Shoulder Check: Investigating Shoulder Injury Rates, Types, Severity, Mechanisms, and Risk Factors in Canadian Youth Ice Hockey.

Objective: To describe shoulder-related injury rates (IRs), types, severity, mechanisms, and risk factors in youth ice hockey players during games and practices.

Design: Secondary analysis of data from a 5-year prospective cohort study, Safe-to-Play (2013-2018).

Setting: Canadian youth ice hockey.

The effects of a 6-month intervention aimed to reduce sedentary time on skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity: a randomized controlled trial.

Sedentary behavior (SB) and physical inactivity associate with impaired insulin sensitivity. We investigated whether an intervention aimed at a 1-h reduction in daily SB during 6 mo would improve insulin sensitivity in the weight-bearing thigh muscles. Forty-four sedentary inactive adults [mean age 58 (SD 7) yr; 43% men] with metabolic syndrome were randomized into intervention and control groups.

Cross-country skiers often experience respiratory symptoms during and after exercise but have a low prevalence of prolonged cough.

Background: Cross-country skiers train and compete during the winter for long periods of time in subfreezing conditions, which strains the airways and provokes respiratory symptoms. This study aimed to compare the prevalence of exercise-related symptoms and prolonged cough in competitive cross-country skiers versus the general population and to investigate the association between these symptoms and asthma.

Methods: A questionnaire was sent to Finnish cross-country skiers (n=1282) and a random sample of the general population (n=1754), with response rates of 26.

Acute respiratory infections hamper training and competition in cross-country skiers, especially in those with asthma.

Acute respiratory infections (ARinf) are one of the leading causes that prevent athletes from training and competing. The aim of this study was to investigate the burden of ARinfs during one season among cross-country skiers. All Finnish cross-country skiers enrolled in the largest national competitions in winter 2019 ( = 1282) were sent a postal questionnaire.

Performance of Different Accelerometry-Based Metrics to Estimate Oxygen Consumption during Track and Treadmill Locomotion over a Wide Intensity Range.

Accelerometer data can be used to estimate incident oxygen consumption (VO) during physical activity. Relationships between the accelerometer metrics and VO are typically determined using specific walking or running protocols on a track or treadmill. In this study, we compared the predictive performance of three different metrics based on the mean amplitude deviation (MAD) of the raw three-dimensional acceleration signal during maximal tests performed on a track or treadmill.

Pre-Season Screening Assessments: Normative Data for Pre-Professional Ballet Dancers.

Objectives: Pre-professional dance is high-risk, with injury incidence up to 4.7 injuries/1000 dance hours. Pre-season screening measures have been utilized to assess risk factors for dance-related injury, however normative values haven't been established for a pre-professional ballet population.

Longitudinal physical activity patterns and the development of cardiometabolic risk factors during adolescence.

Purpose: To examine the associations between longitudinal physical activity (PA) patterns and the development of cardiometabolic risk factors from adolescence to young adulthood.

Methods: This cohort study encompassed 250 participants recruited from sports clubs and schools, and examined at mean age 15 and 19. Device-measured moderate-to-vigorous PA was grouped into five patterns (via a data-driven method, using inactivity maintainers as a reference).

Dementia-related disability in the population aged 90 years and over: differences over time and the role of comorbidity in the vitality 90 + study.

Background: The burden of dementia, multimorbidity, and disability is high in the oldest old. However, the contribution of dementia and comorbidities to functional ability in this age group remains unclear. We examined the combined effects of dementia and comorbidities on ADL and mobility disability and differences between dementia-related disability between 2001, 2010, and 2018.

Predictive ability of a self-rated fall risk assessment tool in community-dwelling older women.

Background: Falls are a substantial health problem among older adults. An accessible and reliable tool for assessing individual fall risk is needed.

Aims: The predictive ability of a one-page self-rated fall risk assessment form (KaatumisSeula® [KS]) was evaluated among older women in its current form.

Intrarater Reliability and Analysis of Learning Effects in the Y Balance Test.

While the general reliability of the Y balance test has been previously found to be excellent, earlier reviews highlighted a need for a more consistent methodology between studies. The purpose of this test-retest intrarater reliability study was to assess the intrarater reliability of the YBT using different methodologies regarding normalisation for leg length, number of repetitions, and score calculation. Sixteen healthy adult novice recreational runners aged 18-55 years, both women and men, were reviewed in a laboratory environment.

Neck-Shoulder Region Training for Chronic Headache in Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objectives: We investigated whether a specific exercise program for the neck-shoulder region reduces headache intensity, frequency, and duration, and how it influences neck disability among women with chronic headache compared to a control group.

Design: Two-center randomized controlled trial.

Subjects: 116 working-age women.

A Nationally Representative Study of the Hardening Hypothesis Among Educational Groups Over Four Decades.

Introduction: As smoking prevalence has decreased, there has been debate about "hardening" (smokers are more resistant to established tobacco control measures) or "softening" (smokers are more responsive to interventions) of the remaining smoking population. Despite growing evidence to reject the "hardening" hypothesis, there is lack of long-term population-based studies to test this hypothesis by educational level.

