RADIATION EMERGENCIES.

Under the conditions of a full-scale russian invasion of Ukraine, the danger of the development of radiation and nuclear emergency situations in the region has increased significantly. An external independent assessment of the ability of health care system of the Republic of Moldova to respond to emergency situations revealed the need to develop a training program for medical workers on the basics of responding to radiation and nuclear threats. In addition, the evaluation recommended the development of a standard for victims care taking into account the existing evidence base.

IMPLEMENTATION OF THE EDUCATIONAL MODULE «MANAGING EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT AND MEDICAL RESPONSE TO A RADIATION EMERGENCY IN UKRAINE».

The WHO educational module УДК «Ma naging exposure assessment and medical response to a radiation emergency in Ukraine» was developed and implemented. In total, 25 trainings were conducted for 377 healthcare professionals from 6 regions of Ukraine during 2023-2024.

INTEGRATING RADIOLOGICAL IMAGING TECHNIQUES INTO ANATOMY EDUCATION: MEDICAL TRAINING ENHANCEMANT THROUGH EARLY CT AND MRI TEACHING.

Unlabelled: Brain morphology understanding is essential for radiologists, neurologists, and neurosurgeons. Historically, anatomical learning of brain relied on ex vivo specimens. Modern in vivo brain CT and MRI provide spatial, three-dimensional imaging capabilities crucial to help diagnose diseases, plan surgeries, and monitor treatment progress.

SYNCHRONOUS COLON CANCER ASSOCIATED WITH IDIOPATHIC THROMBOCYTOPENIC PURPURA. CLINICAL CASE.

We present а rare clinical case of successful surgical treatment - combined left-sided hemicolectomy and cecal resection for colon cancer of two locations in a patient with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, which, in our opinion, is due to radiation exposure is presented. It is shown that the biological effects of long-term ionizing radiation on critical organs can have a diverse nature both in terms of the time of occurrence and in their structure, which requires an individual approach, the involvement of related specialists and the necessary medical preoperative preparation for precise planning of surgical intervention taking into account all possible risks.

BIOCHEMICAL MARKERS OF MISCARRIAGE ASSOCIATED WITH THE INTRAPLACENTAL ACCUMULATION OF 137Cs.

Unlabelled: The impact of the environment on human health in modern conditions cannot be underestimated. The study of thepathogenesis of disease is impossible without establishing the factors of destabilization of biological membranes.The article highlighted the problem of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defense associated with the accumulationof radiocesium in the placenta.

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF CARDIOVASCULAR TOXICITY OF EPIRUBICIN AND DOXORUBICIN IN PATIENTS WITH BREAST CANCER.

Unlabelled: Patients with breast cancer (BC) are at high risk of cardiotoxicity (CT) due to combination of anticancer treatment.Cardio-vascular (СV) complications lead to the delay or discontinuation of anticancer therapy, which significantlyworsens the prognosis. Anthracyclines (AC) are the main drugs included in most anticancer treatment regimens.

PATTERNS OF DEVELOPMENT OF CLINICAL AND FUNCTIONAL DISORDERS OF THE BRONCHOPULMONARY SYSTEM IN THE POST-ACCIDENT PERIOD IN PERSONS EXPOSED TO IONIZING RADIATION.

The objective was to study the relationship between clinical symptoms and the functional state of the bronchopulmonary system of clean-up workers of the Chornobyl Nuclear Power Plant accident with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the remote post-accident period.Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of 824 cases of COPD in male patients who underwent inpatienttreatment in the radiation pulmonology department from 2014 to 2024 was conducted.

STRUCTURE AND CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CHORNOBYL NPP ACCIDENT SURVIVORS REASONS OF DEATH ACCORDING TO THE MATERIALS OF MEDICAL EXPERTISE FOR THE CAUSAL RELATIONSHIP OF DISEASES WITH THE EFFECT OF IONIZING RADIATION IN THE REMOTE POSTACCIDENTAL PERIOD (2024 year).

