Spongy-looking microfabrics in the earliest named stromatolite represent deep burial alteration and incipient metamorphism.

The earliest named stromatolite Cryptozoon Hall, 1884 (Late Cambrian, ca. 490 Ma, eastern New York State), was recently re-interpreted as an interlayered microbial mat and non-spiculate (keratosan) sponge deposit. This "classic stromatolite" is prominent in a fundamental debate concerning the significance or even existence of non-spiculate sponges in carbonate rocks from the Neoproterozoic (Tonian) onwards.

Harnessing Raman spectroscopy and multimodal imaging of cartilage for osteoarthritis diagnosis.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a complex disease of cartilage characterised by joint pain, functional limitation, and reduced quality of life with affected joint movement leading to pain and limited mobility. Current methods to diagnose OA are predominantly limited to X-ray, MRI and invasive joint fluid analysis, all of which lack chemical or molecular specificity and are limited to detection of the disease at later stages. A rapid minimally invasive and non-destructive approach to disease diagnosis is a critical unmet need.

EAES rapid guideline: surgical management of complicated diverticulitis - with ESCP participation.

Background: The surgical management of complicated diverticulitis varies across Europe. EAES members prioritized this topic to be addressed by a clinical practice guideline through an online questionnaire.

Objective: To develop evidence-informed clinical practice recommendations for key stakeholders involved in the treatment of complicated diverticulitis; to improve operative and perioperative outcomes, patient experience and quality of life through a systematic evidence-to-decision approach by a diverse, multidisciplinary panel.

Surgical management of complicated diverticulitis: systematic review and individual patient data network meta-analysis : An EAES/ESCP collaborative project.

Background: We performed a systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA) of individualized patient data (IPD) to inform the development of evidence-informed clinical practice recommendations.

Methods: We searched MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Central in October 2023 to identify RCTs comparing Hartmann's resection (HR), primary resection and anastomosis (PRA), or laparoscopic peritoneal lavage (LPL) among patients with class Ib-IV Hinchey diverticulitis. Outcomes of interest were prioritized by an international, multidisciplinary panel including two patient partners.

405 nm violet-blue light inactivates hepatitis C cell culture virus (HCVcc) in ex vivo human platelet concentrates and plasma.

Added safety measures coupled with the development and use of pathogen reduction technologies (PRT) significantly reduces the risk of transfusion-transmitted infections (TTIs) from blood products. Current approved PRTs utilize chemical and/or UV-light based inactivation methods. While the effectiveness of these PRTs in reducing pathogens are well documented, these can cause tolerable yet unintended consequences on the quality and efficacy of the transfusion products.

From evidence to advice in France, Germany, and the UK: transparency, accountability, and participation in pandemic science advice.

Politicians often claim to be "following science" but their claims are, reasonably, disputed. To claim to be following the science can mean that scientific evidence affects or legitimates decisions. The evidence that politicians are following science often comes from formal systems of advice that translate science into advice.

MXene-based composite photocatalysts for efficient degradation of antibiotics in wastewater.

MXene-based (nano)materials have recently emerged as promising solutions for antibiotic photodegradation from aquatic environments, yet they are limited by scalability, stability, and selectivity challenges in practical settings. We formulated FeO-SiO/MXene ternary nano-photocomposites via coupled wet impregnation and sonochemistry approach for optimised tetracycline (TC) removal (the second most used antibiotic worldwide) from water using response surface methodology-central composite design (RSM-CCD). The photocatalysts containing various loading of FeO/SiO (5-45 wt%) on the MXene with a range of calcination temperatures (300-600 °C) via RSM optimisation were synthesised, characterised regarding crystallinity properties, surface morphology, binding energy, and light absorption capability, and analysed for TC degradation efficiency.

Water quality prediction and carbon reduction mechanisms in wastewater treatment in Northwest cities using Random Forest Regression model.

With the accelerated urbanization and economic development in Northwest China, the efficiency of urban wastewater treatment and the importance of water quality management have become increasingly significant. This work aims to explore urban wastewater treatment and carbon reduction mechanisms in Northwest China to alleviate water resource pressure. By utilizing online monitoring data from pilot systems, it conducts an in-depth analysis of the impacts of different wastewater treatment processes on water quality parameters.