Aims And Methods: Repeated cross-sectional population-based surveys during 1978-2014 and in 2018 were utilized.

Effects of reducing sedentary behavior on cardiorespiratory fitness in adults with metabolic syndrome: A 6-month RCT.

Introduction: Poor cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is associated with adverse health outcomes. Previous observational and cross-sectional studies have suggested that reducing sedentary behavior (SB) might improve CRF. Therefore, we investigated the effects of a 6-month intervention of reducing SB on CRF in 64 sedentary inactive adults with metabolic syndrome in a non-blind randomized controlled trial.

Accelerometer-Measured Physical Behavior and Cardiorespiratory Fitness as Indicators of Work Ability.

Work ability (WA) reflects an individual's resources, work demands, and related environment. Self-reports have shown that higher physical activity (PA) is associated with better WA. This study investigated associations of accelerometer-measured (24/7) physical behavior and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) with WA.

Elevated IL-6 plasma levels are associated with GAD antibodies-associated autoimmune epilepsy.

Background: Antibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase (GADA) are present in multiple neurological manifestations, such as stiff-person syndrome, cerebellar ataxia, limbic encephalitis, and epilepsy. Increasing data support the clinical significance of GADA as an autoimmune etiology of epilepsy, however, there is not yet definitive evidence to confirm the pathogenic link between GADA and epilepsy.

Objective: Interleukin-6 (IL-6), a pro-convulsive and neurotoxic cytokine, and interleukin-10 (IL-10), an anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective cytokine, are crucial inflammatory mediators in the brain.

Prescribed antiseizure medication doses and their relation to defined daily doses for achieving seizure freedom in newly diagnosed patients with epilepsy.

Objectives: To investigate the antiseizure medication (ASM) doses required to achieve seizure freedom and their correlation with the World Health Organization's defined daily doses (DDDs) in patients aged 16 years or older with newly diagnosed epilepsy.

Methods: The study included 459 patients with a validated diagnosis of new-onset epilepsy. Patient records were retrospectively analyzed to determine the ASM doses in patients with or without seizure freedom during follow-up.

Test-Retest Reliability of Isokinetic Ankle, Knee and Hip Strength in Physically Active Adults Using Biodex System 4 Pro.

Background: The isokinetic dynamometry is considered a gold standard in muscle strength testing. The reliability of lower limb isokinetic strength measurements has not been thoroughly evaluated.

Objective: To examine the test-retest reliability of isokinetic ankle plantar and dorsiflexion, ankle inversion and eversion, knee extension and flexion and hip abduction and adduction strength in physically active adults using Biodex System 4 Pro.

Predicting Adolescents' Physical Activity Intentions: Testing an Integrated Social Cognition Model.

Background: Few adolescents meet guideline levels of physical activity associated with good health, highlighting the need for intervention. Interventions promoting adolescents' physical activity should be guided by research applying behavioral theory to identify potentially modifiable correlates and associated processes. We applied an integrated social cognition model to identify theory-based constructs and processes that relate to physical activity intentions in a secondary analysis of two samples of Finnish adolescents using a correlational design.

Self-reported sleep bruxism and mortality in 1990-2020 in a nationwide twin cohort.

Background: The association of sleep bruxism with mortality has not been studied.

Objectives: Altogether 12 040 subjects from the nationwide Finnish twin cohort were included in the analyses. We examined whether self-reported sleep bruxism is associated with increased risk of mortality, and if so, whether the effect is independent of known common risk factors.

Relationships between psychosocial well-being and leisure time physical activity among 160.000 young Finnish men: a cross-sectional study during 2015-2021.

Evidence on the relationship between psychosocial well-being and physical activity (PA) is insufficient, especially in young adults between 18 and 29 years. Identifying protective factors for psychosocial well-being as well as factors that may promote PA behaviour in this specific age group is crucial.The aim of the present study was to explore the association between self-reported leisure time physical activity (LTPA) and a number of measures of psychosocial well-being in a large sample of Finnish young men.

Residential mobility and childhood inflammatory bowel disease: a nationwide case-control study.

Purpose: To examine the association of residential mobility, as a proxy for environmental influences, with childhood inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) risk.

Methods: Using nationwide register-based dataset, all 2038 IBD cases in Finland diagnosed at ages less than 15 years in 1992-2016 were individually matched by sex and age with five controls employing risk set sampling. Complete residential histories of the subjects were constructed from birth until the index date (diagnosis date of the case).

Cohort profile: The Vitality 90+ Study-a cohort study on health and living conditions of the oldest old in Tampere, Finland.

Purpose: Vitality 90+ is an ongoing population-based study with repeated cross-sectional data collections. The study was designed to examine trends in health, functioning, living conditions, quality of life and care needs among the oldest old in Finland.

Participants: Nine mailed surveys have been conducted in the city of Tampere between 1995 and 2018.