Unlabelled: Problem of the causal relationship of disease that became the reason of death with the effect of ionizing radiation and due to harmful influence of the Chornobyl Catastrophe during performance of professional, military or official duties and / or living on radiation-contaminated areas, additional exposure not through their own fault but due to a radiation accident, caused the development of a special form of medical expertise as part of the of medical social protection system for suffered contingents in the remote postaccidental period.

Objective: To study and characterize the structure of the survivor categories (clean-up workers and victims) of the Chernobyl Catastrophe in the remote post-accident period (2013-2024) regarding the causal relationship of disease that became the reason of death with the effect of ionizing radiation and due to harmful influence of the Chornobyl Catastrophe based on the materials of expert cases of the Central Interdepartmental Expert Commission of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine (CIEC).

Material And Methods: The work was performed in the design of a retrospective study that based on analysis of the structure of all categories of Chornobyl NPP accident (ChNPP) survivors during 2008-2024 years and studying of 58,137 medical expert cases, including 19,524 postmortem cases, which were considered by CIEC during 2013-2023 to establish a causal relationship between the disease and influence of radiation exposure and other harmful factors and conditions during ChNPP accident.

RELATIONSHIP OF THE PERCEIVED STRESS LEVEL, ANTHROPOMETRIC INDICATORS AND BODY COMPOSITION IN CHILDREN EXPERIENCING PERMANENT NEGATIVE IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC AND THE WAR IN UKRAINE.

Objective: to assess the impact of stressful life events occuring with the period of restrictive measures introductionconnected to the COVID-19 pandemic and during the full-scale Russian aggression, on the anthropometric indicators and body composition of children aged 10-17 years.

Materials And Methods: The research group consisted of 56 boys and 70 girls aged 10-17 years who lived in radioactively contaminated areas of Zhytomyr, Rivne, and Kyiv regions with a soil contamination density of 137Cs from 18 kBq/m2 to 235 kBq/m2. The impact of stressful factors was assessed using the stress perception scale (PSS-10).

POST-RADIATION NEUROCOGNITIVE DEFICIT IN THE CHORNOBYL CLEAN-UP WORKERS: GERIATRIC ASPECTS (PART І).

Objective: to study the features of cognitive disorders in the remote period following exposure to ionizing radiation (IR) in the elderly participants of the liquidation of the consequences of the Chornobyl NPP accident (Chornobyl clean-up workers) with chronic cerebrovascular disorders.

Materials And Methods: The retrospective and prospective cohort study with the external and internal controlgroups. The randomized sample of the male elderly participants (attained age more than 60 years old) in liquidationof the consequences of the accident (Chornobyl clean-up workers, liquidators) at the Chornobyl nuclear power plant(ChNPP) in 1986-1987 (main group, n = 52) recruited from the Clinico-epidemiological registry (CER) of StateInstitution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine, Hematology and Oncology of The National Academyof Medical Sciences of Ukraine» (NRCRMHO) with verified chronic cerebrovascular disorders (CVD) was examined.

SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE (SOD2) GENE VAL16ALA POLYMORPHISM AND CHANGES IN THE VENTILATION LUNG CAPACITY OF CHILDREN - RESIDENTS OF RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED TERRITORIES AND CHILDREN WHO HAVE BEEN AFFECTED BY STRESSFUL LIFE EVENTS DURING WARTIME.

Objective: to determine the distribution of genotypes of genetic polymorphism of manganese superoxide dismutaseand to assess the ventilation lung capacity in children- residents of radioactively contaminated areas and childrenexposed to stressful life events during the war period.

Materials And Methods: The study involved school-age children - residents of radioactively contaminated areas(RCA) and children exposed to stressful life events during wartime. All those examined had no clinical signs of respiratory pathology.

DYSREGULATION OF AUTOPHAGY IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD LEUCOCYTES IS A FACTOR IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF INFLAMMAGING IN IMMUNOCOMPROMISED PERSONS ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE SERVICEMEN OF THE DEFENSE FORCES OF UKRAINE AND CLEAN-UP WORKERS OF THE CHORNOBYL ACCIDENT.

Objective: To assess the functional state and age-related characteristics of autophagy in peripheral blood leukocytes as a risk factor for the development of inflammaging using the example of the servicemen of the DefenseForces of Ukraine and clean-up workers of the Chornobyl accident.