The Gift of Time, How Do I Want to Spend It? Exploring Preferences for Time Allocation Among Women with and without a Breast Cancer Diagnosis.

Background: Women's preferences for time allocation reveal how they would like to prioritise market work, family life, and other competing activities. Whilst preferences may not always directly translate to behaviour, they are an important determinant of intention to act.

Objective: We present the first study to apply a discrete choice experiment (DCE) to investigate time allocation preferences among women diagnosed with breast cancer and women without a cancer diagnosis.

Laparoscopic Reversal of Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass with Hand-Sewn Gastro-Gastrostomy and Resection of the Alimentary Limb.

Introduction: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) reversal might be necessary to alleviate refractory surgical or nutritional complications, such as postprandial hypoglycemia, malnutrition, marginal ulceration, malabsorption, chronic diarrhea, nausea and vomiting, gastro-esophageal reflux disease, chronic pain, or excessive weight loss. The surgical technique of RYGB reversal is not standardized; potential strategies include the following: (1) gastro-gastrostomy: hand-sewn technique, linear stapler, circular stapler; (2) handling of the Roux limb: reconnection or resection (if remaining intestinal length ≥ 4 m).

Case Presentation: We demonstrate the surgical technique of a laparoscopic reversal of RYGB with hand-sewn gastro-gastrostomy and resection of the alimentary limb with the aim of improving the patient's quality of life.

Water use efficiency (WUE) and nutrient concentration of selected fodder radish (Raphanus sativus L.) genotypes for sustainable diets.

Changing climates threaten crop growth and fodder yields in dryland farming. This study assessed two radish genotypes (LINE 2, ENDURANCE) under three water regimes (W1 = well-watered, W2 = moderate stress, W3 = severe stress) and two leaf harvesting options over two seasons (2021/22 and 2022/23). Key findings revealed that water regime significantly (P < 0.

Application of artificial intelligence based on state grid ESG platform in clean energy scheduling optimization.

The randomness and volatility of existing clean energy sources have increased the complexity of grid scheduling. To address this issue, this work proposes an artificial intelligence (AI) empowered method based on the Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) big data platform, focusing on multi-objective scheduling optimization for clean energy. This work employs a combination of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Deep Q-Network (DQN) to enhance grid scheduling efficiency and clean energy utilization.

PLK1 overexpression suppresses homologous recombination and confers cellular sensitivity to PARP inhibition.

The overexpression of Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) is associated with poor clinical outcomes in various malignancies, making it an attractive target for anticancer therapies. Although recent studies suggest PLK1's involvement in homologous recombination (HR), the impact of its overexpression on HR remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the effect of PLK1 overexpression on HR using bioinformatics and experimental approaches.

Ceftazidime-avibactam for the treatment of febrile neutropenia in HSCT recipients and acute leukemia patients post induction chemotherapy.

Febrile neutropenia is a major complication in patients with acute leukemia or those undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Understanding patient characteristics and susceptibility patterns in febrile neutropenia is essential for appropriate antimicrobial therapy. First-line agents should have Pseudomonas aeruginosa coverage, but with the increase in multi-drug resistant organisms, ceftazidime-avibactam has emerged as a new therapeutic option.

VPS28 regulates triglyceride synthesis via ubiquitination in bovine mammary epithelial cells.

VPS28 (vacuolar protein sorting 28) is a subunit of the endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (ESCRTs) and is involved in ubiquitination. Ubiquitination is a critical system for protein degradation in eukaryotes. Considering the recent findings on the role of ubiquitination in the regulation of lipid metabolism, we hypothesized that VPS28 might affect the expression of genes involved in milk fat synthesis.

Comprehension of acoustically degraded emotional prosody in Alzheimer's disease and primary progressive aphasia.

Previous research suggests that emotional prosody perception is impaired in neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease (AD) and primary progressive aphasia (PPA). However, no previous research has investigated emotional prosody perception in these diseases under non-ideal listening conditions. We recruited 18 patients with AD, and 31 with PPA (nine logopenic (lvPPA); 11 nonfluent/agrammatic (nfvPPA) and 11 semantic (svPPA)), together with 24 healthy age-matched individuals.

