Systemic corticosteroid dose-response effects in asthma: an observational cohort study.

https://bit.ly/3zzl2QN.

Chronobiology in breathlessness across 24 h in people with persistent breathlessness.

https://bit.ly/3WVbCrF.

Cancer phylogenetic inference using copy number alterations detected from DNA sequencing data.

Cancer is an evolutionary process involving the accumulation of diverse somatic mutations and clonal evolution over time. Phylogenetic inference from samples obtained from an individual patient offers a powerful approach to unraveling the intricate evolutionary history of cancer and provides insights that can inform cancer treatment. Somatic copy number alterations (CNAs) are important in cancer evolution and are often used as markers, alone or with other somatic mutations, for phylogenetic inferences, particularly in low-coverage DNA sequencing data.

Surgical management of lateral epicondylitis: a scoping review of published literature.

Background: Surgical intervention for lateral epicondylitis remains a controversial topic, with its purpose being debated. Recent guidelines have concluded no benefit from surgery when compared to conservative management.

Methods: An electronic database search of Ovid Medline via PubMed, EMBASE, and the Web of Science was performed to understand the published literature further.

Mechanistic role of long non-coding RNAs in the pathogenesis of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and fibrosis.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), previously referred to as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, encompasses a broad range of hepatic metabolic disorders primarily characterised by the disruption of hepatic lipid metabolism, hepatic lipid accumulation and steatosis. Severe cases of MASLD might progress to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis, characterised by hepatic inflammation, hepatocyte ballooning degeneration, activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and fibrogenesis. It may further progress to hepatocellular carcinoma.

Trends in shoulder arthroplasty research over the decades.

Introduction: The aim of this study is to analyse the most cited articles in shoulder arthroplasty surgery and identify trends in topics by decade.

Methods: Journal Citation Index Web of Science (WoS) was searched to find articles using the search terms "shoulder arthroplasty", "shoulder hemiarthroplasty", "shoulder replacement" and "shoulder prosthesis". All articles were ranked according to most cited overall and most cited between 2022 and 2023, and then further analysed to find the most cited articles per decade.

Current trends in shoulder arthroplasty - Are the trends backed by evidence?

Shoulder arthroplasty is the third most common joint replacement performed worldwide and remains a rapidly innovative area for improvement in patient care. This article explores the evidence surrounding current trends aiming to improve patient outcome in all forms of shoulder arthroplasty.

Modelling neurodegeneration and inflammation in early diabetic retinopathy using 3D human retinal organoids.

Purpose: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a complication of diabetes and a primary cause of visual impairment amongst working-age individuals. DR is a degenerative condition in which hyperglycaemia results in morphological and functional changes in certain retinal cells. Existing treatments mainly address the advanced stages of the disease, which involve vascular defects or neovascularization.

Relationship between fluid intake, hydration status and cortisol dynamics in healthy, young adult males.

Background: Previous studies have identified links between fluid intake, hydration related hormones and cortisol measured at one timepoint but have not considered how hydration may influence cortisol dynamics throughout the day. This study assessed associations between hydration status (copeptin, urinary osmolality, urine volume) and habitual fluid intake with cortisol dynamics.

Methods: The day before (DB) a 6-h laboratory visit, 29 male participants (age, 23±4y; BMI, 25.

Prognostic and diagnostic value of circRNA expression in cervical cancer: a meta analysis.

Introduction: Cervical cancer (CC) is a highly prevalent malignancy of the reproductive system. This study aimed to methodically assess the function of circular RNAs (circRNAs) as possible indicators of CC, with a specific emphasis on their usefulness in the identification, prediction, and correlation with clinicopathological elements.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted using databases such as PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase, and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI).

Experiences and overall impact reported by people living with obesity: results from a multinational study.

Objectives: To explore the impact of obesity on clinical outcomes, health-related quality of life, emotional well-being, and work productivity in people/patients with obesity across six countries by body mass index and the presence of complications.

Methods: Adelphi Real World Obesity Disease Specific Programme™ captured data related to physicians and their consulting people/patients with obesity on a weight management program or anti-obesity medication in Brazil, Canada, China, Japan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates from April to December 2022. Physicians reported data for up to eight qualifying people/patients with obesity.

Effect of invasive acupuncture on awakening quality after general anesthesia: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The process of waking up from general anesthesia is still not well understood, and recovery issues such as delayed awakening, agitation, postoperative cognitive dysfunction, continue to be a challenge for anesthesiologists. Currently, the treatment of these complications is mainly achieved through the antagonistic action of specific drugs, but sometimes the antagonistic drugs are not as effective as they should be and can add to the financial burden of the patient. Acupuncture, a common treatment in Traditional Chinese Medicine, is widely used around surgery.