Materials And Methods: A total of 103 male patients aged 28-77 (56,48 ∓ 9,05) years were examined. They included: the main group - 23 servicemen of the Defense Forces of Ukraine aged 44-59 (50,21 ∓ 5,13) years; the comparison group - 57 clean-up workers of the Chornobyl accident aged 56-63 (60,31 ∓ 1,78) years; and the control group -23 civilians aged 28-77 (53,26 ∓ 15,98) years.

STATE OF CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM IN SERVICEMEN OF UKRAINE ARMED FORCES AND EMERGENCY WORKERS OF THE CHORNOBYL ACCIDENT. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS.

Objective: To conduct a comparative analysis of cardiovascular system state in emergency workers (EW) of theaccident at the Chornobyl NPP and servicemen (SM) of Ukraine Armed Forces (UAF) who took part in the fightagainst russian military aggression, and to assess the role of military service factors on the development of cardiac pathology.

Materials And Methods: The study included 81 male EW and 161 SM of UAF, who were examined and treated in thecardiology department of NRCRMHO from 2022 to 2024. The average age of the surveyed EW was (56.

MOLECULAR-GENETIC PHENOTYPES OF BREAST CANCER, THEIR PROLIFERATIVE ACTIVITY, DEGREE OF SPREADING AND DIFFERENTIATION IN PATIENTS WHICH WERE SUFFERED BY THE ACCIDENT AT ChNPP.

Objective: analysis of molecular genetic phenotypes, their proliferative activity, degree of spread and differentiation of tumors in breast cancer patients affected by the accident at the Chornobyl Nuclear Power Plant.

Materials And Methods: 96 breast cancer patients who were exposed to ionizing radiation as a result of the accident at the Chornobyl Nuclear Power Plant were examined. Clinical, radiological, instrumental, morphological,immunohistochemical research methods were used.

ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES IN THE PARTICIPANTS OF THE LIQUIDATION OF THE CONSEQUENCES OF THE CHORNOBYL ACCIDENT AND THE MILITARY PERSONNEL OF THE UKRAINIAN DEFENSE FORCES RECOVERING FROM CORONAVIRUS DISEASE (COVID-19).

Objective: to conduct a clinical and neurophysiological study of Chornobyl clean-up workers and military personnelof the Armed Forces of Ukraine (AFU) with previous coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and individuals of the comparison groups to study the impact of long-term effects of ionizing radiation, psychoemotional stress and previouscoronavirus infection on cerebral functioning.

Materials And Methods: A prospective clinical study of Chornobyl clean-up workers and servicemen of the ArmedForces of Ukraine (AFU) who had coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and individuals of the comparison groups. Themain group - 30 males participated in liquidating the consequences of the Chornobyl Nuclear Power Plant (ChNPP)accident with previously verified COVID-19 (Chornobyl clean-up workers).

STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL BONE FEATURES IN CHILDREN RESIDING IN THE RADIOLOGICALLY CONTAMINATED TERRITORIES OF UKRAINE.

Objective: Evaluation of structural features and metabolic/biochemical abnormalities of the bone tissue and relevant regulation patterns in children, residing in the radiologically contaminated territories (RCT).

Materials And Methods: Children (n = 148) aged 7 to 18 years old were involved in the study. Bone mineral density (BMD) is given in 3 grades according to the mean square deviation values, namely Grade I - standard (n = 75),Grade II - reduced (n = 45) and Grade III - very low one (n = 28).

CORRECTION CRITERIA FOR THE BONE TISSUE STRUCTURE DISORDERS IN CHILDREN LIVING IN RADIOLOGICALLY CONTAMINATED TERRITORIES AFTER THE CHORNOBYL NPP ACCIDENT.

Objective: To determine the structure of abnormalities of bone tissue and substantiate the management tactics inacute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) pediatric patients and in children with no oncohematological disorders, livingin radiologically contaminated territories (RCT).

Materials And Methods: Children (n = 220) living in RCT were the study participants i.e.