Comparative soil bacterial metabarcoding after aboveground vs. subsurface decomposition of Mus musculus.

Outdoor microcosms, metabarcoding with next-generation sequencing of the 16S rRNA bacterial gene, total body score (TBS) and physicochemical analyses were used to monitor Mus musculus decomposition aboveground (A) and in the subsurface (S), and compared to soil-only controls (C). As determined by MaAsLin2 analysis, significant shifts in bacterial communities at 30 cm depths within the A, S and C treatments distinguished control from experimental soils, and between aboveground and subsurface deposition, demonstrating the potential for gravesoil discrimination during the first 90 days. For example, Dokdonella (p = 0.

Bayesian semiparametric inference in longitudinal metabolomics data.

The article is motivated by an application to the EarlyBird cohort study aiming to explore how anthropometrics and clinical and metabolic processes are associated with obesity and glucose control during childhood. There is interest in inferring the relationship between dynamically changing and high-dimensional metabolites and a longitudinal response. Important aspects of the analysis include the selection of the important set of metabolites and the accommodation of missing data in both response and covariate values.

Factors contributing to road traffic accidents in the Gaza Strip a comprehensive analysis.

Road traffic crashes (RTCs) are considered one of the major public health issues in many countries worldwide. Investigating factors of traffic crashes, accidents, and disasters can facilitate and aid in identifying measures to mitigate their frequency and severity as well as occurrence and impact, thereby enhancing road safety. This study aims to investigate the factors that contribute to road traffic accidents in the Gaza Strip, Palestine.

Hybridisation of in silico and in vitro bioassays for studying the activation of Nrf2 by natural compounds.

Oxidative stress, characterized by the damaging accumulation of free radicals, is associated with various diseases, including cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, and metabolic disorders. The transcription factor Nrf2 is pivotal in cellular defense against oxidative stress by regulating genes that detoxify free radicals, thus maintaining redox homeostasis and preventing cellular aging. Keap1 plays a regulatory role through its interaction with Nrf2, ensuring Nrf2 degradation under homeostatic conditions and facilitating its stabilization and nuclear translocation during oxidative stress.

THBS2 + cancer-associated fibroblasts promote EMT leading to oxaliplatin resistance via COL8A1-mediated PI3K/AKT activation in colorectal cancer.

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) exert multiple tumor-promoting functions and are key contributors to drug resistance. The mechanisms by which specific subsets of CAFs facilitate oxaliplatin resistance in colorectal cancer (CRC) have not been fully explored. This study found that THBS2 is positively associated with CAF activation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and chemoresistance at the pan-cancer level.

Feasibility of the use of Kangaroo mother care in the transfer of preterm and low-birth-weight infants: a two-arm nonrandomized controlled cluster feasibility study of neonatal transport in Cape Coast, Ghana.

Background: Despite progress made towards SDG 3, sub-Saharan Africa lags behind the rest of the world, accounting for over 50% of global neonatal deaths. The increased number of hospital births in the region has not reciprocated the reduction in neonatal mortality rates. Sick newborns face uncertain journeys from peripheral facilities to specialized centres arriving in suboptimal conditions, which impacts their outcomes, due partly to the scarcity of dedicated neonatal transport services.

Association between serum hypertriglyceridemia and hematological indices: data mining approaches.

Background: High triglyceride (TG) affects and is affected of other hematological factors. The determination of serum fasted triglycerides concentrations, as part of a lipid profile, is crucial key point in hematological factors and significantly affect various systemic diseases. This study was carried out to assess the potential relation between the concentration of TG and hematological factors.

Gas transport mechanisms during high-frequency ventilation.

By virtue of applying small tidal volumes, high-frequency ventilation is advocated as a method of minimizing ventilator-induced lung injury. Lung protective benefits are established in infants, but not in other patient cohorts. Efforts to improve and extend the lung protection potential should consider how fundamental modes of gas transport can be exploited to minimize harmful tidal volumes while maintaining or improving ventilation.