[F]FDG PET/CT versus [F]FDG PET/MRI in staging of non-small cell lung cancer: a head-to-head comparative meta-analysis.

Purpose: This meta-analysis aims to compare the diagnostic efficacy of [F]FDG PET/CT and [F]FDG PET/MRI in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: An extensive literature search was conducted throughout the PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases for works accessible through September 2024. We included studies assessed the diagnostic efficacy of [F]FDG PET/CT and [F]FDG PET/MRI in NSCLC.

Applications of Cell-Based Protein Array Technology to Preclinical Safety Assessment of Biological Products.

Off-target evaluation is essential in preclinical safety assessments of novel biotherapeutics, supporting lead molecule selection, endpoint selection in toxicology studies, and regulatory requirements for first-in-human trials. Off-target interaction of a therapeutic antibody and antibody derivatives has been historically assessed via the Tissue Cross-Reactivity (TCR) study, in which the candidate molecule is used as a reagent in immunohistochemistry (IHC) to assess binding of the candidate molecule to a panel of human tissue sections. The TCR approach is limited by the performance of the therapeutic as an IHC reagent, which is often suboptimal to outright infeasible.

Users´ perspectives and preferences on using wearables in epilepsy: A critical review.

Seizure detection devices (SDDs) offer promising technological advancements in epilepsy management, providing real-time seizure monitoring and alerts for patients and caregivers. This critical review explores user perspectives and experiences with SDDs to better understand factors influencing their adoption and sustained use. An electronic literature search identified 34 relevant studies addressing common themes such as usability, motivation, comfort, accuracy, barriers, and the financial burden of these devices.

Is there a simple and accessible solution to improve acute infarct core imaging? The utility of steady-state CT angiographic source images obtained from a delayed phase acquisition.

Background: Early identification and quantification of core infarct is of importance in stroke management for treatment selection, prognostication, and complication prediction. Non-contrast computed tomography (CT) (NCCT) remains the primary tool, but it suffers from limited sensitivity and inter-rater variability; CT perfusion is inconsistently available and commonly blighted by movement artefact. We assessed the performance of a standardised form of CT angiographic source imaging (CTASI) obtained through addition of a delayed phase at 40 seconds post-contrast injection (DP40) following fast-acquisition CT angiography.

Metabolic Fingerprint of Dual Body Fluids Deciphers Diabetic Retinopathy.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a microvascular complication of diabetes, affecting 34.6% of diabetes patients worldwide. Early detection and timely treatment can effectively improve the prognosis of DR.

Activation of Proteolysis During Oocyte In Vitro Maturation.

In vitro maturation (IVM) is a form of assisted reproductive technology (ART) applied to obtain mature oocytes in culture. Decline in IVM success rates by age has led consideration of novel approaches based on cellular dynamics. Our aim was to achieve proteostasis in old bovine oocytes from 13 to 16-year-old bovine with a lower potential for fertilization.

Developmental Scores and Prevalence of Functional Difficulty Among Preschool Children in Kenya.

Background: Disability-inclusive early childhood development and education (ECDE) plays a crucial role in ensuring that all children, including those with disabilities, reach their developmental potential. However, there is little data on the prevalence of disability in mainstream ECDE in most low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), or on early learning and developmental outcomes of children with disabilities in these classrooms.

Methods: Data were collected on 1756 children aged 3-9 years enrolling in ECDE at 18 schools in Homa Bay or Turkana Counties, Kenya, at the start of the 2021 and 2022 school years.

Improving Parent and Therapist Experiences of Codelivering Intensive Upper Limb Interventions for Children With Hemiplegia: A Qualitative Study Using the Theoretical Domains Framework.

Background: Partnership working between parents and therapists is a key component of family-centred care (FCC). Such partnerships in paediatric intervention delivery can help achieve required levels of dosage, intensity and embed interventions in the child's everyday activities. This study explores the experience and views of parents and therapists codelivering an intensive upper limb intervention programme for children with hemiplegia, to find ways to enhance successful partnership working.

The impact of pre-treatment aneurysm angulation. What happens with WEB devices at follow-up?

Background: WEB shape modification has been analyzed in relation to the aneurysm occlusion outcome and techniques have been presented with one-dimensional measurements of the device to quantify the change after implantation. In this work, we present an analysis of pre-treatment vascular morphology and hemodynamics of cases treated with WEB devices, which were three-dimensionally quantified in morphology and position to detect modifications.

Methods: Seventeen WEB-treated aneurysms with pre-treatment, post-treatment and follow-up 3D flat-panel CT were included.