STUDY OF CHROMOSOME STABILITY OF HUMAN SOMATIC CELLS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SECONDARY RADIATION-INDUCED BYSTANDER EFFECT.

Objective: To establish the level of chromosomal instability in human peripheral blood lymphocytes during thedevelopment of secondary radiation-induced bystander effect.

Materials And Methods: Human peripheral blood lymphocytes; culture of human non-small-cell lung cancer cell lineA549 (irradiated in vitro by 137Cs in a dose of 0.50 Gy/unirradiated).

IMPACT OF ASTAXANTHIN ON MANIFESTATIONS OF THE DIRECT AND RESCUE TUMOR-INDUCED BYSTANDER EFFECT.

Objective: to investigate the reciprocal impact on the genome of malignant and normal human peripheral bloodlymphocytes under their co-culture and the possibility to modify the effects by astaxanthin.

Methods: Separate and joint/separate culturing of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) of the chronic lymphocyticleukemia (CLL) patients (n = 6) and conditionally healthy individuals (n = 6), Comet assay method, fluorescencemicroscopy with automated software for the analysis of results, statistical methods.

Results: Both direct and rescue tumour-induced bystander effects were observed under the joint/separate culturing of blood lymphocytes of conditionally healthy individuals (the bystander cells) and blood cells from CLL patients(the inducer cells).

ANALYSIS OF DNA METHYLATION CHANGES IN MANIFESTATION OF DIRECT AND RESCUE BYSTANDER EFFECTS.

Objective: to investigate changes in DNA methylation in bystander and inducer cells during the manifestation ofdirect and rescue bystander effects.

Methods: Separate and co-cultivation of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) of 10 conditionally healthy individuals; γ-quantum irradiation (IBL-237C emitter); modified comet electrophoresis method (Comet assay) under neutralconditions using the methylation-sensitive restriction enzyme HpaII; fluorescence microscopy with an automatedcomputer software system for analyzing the results; statistical methods.

Results: The level of DNA methylation in PBL was quantitatively assessed using DNA migration parameters inagarose gel: the length of the comet tail (in μm), the percentage of DNA in the tail part of the comet, and TailMoment (TM), which simultaneously takes into account both the amount of DNA in the tail part of the comet andthe length of the tail.

LEVELS AND RELATIVE RISKS OF MORTALITY OF CHORNOBYL CLEAN-UP WORKERS IN 1986-1987 YEARS FROM MAIN NON-NEOPLASTIC DISEASES (OBSERVATION PERIOD 1988-2021).

Unlabelled: The emergency destruction of the 4th reactor of the Chornobyl nuclear power plant necessitated large-scale emergency work, which involved large contingents of specialists. Analysis the mortality of Chornobyl clean-up workers isan important and relevant basis for planning medical protection measures in conditions of a potential threat ofemergency and other radiation situations.The objective of this work is to determine the levels and relative risks of mortality of Chornobyl clean-up workers in1986-1987 years from major non-tumor diseases depending on the received dose of radiation exposure, taking intoaccount age and time after the accident (period of epidemiological studies 1988-2021).

PSYCHOSOCIAL STRAIN IN POPULATION OF THE NPP SURVEILLANCE ZONE UNDER THE WARTIME POSTURE.

Objective: to study the level of psychosocial strain in the able-bodied population of the NPP surveillance zone (SZ) and factors that shape it under the wartime posture and possible terrorist acts.

Methods: sociological (population survey), psychosocial (psychodiagnostic testing), analytical, mathematical i.e.

ON THE ISSUE OF RADON EXPOSURE IN THE EXISTING RADIATION SITUATION AT WORKPLACES.

Objective: assessment of probable exposure levels from radon and NORM in workplaces within the context of justi fying radiation protection plans in an existing exposure situation.

Materials And Methods: Materials regarding the assessment of naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM) con tent in tailing from mining and processing industries in Ukraine and assessments of contamination levels of industri al sites of oil and gas enterprises were used for estimating the probable range of effective doses (ED) of workers fromNORM at industrial enterprises. These materials were obtained as a result of research conducted by specialists from theRadiation Protection Laboratory of the State Institution «O.