Lipid-mediated resolution of inflammation and survival in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Neuroinflammation impacts on the progression of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a fatal neurodegenerative disorder. Specialized pro-resolving mediators trigger the resolution of inflammation. We investigate the specialized pro-resolving mediator blood profile and their receptors' expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in relation to survival in ALS.

Multi-omics characterization of improved cognitive functions in Parkinson's disease patients after the combined metabolic activator treatment: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled phase II trial.

Parkinson's disease is primarily marked by mitochondrial dysfunction and metabolic abnormalities. We recently reported that the combined metabolic activators improved the immunohistochemical parameters and behavioural functions in Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease animal models and the cognitive functions in Alzheimer's disease patients. These metabolic activators serve as the precursors of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and glutathione, and they can be used to activate mitochondrial metabolism and eventually treat mitochondrial dysfunction.

Know your brain aging to know your resilience in neurodegenerative diseases.

This scientific commentary refers to 'Brain aging rejuvenation factors in adults with genetic and sporadic neurodegenerative disease', by Casaletto . (https://doi.org/10.

Active learning driven prioritisation of compounds from on-demand libraries targeting the SARS-CoV-2 main protease.

FEgrow is an open-source software package for building congeneric series of compounds in protein binding pockets. For a given ligand core and receptor structure, it employs hybrid machine learning/molecular mechanics potential energy functions to optimise the bioactive conformers of supplied linkers and functional groups. Here, we introduce significant new functionality to automate, parallelise and accelerate the building and scoring of compound suggestions, such that it can be used for automated design.

A psychometric evaluation of the Indonesian version of the collaborative practice assessment tool (CPAT) for assessing interprofessional education and collaborative practice among health practitioners and students.

Research focus has transitioned from interprofessional collaborative practice among qualified health practitioners to the involvement of pre-qualifying students in practicing interprofessional education. It is essential to establish outcome measures to enhance the seamless integration of interprofessional education and collaborative practice. The aim of this study was to develop a culturally appropriate quality measure for assessing interprofessional education and collaborative practice for health practitioners and students in Indonesia by performing cross-cultural validation of the collaborative practice assessment tool (CPAT).

Heterogeneity in Risk and Implications for Hepatitis C Reinfection in People Who Inject Drugs in England.

Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is associated with significant morbidity, mortality and health economic burden. Over 90% of HCV cases in England occur in people who inject drugs (PWID). Current treatments for HCV are effective but do not protect against reinfection.

IMPACT: In-Memory ComPuting Architecture based on Y-FlAsh Technology for Coalesced Tsetlin machine inference.

The increasing demand for processing large volumes of data for machine learning (ML) models has pushed data bandwidth requirements beyond the capability of traditional von Neumann architecture. In-memory computing (IMC) has recently emerged as a promising solution to address this gap by enabling distributed data storage and processing at the micro-architectural level, significantly reducing both latency and energy. In this article, we present In-Memory comPuting architecture based on Y-FlAsh technology for Coalesced Tsetlin machine inference (IMPACT), underpinned on a cutting-edge memory device, Y-Flash, fabricated on a 180 nm complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) process.

Neural in-memory checksums: an error detection and correction technique for safe in-memory inference.

The advent of in-memory computing has introduced a new paradigm of computation, which offers significant improvements in terms of latency and power consumption for emerging embedded AI accelerators. Nevertheless, the effect of the hardware variations and non-idealities of the emerging memory technologies may significantly compromise the accuracy of inferred neural networks and result in malfunctions in safety-critical applications. This article addresses the issue from three different perspectives.

The experiences of parents arranging the move of their young adult offspring with intellectual disabilities to 24-hour residential settings; a continuing puzzle.

Background: Moving out of the family home is a key transition for people with intellectual disabilities and their families. Yet there has been little research about parents' experiences of planning the move of their young adult offspring to residential settings offering 24-hour support.

Method: Interviews were conducted with eleven parents whose offspring moved to residential settings within the past 5 years (five fathers; six mothers).

The Future Hospital in Global Health Systems: The Future Hospital Within the Healthcare System.

Future hospitals must be able to adapt in many ways to the changing demands on their roles and functions within evolving healthcare delivery infrastructures. These include changing population structures and needs, new models of healthcare provision, technological advances, and innovations in design, all while enhancing their environmental sustainability. This article sets out the issues that those determining healthcare policy and designing future hospitals must consider if they are to become and remain fit for purpose within the wider health and social care system.

A comparison of the sensory needs of autistic adults with and without intellectual disabilities: A short report.

Background: Autistic people commonly report differing sensory experiences. This research aimed to find out about sensory issues and the sensory environments of autistic adults who did and did not have intellectual disabilities.

Method: Online questionnaires were designed to identify sensory needs.

Home literacy environment and literacy outcomes in individuals with Williams syndrome and Down syndrome.

The home literacy environment (HLE) has rarely been examined for individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders, including individuals with Williams syndrome and Down syndrome. The current study surveyed carers of individuals with Down syndrome (n = 48) and Williams syndrome (n = 18) in the United Kingdom (UK). The study reports that individuals with Down syndrome were rated higher in general reading skills and writing, while the Williams syndrome group scored higher for speaking.

A preliminary firesetting offence chain for adults with intellectual and other developmental disabilities.

Background: The theoretical understanding of firesetting behaviour has predominantly been developed with men in prisons or psychiatric hospitals without neurodevelopmental disabilities. Consequently, there is a lack of evidence regarding the validity of current theory when applied to adults with intellectual disabilities and/or autism.

Method: Thirteen adults in England with intellectual and other developmental disabilities were interviewed about the affective, cognitive, behavioural, and contextual factors leading up to and surrounding a recorded firesetting incident.

A qualitative study investigating the experiences of young adults caring for a sibling with disability within immigrant families in the UK: "Challenges are just the constant".

Background: Despite a growing body of literature investigating the impact of disabilities on family relationships, the experiences of ethnic minorities remain underexplored.

Method: Semi-structured online interviews were conducted with eight young people (aged 18-28 years) with disabled sibling(s) within an immigrant family to understand how this affects their wellbeing and relationships, identify sources of support and strain, and explore the significance of balancing different cultural expectations. We used reflexive thematic analysis to analyse the transcribed data.

Predicting Success: The Crucial Role of Preoperative Data in Refractive Surgery Outcomes.

Refractive surgery, which includes techniques such as Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis (LASIK), Photorefractive Keratectomy (PRK) and Small Incision Lenticule Extraction (SMILE), has revolutionized ophthalmology by offering advanced solutions for vision correction. However, the choice of the technique to be used in the individual patient is highly dependent on a thorough preoperative evaluation. This retrospective study aims to investigate how preoperative parameters, including corneal thickness, topography, and refraction, affect long-term post-operative clinical outcomes.

Predicting Chlorophyll- Concentrations in the World's Largest Lakes Using Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks.

Accurate prediction of chlorophyll- (Chl-) concentrations, a key indicator of eutrophication, is essential for the sustainable management of lake ecosystems. This study evaluated the performance of Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks (KANs) along with three neural network models (MLP-NN, LSTM, and GRU) and three traditional machine learning tools (RF, SVR, and GPR) for predicting time-series Chl- concentrations in large lakes. Monthly remote-sensed Chl- data derived from Aqua-MODIS spanning September 2002 to April 2024 were used.

Ethnicity in systemic AL amyloidosis may impact risk stratification.

Not available.

The Effects of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists on Mitochondrial Function Within Skeletal Muscle: A Systematic Review.

Background: Obesity is a chronic disease associated with increased risk of multiple metabolic and mental health-related comorbidities. Recent advances in obesity pharmacotherapy, particularly with glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists (RAs), have the potential to transform obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) care by promoting marked weight loss, improving glycaemic control and addressing multiple obesity-related comorbidities, with added cardio-renal benefits. Dual agonists combining GLP-1 with other enteropancreatic hormones such as glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) have also been developed in recent years, leading to greater weight loss than using GLP-1 RAs alone.

'It Feels Very Weird and Normal at the Same Time': Sibling Perceptions of Their Relationships With an Autistic Brother or Sister With Complex Care Needs.

Background: The impact of having a disabled brother or sister on siblings' psychological well-being and sibling relationships has been the subject of several research studies. However, research which focuses on the relationship between siblings and their autistic brother or sister with an intellectual disability and complex care needs is rare. We explored siblings' views and experiences of their sibling relationship with their autistic brother or sister with complex care needs.

Stimulate to Remember? The Effects of Short Burst of Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation (taVNS) on Memory Performance and Pupil Dilation.

The decline in noradrenergic (NE) locus coeruleus (LC) function in aging is thought to be implicated in episodic memory decline. Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS), which supports LC function, might serve to preserve or improve memory function in aging. However, taVNS effects are generally very heterogeneous, and it is currently unclear whether taVNS has an effect on memory.

Implementation of a national programme to train and support healthcare professionals in brief behavioural interventions: A qualitative study using the theoretical domains framework.

Objectives: Behaviour change interventions offered opportunistically by healthcare professionals can support patient health behaviour change. The Making Every Contact Count (MECC) programme in Ireland is a national programme to support healthcare professionals to use brief behavioural interventions. The aim of this study was to gain an in-depth understanding of the enablers of, and barriers to, embedding MECC across the healthcare system.